Cutaneous mycology:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia [u.a.]
Saunders
1996
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Dermatologic clinics
14,1 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 203 S. Ill. |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Cutaneous mycology |c Mervyn L. Elgart, guest ed. |
| 264 | 1 | |a Philadelphia [u.a.] |b Saunders |c 1996 | |
| 300 | |a XIV, 203 S. |b Ill. | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Dermatologic clinics |v 14,1 | |
| 650 | 2 | |a Champignons | |
| 650 | 2 | |a Mycologie | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Fungi | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Mycology | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Dermatomykose |0 (DE-588)4113290-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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I Cl"IAM :OlS \1 YCl )l CX".Y
CONTENTS
Preface xiii
Mervyn L. Elgart
Taxonomy and Introduction 1
Nancy G. Warren
Fungi and the diseases that they produce have become an important part
of patient care and management. Identification of these organisms can be
difficult because of the need to know and discern fungal morphology and
structure. This article reviews mycologic terms, describes and defines
fungal structures, discusses fungal isolation techniques, and suggests steps
for identification approaches.
Dermatophytes: Gross and Microscopic 9
Irene Weitzman and Arvind A. Padhye
Dermatophytes, members of the anamorphic genera Epidermophyton, Mi
crosporum, and Trichophyton, are capable of invading keratinous tissue,
causing cutaneous infection referred to as dermatophytosis. These species
may be anthropophilic, zoophilic, or geophilic based on host preference
and natural habitat. These groupings are epidemiologically significant.
This article provides a description of the genera and species of the
dermatophytes—gross and microscopic—and the tests that may be neces¬
sary to confirm their identification.
Tinea Capitis 23
Boni Elewski
Tinea capitis is dermatophytosis of the scalp hair follicles, generally pro¬
ducing inflammatory or noninflammatory alopecia. Infection occurs pre¬
dominantly in prepubertal children older than 6 months, although infec¬
tion can occur in all age groups. Tinea capitis is one of the most common
infectious conditions in children, and it occurs worldwide.
Dermatophytosis of the Feet 33
Gayle D. Masri Fridling
Tinea pedis is the most common fungal infection worldwide. There are
three well accepted clinical presentations based on the offending organism.
DKKMATOI CX.IC CLINICS VOLUME 14 • NUMBER 1 • JANUARY 1996 vii
Predisposing factors include heat, humidity, and occlusion. Mild disease
can evolve to "dermatophytosis complex" through bacterial superinfec
tion. Potassium hydroxide preparation and culture are important diagnos¬
tic tests in each case.
Nail Infections 41
Gillian Midgley and Mary K. Moore
The increasing prevalence of onychomycoses, along with the wider range
of organisms now recognized as potential pathogens, necessitates the
accurate laboratory identification of the specific fungus involved. Although
the majority of infections still are caused by dermatophyte and Candida
species, many other nondermatophyte molds, such as Scytalidium dimidia
tum, have been shown to be common agents of disease in certain geo¬
graphic areas. It is well recognized that infections by nondermatophytes
such as Scopulariopsis, Acremonium, and Aspergillus species occur world¬
wide. The availability of a range of new antifungal agents with various
spectra of activity means that the exact identification of the pathogen is
necessary to select the optimum treatment.
Tinea Incognito: An Update on Majocchi Granuloma 51
Mervyn L. Elgart
Majocchi granuloma was described naturally in situations of occlusion
and later from superficial trauma such as shaving. More recently, the
disease has occurred in the immunocompromised patient. Iatrogenic dis¬
ease (tinea incognito) is a new and more subtle form.
The Superficial Mycoses 57
Richard R. Assaf and Martin L. Weil
The various agents of the superficial mycoses have been recognized for
more than a century as causes of mild diseases affecting humankind. Two
of these, Malassezia furfur and Trichosporon beigelii, are ubiquitous organ¬
isms now known to be opportunistic pathogens in susceptible patient
populations. The clinical manifestation, pathogenesis, and treatment of the
common skin presentation of these and the other superficial mycoses are
reviewed.
Sporotrichosis 69
Bettie A. Davis
Sporothrix schenckii is a fungus that can be found worldwide in decaying
vegetative matter. It is the causative agent of sporotrichosis, a chronic
infection of humans and animals. The infection is characterized by nodular
lesions of the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues with lymphatic involve¬
ment. Systemic spread may occur with bone, muscle, central nervous
system, and pulmonary involvement. Diagnosis may be made based on
clinical presentation and on laboratory identification of the etiologic agent.
Chromoblastomycosis 77
George W. Elgart
Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic cutaneous infection due to several varie¬
ties of pigmented fungi. Diagnosis is straightforward and based on clinical
and microscopic findings. Despite the protracted course of the disease,
dissemination of the infection is rare. New insights into the pathophysiol
ogy may permit a closer appreciation of the clinical course. Treatment in
advanced cases is difficult and frequently requires extensive surgery or
lengthy therapy with physical or medical approaches.
Vlii CONTENTS
Actinomycosis, Nocardiosis, and Actinomycetoma 85
Nancy G. Warren
Cases of actinomycosis, nocardiosis, and actinomycetoma are seen infre¬
quently but consistently in the United States. When they are found, diag¬
nosis can be difficult because of their resemblance to other bacterial,
mycobacterial, and fungal infections. This article reviews the clinical pre¬
sentation, therapy, and laboratory diagnosis of these actinomycetales.
Mycetoma 97
Michael R. McGinnis
Mycetoma is a chronic infectious disease, most commonly caused by
Madurella mycetomatis, that remains localized, involves cutaneous and sub¬
cutaneous tissue, fascia, and bone, and is noncontagious. The disease is
characterized by tumefaction, draining sinuses, and the presence of sclero
tia. The 31 fungi known to cause mycetoma are associated with soil and
woody plants. A chronic, tumor like deforming disease develops during
subsequent years following the introduction of the etiologic agent via
localized trauma. Combined surgical and medical management with keto
conazole results in the best outcome.
Unusual Subcutaneous Infections 105
Mervyn L. Elgart
This article reviews various unusual subcutaneous infections, including
rhinosporidiosis, lobomycosis, and protothecosis. Clinical findings, pathol¬
ogy, mycology, and treatment are discussed for each disease.
Yeast Infections 113
Roderick J. Hay
Yeasts are unicellular fungi that reproduce by the process of budding in
which daughter cells are produced from parents by outpouching of the
cell membrane and wall, migration of cytoplasm into the new structure
thus formed, and then separation from the parent cell. Yeasts that are
pathogenic in humans range in size from 2 to 12 (Jim in diameter; most,
therefore, can be engulfed by phagocytic cells. These pathogens include
many of the best known of pathogenic fungi, such as the Candida species,
Cryptococcus neoformans, and the lipophilic yeasts of the genus Malassezia.
Cutaneous Manifestations of Systemic Mycoses 125
Barbara A. Body
Systemic fungal diseases are primary pulmonary diseases caused by the
dimorphic fungal pathogens, Blastomyces dermatitides, Coccidioides immitis,
Histoplasma capsulatum, or Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Infection occurs after
inhalation of the infectious form of the fungus and may be acute, self
limited, or subclinical. Primary cutaneous infection occurs only after trau¬
matic implantation of the fungus and is unusual. Erythema nodosum or
erythema multiforme may accompany the acute form of the disease. Other
cutaneous manifestations represent disseminated disease and, as such,
require systemic antifungal therapy. Because cutaneous lesions have oc¬
curred coincidentally with other cutaneous pathologies, emphasis should
be placed on a complete clinical history, physical examination, and diagno¬
sis by histopathology and culture.
Cutaneous Aspergillosis 137
Melda Isaac
Aspergillosis comprises a spectrum of diseases caused by species of a
ubiquitous saprophytic mold, Aspergillus, that usually live on decaying
CONTENTS ix
vegetation. Aspergillus organisms rarely behave as pathogens in an immu
nocompetent host. In the presence of immunosuppression, however, asper
gillus may be invasive and take a fulminant course. Aspergillosis is the
second most frequent opportunistic fungal infection surpassed only by
candidiasis; therefore, early detection and treatment are essential to mini
mize morbidity and mortality. This article reviews the historical aspects,
etiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathology, and treatment
of this disease and focuses on the cutaneous aspects of species of Aspergil¬
lus known to infect humans.
Zygomyeosis 141 .
Mervyn L. Elgart
In our increasingly immunocompromised populations, zygomyeosis is
becoming more common. It occurs in two forms. Mucormycosis is an
acute, necrotic, rapidly progressive disease of the immunocompromised
patient that may lead quickly to death. Entomophthoromycosis is a
chronic, slowly progressive subcutaneous disease seen mostly in immuno
competent patients living in tropical climates.
Phaeohyphomycosis 147
Michael G. Rinaldi
Mycoses caused by dematiaceous (darkly pigmented) fungi are escalating
in contemporary medicine. Such fungal infections are properly termed
phaeohyphomycosis and are of increasing concern to dermatologists. A high
index of suspicion, knowledge of clinical and laboratory presentations,
enhanced mycologic attention, and an awareness of current therapeutic
modalities—surgical and chemotherapeutic—may offer optimal manage¬
ment strategies for patients experiencing this type of often unique mycotic
infection.
Fungal Infections in Immunocompromised Individuals 155
Marcus A. Conant
This article examines the expression of fungal infections seen with differ¬
ent immunodeficiency states and discusses how the sequential appearance
of different diseases serves as a harbinger of clinical disease progression.
The effect of an immunocompromised state on the medical history, physi¬
cal findings, and natural history of fungal infections are discussed. The
appearance and increased frequency of rare fungal infections, made possi¬
ble by immunosuppression, are highlighted.
Recent Developments in Antifungal Therapy 163
Jack L. Lesher, Jr
There have been many advances during the past few years relating to the
treatment of superficial fungal infections. This article focuses on recent
developments, particularly in oral therapy, but in topical therapy as well.
First, the newer agents (especially fluconazole, itraconazole, and terbi
nafine) are reviewed, and then the use of these agents in many disorders
is discussed, with emphasis on tinea corporis or cruris, tinea pedis, tinea
capitis, and onychomycosis.
Current Therapy
Urticaria and Angioedema 171
Vincent S. Beltrani
This article discusses the allergist's or dermatologist's rational pathophysi
ologic approach to urticaria and angioedema. Every recognized cause is
X CONTENTS
outlined and identified for preventing acute urticaria. Appreciating
chronic urticaria as a "twitchy mast cell" syndrome is emphasized. The
"art of pharmacologic" gymnastics is presented for the safest and most
effective management of patients with urticaria.
Index 199
Subscription Information Inside back cover
CONTENTS XI |
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| physical | XIV, 203 S. Ill. |
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| series | Dermatologic clinics |
| series2 | Dermatologic clinics |
| spelling | Cutaneous mycology Mervyn L. Elgart, guest ed. Philadelphia [u.a.] Saunders 1996 XIV, 203 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Dermatologic clinics 14,1 Champignons Mycologie Fungi Mycology Dermatomykose (DE-588)4113290-7 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Dermatomykose (DE-588)4113290-7 s DE-604 Elgart, Mervyn L. Sonstige oth Dermatologic clinics 14,1 (DE-604)BV000004924 14,1 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007195569&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Cutaneous mycology Dermatologic clinics Champignons Mycologie Fungi Mycology Dermatomykose (DE-588)4113290-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4113290-7 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Cutaneous mycology |
| title_auth | Cutaneous mycology |
| title_exact_search | Cutaneous mycology |
| title_full | Cutaneous mycology Mervyn L. Elgart, guest ed. |
| title_fullStr | Cutaneous mycology Mervyn L. Elgart, guest ed. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cutaneous mycology Mervyn L. Elgart, guest ed. |
| title_short | Cutaneous mycology |
| title_sort | cutaneous mycology |
| topic | Champignons Mycologie Fungi Mycology Dermatomykose (DE-588)4113290-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Champignons Mycologie Fungi Mycology Dermatomykose Aufsatzsammlung |
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