Housing, sustainable development and the rural poor: a study of Tamil Nadu
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
New Delhi [u.a.]
SAGE Publ.
1995
|
Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | 432 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
ISBN: | 0803992564 8170364884 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | Contents
List of Figures 7
ListofTables 9
List of Abbreviations 15
Preface 17
1. Scope and Overview 21
Part I: Concept and Geographical Setting 27
2. Rural Housing in India: An Economic, Social and
Ecological Problem 29
3. The Concept of Ecodevelopment and Appropriate
Technology for Rural Housing 48
4. Profile of the Study Area 69
Part II: The Empirical Examination of a Concept 97
5. Methodology 99
6. House Related Problems: Needs and Desires 117
7. Local Building Skills and Materials as a Basis for
Self Reliance 150
8. The House as a Habitat Organism: Environmental
Compatibility 189
Part III: Socio cultural Conditions and Constraints of Housing in
Rural Society 225
9. Caste Structure 227
10. Religious Practices 243
6 Housing, Sustainable Development and the Rural Poor
11. Daily Work and Professional Routine 253
12. The Specific Life and Work Situation of Women 267
Part IV: Implementing Housing Technology in a Village:
The Agents Involved 281
13. Which Path to Development? 283
14. Technological Research, Development and Dissemination 290
15. Innovation Capacity in the Village 308
16. Non governmental Organizations for Grassroots Development 332
Part V: Recommendations and Summary 351
17. Conclusions and Recommendations for an Ecodevelopment
Approach to Rural Housing 353
18. Summary 372
Appendices TiTi
Glossary 406
References 410
List of Figures
1.1 Forces Attacking the House 23
2.1 Number of Households and the Housing Gap in India 31
3.1 The Housing Cycle 50
3.2 House and Household as a Human Ecological System 67
4.1 The Investigated Area—Tamil Nadu 76
4.2 The Investigated Area—Chengalpattu District 78
43 Village Plan of Nootenchera 83
4.4 Village Plan of Meppur 85
4.5 Mental Map of Kovalam Kupam (Fishing Village) 93
4.6 Natang Hut of 19m2 in Kovalam Kupam 95
6.1 Distance of Drinking Water 125
6.2 Problems with... 132
63 Rank Correlations between Different Income Groups 135
6.4 Mean Number and Desired Number of Rooms for Pucca
and Kutcha Owners 136
6.5 Actual and Desired House Size According to Income 137
7.1 Kutcha House in Tamil Nadu (Isometric View) 152
7.2 Pucca House in Tamil Nadu 153
73 Natang Hut 158
7.4 DoolumHut 159
7.5 Khatri Hut 161
7.6 Tiled House 162
7.7 Flat Roofed House 163
7.8 Housing Board House A 164
7.9 Housing Board House B 165
7.10 Caste Membership According to House Type 171
7.11 House Types According to Caste Membership 172
7.12 Frequency of Roof Repair According to House Type 175
7.13 Frequency of Wall Repair According to House Type 177
8 Housing, Sustainable Development and the Rural Poor
7.14 Comparison of Repair Costs and House Price 180
8.1 Climatic Data for the Chengalpattu District 194
8.2 Integrated Kitchen Garden System 213
83 Static Habitat—Kitchen Garden Model 217
8.4 A Habitat Kitchen Garden as a Human Ecological Process 218
8.5 Biogas Technology 222
8.6 Integrated Habitat Farm System 223
14.1 Components of the Cam Block Press 300
16.1 Roofs for the Roofless Model House 339
16.2 Clay Mi 344
163 Floor Plan of a Mud Block House 345
16.4 Shelter for Clay Pots 346
16.5 Floor Plan of a Weaver s Plastered Mud Block
House cum Workshop 347
3
List of Tables
2.1 All India Population, Households and Housing Stock
in Different Censuses 30
2.2 Distribution of Villages According to Population Size 30
23 Population Growth and Housing Shortage in Rural India 31
2.4 House Stock According to Type of Building Material in
Rural India 33
2.5 Percentage Distribution of Rural Residential Houses
According to Structure Type 33
2.6 Percentage Distribution of Predominant Building Materials
in Rural Areas (1971) 34
2.7 Percentage Distribution of Rural Households According to
Source of Drinking Water 35
2.8 Percentage Distribution of Households According to
Type of Lighting in Rural Areas 35
2.9 Percentage Distribution of Rural Households with a Latrine 36
2.10 Percentage Distribution of Households According to Size
of Dwelling Unit 36
2.11 Percentage Distribution of Population According to Size
of Dwelling Unit Occupied 37
2.12 Average Number of Persons Per Room Classified
According to Size of Dwelling Unit 37
2.13 Percentage Distribution of Households and Average Number
of Persons and Average Area of House Per Household
and Per Person, Respectively, by Per Capita
Monthly Expenditure Group: AU India, 1973 74 38
2.14 Plan Expenditure and Outlay on Shelter and Human
Settlements 40
2.15 Construction under Social Housing Schemes 43
2.16 Public and Private Housing Investment 46
10 Housing, Sustainable Development and the Rural Poor
2.17 Total House Construction and its Governmental Share 46
3.1 Share of Housing Property in Total Wealth of Households
Classified by Income Groups 51
3.2 Proportion of Workers in Building Construction to
Total Workers 51
33 Ecodevelopment and Appropriate Technology 62
4.1 Land Utilization in Tamil Nadu (1981 82) and
Chengalpattu District (1980 81) 79
4.2 Distribution of Ownership Holdings in Tamil Nadu (1971 72) 80
A3 Distribution of Ownership Holdings in the Project Area (1986) 81
4.4 Calculation of the Cost of a 19m2 (190 sq ft) Natang Hut in
Kovalam Kupam (1988) 94
5.1 Data Processing 106
5.2 Permanent and Temporary Hies for Data Processing 107
S3 Instruments of Analysis Used: A Synopsis 108
5.4 Variables Most Frequently Used 111
5.5 Structural House Types in Terms of Building Materials Used 111
5.6 Refined Process to Identify Building Materials 112
6.1 The Greatest Family Problems 122
6.2 House Related Problems 124
63 Satisfaction with Water Supply, Distance of Drinking Water
and Water Shortage 127
6.4 Water Shortage According to Caste 128
6.5 Mean Village Distances of Drinking Water and Mean Village
Water Situation 129
6.6 Problems with ... (Last Year) 130
6.7 Desired Building Materials According to House Types 133
8 Desired Building Materials According to Income Groups 134
6.9 Mean Square Feet and Desired Square Feet for Pucca and
Kutcha Owners 136
6.10 Desired Facilities of a Rural House for Pucca and
Kutcha Owners 139
6.11 Most Important Facilities of a New House for Pucca and
Kutcha Owners 140
6.12 Image of a House 141
6.13 Can You Do Anything to Solve House Related Problems? 142
6.14 Solved House Related Problems 143
6.15 Changes Planned in the Future 145
6.16 Changes in the House 146
7.1 House Types as Defined by Building Materials 156
I
List of Tables 11
12 Percentage Distribution of House Types in Rural
Tamil Nadu (1986): Investigated Area 167
73 Percentage Distribution of House Types (1961 and 1971)
in Rural India and Rural Tamil Nadu 168
74 Cost Estimates for Serviceable Kutcha Houses:
Investigated Area 169
7.5 Cost Estimates for Pucca Houses: Investigated Area 169
7.6 Distribution of Residential Houses According to Cost
of Construction in Rural Tamil Nadu (1986):
Investigated Area 170
7.7 Average House Construction Costs in the Investigated Area 170
7.8 Average Frequency of House Repairs According to
House Type 173
7.9 Roof Repair Costs 176
7.10 Roof Repair—Mean Cost and Frequency According to
House Type 176
7.11 Wall Repair Costs 178
7.12 Wall Repair—Mean Cost and Frequency According to
House Type 178
7.13 Mean Labour and Material Costs According to Wall
and Roof Repair 179
7.14 Repair Costs and House Prices in Comparison According
to House Type 179
7.15 Foundation—Materials and Combinations Used 182
7.16 Floor—Materials and Combinations Used 182
7.17 Walls—Materials and Combinations Used 183
7.18 Doors and Windows—Materials Used 183
7.19 Coating—Materials and Combinations Used 184
7.20 Roof—Materials and Combinations Used 18S
7.21 Tying—Materials and Combinations Used 186
7.22 Prices of Building Materials in Madras 187
7.23 Availability of Building Materials 187
8.1 Plant Nutrients Removed by Crops 198
8.2 Amount of Dung Used Daily in Combination with
Other Energy Sources 206
8J Kitchen Gardens in the Investigated Area 209
8.4 Some Vegetables with a High Nutrient Content 212
8.5 Tropical Fruit Trees 214
8.6 Kitchen Garden Crops 215
8.7 Functions of Kitchen Garden Plants 216
12 Housing, Sustainable Development and the Rural Poor
9.1 Caste Distribution in the Investigated Area 235
9.2 Occupation of Different Caste Members and Harijans 239
93 Education of Different Caste Members and Harijans 239
11.1 Daily Routine of Fisher Families in Kovalam Kupam
(Village No. 1400) 256
11.2 Daily Routine of Professionals in Kovalam Kupam
(Village No. 1400) 258
113 Daily Routine of Fanners in Pushpagiri
(Village No. 2700) 259
11.4 Daily Routine of Fanners in Autupakkam
(Village No. 4100) 260
11.5 Daily Routine of Wage Labourers in Chellam Pattidai
(Village No. 1300) 261
11.6 Daily Routine of Agricultural Coolies in Siruvanjur
(Village No. 2400) 261
11.7 Daily Routine of Chettiar BC Weavers in Indra Nagar
(Village No. 3200) 262
11.8 Daily Routine of Mudaliar Weavers in Indra Nagar
(Village No. 3200) 263
11.9 Daily Routine of Brahmin Businessmen, White Collar Workers
and Their Families in Kattankulathur (Village No. 2100) 263
11.10 Agricultural Calendar 266
11.11 Agricultural Distribution of Work 266
12.1 Occupations in the Villages 268
12.2 Housework in the Investigated Area (by Gender) 273
123 Female Workers by Categories of Occupied Persons in the
Districts of North Arcot and Chengalpattu and in the
Investigated Area 274
12.4 Voluntary Labour of Male and Female Family
Members in House Construction in the Investigated Area 274
12.5 Time Spent by Women on Household Activities in
Different Parts of India 277
12.6 Select Statistics about Women and Men 278
14.1 Select Roofing Materials: Comparison of Cost and Lifespan 292
14.2 Cost Comparison and Expected Lifespan of Various
Roofing Systems 294
15.1 Propensity to Invest in a Thatched Roof According to
House Type 310
15.2 Propensity to Invest in a Thatched Roof According to
Given Groups 310
f
List of Tables 13
15.3 Propensity to Invest in Waterproofing of Mud Walls
According to House Type 311
15.4 Propensity to Invest in Waterproofing of Mud Walls
According to Given Groups 311
15.5 Willingness to Rent a Mud Block Press According to
House Type 312
15.6 Willingness to Rent a Mud Block Press According to
Given Groups 312
15.7 Cost Sharing According to House Type 312
15.8 Feasibility of Installing a Chimney According to House Type 313
15.9 Propensity to Invest in Waterproofing of Mud Walls in
Relation to Renting a Mud Block Press (Respondents with
Wall Problems) 317
15.10 Propensity to Invest in Waterproofing of Mud Walls
in Relation to Wall Materials Used 317
15.11 Willingness to Rent a Mud Block Press in Relation to
Wall Materials Used 318
15.12 Propensity to Invest in a Thatched Roof in Relation to
Roofing Materials Used 319
15.13 House Expenditures (198S) 320
15.14 Propensity to Invest in a Thatched Roof in Relation
to Mean Material and Labour Costs of Roof Repairs 321
15.15 Propensity to Invest in Waterproofing of Mud Walls in Relation
to Mean Material and Labour Costs of Wall Repairs 321
15.16 Willingness to Rent a Mud Block Press in Relation to
Mean Material and Labour Costs of Wall Repairs 321
15.17 Propensity to Invest in a Thatched Roof in Relation to
Frequency of Roof Repairs 322
15.18 Propensity to Invest in Waterproofing of Mud Walls in
Relation to Frequency of Wall Repairs 322
15.19 Willingness to Rent a Mud Block Press in Relation to
Frequency of Wall Repairs 323
15.20 Correlation Between Various Innovation Propensities
and in Relation to Annual Income 324
15.21 Propensity to Invest in a Thatched Roof in Relation to
Income Groups 325
15.22 Propensity to Invest in Waterproofing of Mud Walls in
Relation to Income Groups 326
15.23 Willingness to Rent a Mud Block Press in Relation to
Income Groups 327
14 Housing, Sustainable Development and the Rural Poor
15.24 Mean Income Distribution in Relation to Innovation Propensity
and House Type: (A) Thatched Roof, (B) Waterproofing of
Mud Walls, (C) Mud Block Press 328
15.25 CorrelationbetweenInnovation Propensity and Education 329
15.26 Innovation Propensity in Relation to Caste Membership 329
16.1 Cost of House with Mud Blocks or Rammed Earth 346
16.2 Cost of a Plastered Mud Block House cum Workshop 348
|
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Glaeser, Bernhard 1941- |
author_GND | (DE-588)140292500 |
author_facet | Glaeser, Bernhard 1941- |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Glaeser, Bernhard 1941- |
author_variant | b g bg |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV010659348 |
classification_rvk | RR 39801 |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)231660938 (DE-599)BVBBV010659348 |
discipline | Geographie |
edition | 1. publ. |
format | Book |
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geographic | Tamil Nadu (DE-588)4078142-2 gnd |
geographic_facet | Tamil Nadu |
id | DE-604.BV010659348 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:56:48Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 0803992564 8170364884 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-007115470 |
oclc_num | 231660938 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-12 DE-703 |
owner_facet | DE-12 DE-703 |
physical | 432 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
publishDate | 1995 |
publishDateSearch | 1995 |
publishDateSort | 1995 |
publisher | SAGE Publ. |
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spelling | Glaeser, Bernhard 1941- Verfasser (DE-588)140292500 aut Housing, sustainable development and the rural poor a study of Tamil Nadu Bernhard Glaeser 1. publ. New Delhi [u.a.] SAGE Publ. 1995 432 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Ländlicher Raum (DE-588)4034026-0 gnd rswk-swf Wohnung (DE-588)4066768-6 gnd rswk-swf Tamil Nadu (DE-588)4078142-2 gnd rswk-swf Tamil Nadu (DE-588)4078142-2 g Ländlicher Raum (DE-588)4034026-0 s Wohnung (DE-588)4066768-6 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007115470&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Glaeser, Bernhard 1941- Housing, sustainable development and the rural poor a study of Tamil Nadu Ländlicher Raum (DE-588)4034026-0 gnd Wohnung (DE-588)4066768-6 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4034026-0 (DE-588)4066768-6 (DE-588)4078142-2 |
title | Housing, sustainable development and the rural poor a study of Tamil Nadu |
title_auth | Housing, sustainable development and the rural poor a study of Tamil Nadu |
title_exact_search | Housing, sustainable development and the rural poor a study of Tamil Nadu |
title_full | Housing, sustainable development and the rural poor a study of Tamil Nadu Bernhard Glaeser |
title_fullStr | Housing, sustainable development and the rural poor a study of Tamil Nadu Bernhard Glaeser |
title_full_unstemmed | Housing, sustainable development and the rural poor a study of Tamil Nadu Bernhard Glaeser |
title_short | Housing, sustainable development and the rural poor |
title_sort | housing sustainable development and the rural poor a study of tamil nadu |
title_sub | a study of Tamil Nadu |
topic | Ländlicher Raum (DE-588)4034026-0 gnd Wohnung (DE-588)4066768-6 gnd |
topic_facet | Ländlicher Raum Wohnung Tamil Nadu |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007115470&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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