Personality assessment methods and practices:
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Seattle [u.a.]
Hogrefe & Huber
1996
|
Ausgabe: | 2. rev. ed. |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | 1. Aufl. u.d.T.: Aiken, Lewis R.: Assessment of personality |
Beschreibung: | XVI, 517 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
ISBN: | 0889371369 |
Internformat
MARC
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264 | 1 | |a Seattle [u.a.] |b Hogrefe & Huber |c 1996 | |
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adam_text | Lewis R Aiken
Personality Assessment
Methods and Practices
2nd revised edition
Hogrefe amp; Huber Publishers
Seattle • Toronto • Bern • Gottingen
Table of Contents
Preface
PART I: FOUNDATIONS OF
PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT
CHAPTER 1: History and Theories 3
Historical Foundations 4
Ancient Greece and Rome 5
The Middle Ages and Renaissance 7
Pseudoscience and Personality Assessment 9
The Late Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries 14
Theories of Personality 17
Type Theories 19
Trait Theories 22
Psychoanalytic Theories 24
Phenomenological Theories 26
Murray s Personology 27
Social Learning Theory 28
Summary 30
Questions and Activities 31
Suggested Readings • 33
vi Personality Assessment Methods and Practices
CHAPTER 2: Psychometrics I:
Statistical Methods and Test Construction 35
Measurement and Statistics 35
Scales of Measurement 36
Frequency Distributions and Percentiles 37
Averages 40
Measures of Variability 40
Standard Scores 41
Correlation and Regression 41
Factor Analysis 47
Constructing and Item-Analyzing Assessment Instruments 49
Strategies for Constructing Inventories and Rating Scales 50
Item Analysis and Item Response Theory 51
Sources and Standards for Personality Assessment Instruments 53
Summary 56
Questions and Activities 57
Sources of Information on Personality Tests 59
CHAPTER 3: Psychometrics H:
Standardization, Reliability, and Validity 61
Standardizing and Equating Tests 61
Norms 63
Parallel and Equated Tests 66
Reliability 67
Classical Reliability Theory 67
Test-Retest Coefficient 68
Parallel-Forms Coefficient 68
Internal Consistency Coefficients 69
Interscorer Reliability 71
Interpreting Reliability Coefficients 71
Variability and Reliability 72
Standard Error of Measurement 72
Percentile Bands 73
Reliability and Standard Error of Score Differences 74
Generalizability Theory 75
Validity - 75
Content Validity 76
Criterion-Related Validity 76
Construct Validity 79
Summary 80
Questions and Activities 81
Suggested Readings 82
Table of Contents vii
CHAPTER 4: Administration, Interpretation, and
Reporting 85
Instrument Selection, Administration and Scoring 87
Administering Assessment Instruments 88
Assessment Standards and Ethical Principles 89
Physical and Psychological Environments 92
Deviations from Standard Procedure 93
After the Test 93
Administration by Computer 94
Scoring 94
Interpreting Assessment Findings 96
Case Study 96
Psychodiagnosis 97
Clinical versus Statistical Prediction 100
Factors Detracting from Clinical Judgments 101
Psychological Assessment Reports 102
Computerized Reports 107
Informed Consent and Confidentiality 109
Consultations and Conferences 110
Summary I l l
Questions and Activities 112
Suggested Readings 115
PART II: OBSERVING, INTERVIEWING,
AND RATING
CHAPTER 5: Observations and Interviews 119
Observations 120
Uncontrolled and Controlled Observation 120
Participant Observation 121
Situational Testing and Leaderless Group Discussion 122
Self-Observation and Content Analysis 123
Improving the Accuracy of Observations 124
Training Observers 125
Nonverbal Behavior 125
Observations for Behavior Modification 129
Interviews 131
Interviewing Technique and Structure 132
Clinical Interviewing 135
Personnel Interviews 139
Reliability and Validity of Interviews 141
viii Personality Assessment Methods and Practices
Application Blanks and Biographical Inventories 142
Employment Application Blank 142
Biographical Inventory 143
References and Recommendations 144
Summary 144
Questions and Activities 146
Suggested Readings 147
CHAPTER 6: Checklists, Rating Scales and Attitude
Measurement 149
Checklists 150
Standardized Checklists 151
Adjective Check Lists 153
Rating Scales 157
Types of Rating Scales 157
Errors in Rating 161
Improving Ratings 162
Reliability and Validity of Ratings 163
Standardized Rating Scales 163
Q-Sort Technique 164
Sorting and Selecting People 165
Attitude Measurement 168
Methods of Measuring Attitudes 169
Thurstone Attitude Scales 170
Likert Attitude Scales 172
Guttman Scales 174
Other Attitude Measurement Procedures 175
Sources and Psychometric Characteristics of Attitude Scales 175
Summary 176
Questions and Activities 178
Suggested Readings 180
PART III: PERSONALITY INVENTORIES
CHAPTER 7: Rational-Theoretical and Factor-Analyzed
Inventories 183
Psychometric Characteristics 186
Scale Construction Strategies 187
Faking and Response Sets 189
Checks and Controls for Truthfulness in Responding 190
Norms, Reliability, and Validity 192
Table of Contents
Early Personality Inventories 192
Single-Score Inventories 193
Multiscore Inventories 194
Contemporary Rational-Theoretical Inventories 194
Rational or Content-Validated Inventories 195
Single-Construct Inventories 195
Health-Related Inventories 199
Theory-Based Inventories 201
Factor-Analyzed Inventories 203
Guilford s Inventories 204
Cattell s Questionnaires 204
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire 208
Profile of Mood States (POMS) 208
Comrey Personality Scales 209
Perspective on Factor Analysis in Personality Assessment 210
Summary 212
Questions and Activities 213
Suggested Readings 215
CHAPTER 8: Criterion-Keyed Inventories 217
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 218
Constructing the MMPI 219
Description of the MMPI 219
MMPI Scales 220
Examining Scores on the Validity Scales 221
Interpreting Scores on the MMPI Clinical Scales 222
Reliability, Norms, and Group Differences 223
MMPI-2 223
Profile Interpretation 226
Problems and Prospects 230
The CPI and Other MMPI-Related Inventories 230
California Psychological Inventory 230
Personality Inventory for Children 235
Personality Inventory for Youth 236
The MCMI and Other Millon Inventories 237
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory 237
Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory 239
Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory 241
Inventories Based on Combined Strategies 242
Personality Research Form 242
Jackson Personality Inventory-Revised 243
Basic Personality Inventory 244
Summary 245
Personality Assessment Methods and Practices
Questions and Activities 246
Suggested Readings 247
CHAPTER 9: Measuring Interests and Values 249
Interests and Personality 250
Psychoanalytic and Developmental Theories 251
Roe s Person-Environment Theory of Career Choice 253
Holland s Vocational Personalities-Work Environments Theory 256
Personality Inventories as Measures of Interests 260
Criterion- and Content-Validated Interest Inventories 262
The Strong Inventories 263
Kuder Interest Inventories 267
Other General Interest and Special Purpose Interest Inventories 269
Gender Differences 271
Using Interest Inventories in Counseling 272
Values and Personal Orientations 273
Rokeach Value Survey 273
The Study of Values 274
Vocational Values 274
Sex-Roles and Other Personal Orientations 276
Summary 279
Questions and Activities 281
Suggested Readings 284
PART IV: PROJECTIVE TECHNIQUES
CHAPTER 10: Associations, Completions, and Drawings 289
Concepts and Examples 290
The Influence of Psychoanalysis290
Detractors and Supporters291
Types of Projective Techniques292
Association Techniques 292
Early Recollections293
Word Associations295
Completion Techniques 297
Sentence Completions298
Story Completions302
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration Study303
Projective Drawings 305
Draw-a-Person Test305
House-Tree-Person Technique307
Table of Contents xi
Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test308
Postscript on Projective Drawings310
Summary 312
Questions and Activities 314
Suggested Readings 315
CHAPTER 11: The Rorschach and Other Inkblot
Techniques 317
Format and Foundations 318
Rationale and Administration Procedure 318
Historical Background 319
Popularity of the Rorschach 321
Five Major Systems and Alternative Approaches 323
Beck s System 323
Klopfer s System 323
Hertz s System 324
Rapaport-Schafer System 324
Piotrowski s System 324
Content Analysis 324
Holtzman Inkblot Technique 325
Exner s Comprehensive System 326
Administration Procedures in the Comprehensive System 327
Scoring in the Comprehensive System 328
Structural Summary 335
Interpreting Rorschach Responses 337
Computer-Based Scoring and Interpretation 337
Piotrowski s CPR 337
Miller s and Perline s Programs 338
The Exner Report 338
Psychometric Issues and Future Prospects 340
Reliability 340
Validity 343
Future Prospects 343
Summary 344
Questions and Activities 345
Suggested Readings 346
CHAPTER 12: The TAT and Other Apperception
Techniques 347
Administering the TAT 350
Individual Administration 350
Self-Administration 351
xii Personality Assessment Methods and Practices
Group Administration 352
Follow-Up Inquiry 353
Shortened TAT Card Sets 353
An Illustration: Testing Juvenile Delinquents 354
Scoring and Interpreting TAT Stories 358
Clinical Interpretation 359
Murray s Interpretative System 360
Psychometric Issues and Research 362
Reliability 364
Validity 364
TAT Modifications and Other Apperception Tests 365
Picture Projective Test 366
Apperception Tests for Minority Groups 366
Picture Tests for Children 367
Apperception Tests for Older Adults 371
Other Pictorial/Story Techniques 372
Summary 373
Questions and Activities 375
Suggested Readings 377
PART V: OTHER MEASURES,
APPLICATIONS, AND ISSUES
CHAPTER 13: Physiological, Perceptual, and Cognitive
Measures 381
Physiological Measures 382
Bioelectric Indicators of Emotional and Sexual Arousal 382
Biofeedback 383
Polygraph Tests 384
Other Physiological Measures 385
Physiological Differentiation Among Emotions 386
Personality Traits and Physiology 388
Perceptual Measures 391
Cognitive Measures 393
Cognitive Styles 394
Assessing Personality With Cognitive Tests 397
Intelligence Tests 398
Diagnosing Psychopathology from Wechsler Score Differences 398
Qualitative Observations on Intelligence Tests 400
Summary 401
Questions and Activities 403
Suggested Readings 405
Table of Contents xiii
CHAPTER 14: Issues and Prospects in Personality
Assessment 407
Older Issues in Personality Assessment 408
Legal and Ethical Issues 408
Validity of Personality Assessment 410
Bias on Personality Tests 411
Continuing Controversies 412
Heredity and Environment 413
Traits and Situations 414
Computer-Based Assessment and Interpretation 416
Newer Methods, Measures, and Areas of Assessment 419
Adaptive Testing 419
Environmental Assessment 421
Assessment in Health Contexts 422
Assessment in Legal Contexts 423
Marital and Family Assessment 425
Psychological Assessments in Sports 426
Consumer Behavior 427
Prospects for the Future of Personality Assessment 429
Summary 431
Questions and Activities 432
Suggested Readings 433
REFERENCES 435
APPENDIXES 469
A Glossary 471
B American Publishers and Distributors of
Personality Assessment Instruments 491
INDEXES 493
Authors 495
Subjects 507
Assessment Instruments 513
|
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dewey-raw | 155.2/8 |
dewey-search | 155.2/8 |
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indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:56:15Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 0889371369 |
language | English |
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spelling | Aiken, Lewis R. 1931- Verfasser (DE-588)11425172X aut Personality assessment methods and practices Lewis R. Aiken 2. rev. ed. Seattle [u.a.] Hogrefe & Huber 1996 XVI, 517 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier 1. Aufl. u.d.T.: Aiken, Lewis R.: Assessment of personality Personnalité - Évaluation Personality Assessment Personality assessment Persönlichkeitstest (DE-588)4132666-0 gnd rswk-swf Persönlichkeitsdiagnostik (DE-588)4173861-5 gnd rswk-swf Persönlichkeitsdiagnostik (DE-588)4173861-5 s DE-604 Persönlichkeitstest (DE-588)4132666-0 s HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007091311&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Aiken, Lewis R. 1931- Personality assessment methods and practices Personnalité - Évaluation Personality Assessment Personality assessment Persönlichkeitstest (DE-588)4132666-0 gnd Persönlichkeitsdiagnostik (DE-588)4173861-5 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4132666-0 (DE-588)4173861-5 |
title | Personality assessment methods and practices |
title_auth | Personality assessment methods and practices |
title_exact_search | Personality assessment methods and practices |
title_full | Personality assessment methods and practices Lewis R. Aiken |
title_fullStr | Personality assessment methods and practices Lewis R. Aiken |
title_full_unstemmed | Personality assessment methods and practices Lewis R. Aiken |
title_short | Personality assessment methods and practices |
title_sort | personality assessment methods and practices |
topic | Personnalité - Évaluation Personality Assessment Personality assessment Persönlichkeitstest (DE-588)4132666-0 gnd Persönlichkeitsdiagnostik (DE-588)4173861-5 gnd |
topic_facet | Personnalité - Évaluation Personality Assessment Personality assessment Persönlichkeitstest Persönlichkeitsdiagnostik |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007091311&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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