Handbook of international credit management:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Aldershot [u.a.]
Gower
1995
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXIII, 439 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0566075768 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Handbook of international credit management |c ed. by Brian W. Clarke |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
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| 650 | 7 | |a Financieel management |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Internationale ondernemingen |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Krediet |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Multinationales Unternehmen | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Credit |x Management | |
| 650 | 4 | |a International business enterprises |x Finance | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804125040695836672 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
List of figures xi
List of tables xiii
Preface xv
Notes on contributors xvii
PARTI THE INTERNATIONAL CREDIT MANAGEMENT FUNCTION
1 The role of credit in world trade 3
Brian Clarke
World understanding through trade and credit — The world debt crisis
The scale of world trade The true cost of export credit The credit
function (and title) — Exporting companies and multinationals — Long ,
medium and short term credit Where to next? Recommended read¬
ing
2 Responsibilities, expertise and resource 11
Brian Clarke
Responsibilities Expertise Resource — People Supporting systems
and other resources Recommended reading
3 Agency representation 16
Don Nelmes
Appointing an agent and the agency agreement Distributorship
Duties and obligations of the agent Agency status Commissions
Agency expenses Del credere Case of need Debt collection: chas¬
ing overdues Consignment accounts Subsidiary or related compan¬
ies acting as agents Termination of agency Recommended reading
V
Vi HANDBOOK OF INTERNATIONAL CREDIT MANAGEMENT
4 Operating through subsidiaries and affiliates 29
Robert Lambert
Organizational options Joint ventures Acquisitions Subsidiaries
acting as commission agents Manufacturing subsidiaries National
selling companies Re invoicing and netting Computer systems for
multinationals Recommended reading
PARTII ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF CREDIT RISKS
5 The range of risks 43
Burt Edwards
The real cost of credit — Customer risk — The need to assess customers
ability to pay Payment behaviour Why do companies fail? Warning
signs of insolvency Disputed debts as a risk Credit risks in interna¬
tional trade Political credit risks The transfer risk Summary
6 Country risk assessment 57
Hans Belcsak
The concept of country risk — Sources of information — Structuring input
— Evaluating data A systematic approach to risk management —
Country risk consultants
7 Customer risk assessment 74
Paul Pitts
Information sources and their reliability — Interpretation of financial
statements Ratio analysis Categories and credit limits Visits and on
the spot assessment Recommended reading
8 Risk management 98
Burt Edwards
Risk control in sales credit Receivables statistics Organization of
credit management Credit risk assessment Credit limits Credit risk
categories Day to day risk control Opening a credit account Doing
business with marginal risk accounts Controls for risky accounts
Risk control on overseas accounts A checklist for good export risk
control Summary Recommended reading
PART HI LAYING OFF THE RISK
9 Sharing the risk 113
Brian Clarke
Guarantees and avals Confirming houses Factoring Forfeiting
Credit insurance — Letters of credit — Del credere — Recommended read¬
ing
CONTENTS VN
10 Credit insurance 118
PaulDawson
General principles — Discretionary limit — Credit terms — The Consensus
The Berne Union The International Credit Insurance Association
(ICIA) — The private insurance market — Types of credit insurance — Self
insurance Brokers — Summary — Recommended reading
PART IV TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE
11 Terms and conditions for international trade 133
Gray Sinclair
The international sales contract Terms of delivery/trade terms Terms
and methods of payment Interest and discount — Local currency
exchange risk Retention of title Dispute resolution Goods v ser¬
vices Pre shipment and price comparison The importance of correct
documentation The trend towards electronic commerce —
Recommended reading
12 Bonds and Guarantees 151
Martin Shaw
Terminology and background — The nature of guarantees — The forms
and sources of guarantees Risks to the seller and means of minimizing
them — Conditioning of guarantees — Conclusion Recommended read¬
ing
PARTV SETTLEMENT METHODS
13 An outline of settlement methods 167
Brian Clarke
The main settlement methods — Transmission of funds — Recommended
reading
14 Bills of exchange 172
Jacques Lardinois
Legal division of the world — Definitions — Salient formal features The
time for payment Acceptance Avals Negotiation Use of bills in
export settlements — Payment Protest Promissory notes — Marginal
substitutes Applicable law UN Convention on international bills of
exchange Recommended reading
15 Documentary collections 196
Jacques Lardinois
Definition The parties involved — The main types of documentary col¬
lection The role of the banks Uniform rules for collections Costs
Interest The collection instruction Direct collections Collection
tracing Transmitting proceeds The documents Unpaid or unac¬
cepted documentary collections Protesting Recommended reading
VMi HANDBOOK OF INTERNATIONAL CREDIT MANAGEMENT
16 Documentary letters of credit 222
Brian Clarke
Definition — Forms and types of credit — Documentary credit failures:
the core problem The Uniform Customs and Practice (UCP) The US
Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), Article 5 The operation of the
credit — Establishing credits — The quality of an irrevocable letter of
credit — The quality of a confirmation — Checking the credit
Amendments to the credit Presenting the documents Special types
of credit Fraudulent credits Future developments Finale
Recommended reading
17 Countertrade 242
Simon Harris
Why countertrade? Who countertrades and who doesn t? Types of
countertrade Participants in countertrade: the countertraders The
costs (and the savings) Some risks Financing A practical example
of countertrade — Anatomy of countertrade — Countertrade checklist —
Conclusion Recommended reading
PART VI GETTING PAID
18 Collecting overdue debts 273
Brian Clarke
Debt progression policy Resources Priorities Targeting When to
chase? Routine debt progression methods — Action plan — Using the
local agent When initial approaches get no result Local assistance
Personal visits Debt restructuring Legal action Recommended
reading
19 Exchange controls 285
Hans Belcsak
Introduction From fixed to floating exchange rates Dealing with the
risk of convertible currency volatility Spot transactions Forward
transactions Options Dealing with the risk of inconvertibility
Summary of exchange controls Sovereign risk Transfer or convert¬
ibility risk Precautions Options when it is too late for precautions
PART VH FINANCE AND CASH/CURRENCY MANAGEMENT
20 Export Finance Techniques in Europe 303
Dr Hans Werner Hauck and WBeatHaenni
The credit manager s evolving role Organization and responsibility
Relationship with banks — Mobilizing trade and export finance facilities
Recourse Sources of trade finance Export houses Factoring and
invoice discounting Discounting accepted drafts/bills of exchange
Forfaiting — Aid programmes — Transmission of funds European co¬
ordination centres Conclusion — Recommended reading
CONTENTS iX
21 Export Finance Techniques in the USA 316
Albert A Cannistra
Short term financing Commercial banks Eximbank Local state gov¬
ernment — Countertrade — Letters of credit Bank guarantees
Discounting accepted drafts/bills of exchange Export finance and
confirming houses — Factoring Export credit insurance Captive
insurance companies for export risks Forfeiting Government related
sources — Arbitration in resolving international disputes — Sources of
business opportunities Recommended reading
22 Foreign exchange exposure management 328
Nick Douch
Types of exposure Techniques for handling currency exposures —
Non market or internal methods Market methods Spot exchange
rates Forward exchange rates Currency accounts Currency futures
Currency options — Currency Swaps — Using the techniques to hedge
different types of exposure Summary — Recommended reading
23 International treasury/cash management 347
Paul Nicolaisen and Steve Fletcher
Liquidity management Cash forecasting Bank relationships
Payment systems — Cash concentration techniques — Surplus funds —
Bank credit facilities Settlement of inter company accounts Tax con¬
siderations — Cross border funding and investing model Financial risk
management Automating the treasury operation The case for cen¬
tralizing international treasury — Minimizing banking costs Managing
blocked funds Conclusion Recommended reading
PARTVm INTERNATIONAL LAW
24 Legal and regulatory issues 363
DrMarkHoyle
Pre emptive measures Language Law of Contract Arbitration
Enforcement of judgements Contract guarantees Changes to the
contract Force majeure and frustration Reservation of title
Harmonizing laws and rules Political considerations The GATT
Sovereign immunity Conclusion Recommended reading
PART EX ORGANIZATION AND SYSTEMS
25 Organization and policy 373
Thomas Auchterlonie
Functions Credit policy Organization Accountabilities Measures
Goals Harmony with control Reconciliation Marginal Risk/incre¬
mental sales Collection Visiting the customer Personnel selection
Training and the credit manual Comment
X HANDBOOK OF INTERNATIONAL CREDIT MANAGEMENT
26 Supporting systems 386
Robert T Lambert
Scope of credit systems Intercompany accounting Risk assessment
Collection Bad and doubtful debts provision Integration with other
systems — Computer versus manual systems — Stages of computer sys¬
tems design — Conclusion
27 Total Quality and Process Management 403
Mark Clark
Total Quality Management background Management of credit and
accounts receivable processes — The process management cycle —
Organization implications and directions Conclusion Recommended
reading
APPENDIX
Sources of advice and assistance 417
Brian Clarke
The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) Chambers of com¬
merce DTI/FCO Overseas Trade Services (UK) The US Department
of Commerce Trade facilitation agencies International agencies
Trade associations and groups FCIB NACM Corporation National
Institutes of Credit Management The Institute of Export (UK) The
British Exporters Association.
Index 429
LIST OF FIGURES
1.1 International credit management flowchart 8
5.1 The iceberg of credit risk 45
14.1 Ten features of a bill of exchange 176
14.2 Bill drawn in a set 177
14.3 Acceptance of a bill of exchange 179
14.4 Negotiation by endorsement of bill of exchange 183
14.5 An English act of protest 188
14.6 Example of a promissory note 191
15.1 Documentary collections 199
15.2 Form of application for documentary remittance 206
15.3 Form of direct collection letter (DCL) 208
17.1 Barter 247
17.2 A classic counterpurchase structure 249
17.3 A classic counterpurchase structure showing the banking
arrangements 249
17.4 Compensation or buy back 251
17.5 Bilateral clearing accounts 254
17.6 Switch trading 254
17.7 Countertrade to redeem overdue debt 264
19.1 Options available to central banks for exchange rate determination 287
20.1 The organization of liquidity management 305
26.1 Monthly country risk exposure report 391
26.2 Country recommended terms report 392
26.3 Print out of a country file 393
27.1 Productivity model 404
27.2 Saving achieved through DSO reduction 405
27.3 Process management cycle 406
27.4 Internal client survey for the credit and accounts receivable
departments 407
27.5 Directions in credit and accounts receivable management 412
xi
LIST OF TABLES
5.1 Effect of overdue debts on profit 45
5.2 Extra sales needed to recover bad debts 46
8.1 DSO (days sales outstanding) using count back method 100
14.1 Bills of exchange comparison of key points under three systems 174
16.1 Seller v buyer: their opposing interests 230
19.1 Selected New York closing rates 291
25.1 Characteristics of environments 374
25.2 Performance 377
25.3 Relative responsibilities 380
25.4 Risk classification 381
25.5 Overdue debts: convergence of interests 382
25.6 Field work 383
26.1 Worksheet for doubtful accounts reserve 396
xiii
|
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| discipline | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:55:14Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0566075768 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-007047451 |
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| publisher | Gower |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Handbook of international credit management ed. by Brian W. Clarke 2. ed. Aldershot [u.a.] Gower 1995 XXIII, 439 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Crédit - Gestion ram Entreprises multinationales - Finances ram Financieel management gtt Internationale ondernemingen gtt Krediet gtt Multinationales Unternehmen Credit Management International business enterprises Finance Finanzierung (DE-588)4017182-6 gnd rswk-swf Kreditmanagement (DE-588)4138463-5 gnd rswk-swf Welthandel (DE-588)4065365-1 gnd rswk-swf Multinationales Unternehmen (DE-588)4075092-9 gnd rswk-swf Auslandsgeschäft (DE-588)4003763-0 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Auslandsgeschäft (DE-588)4003763-0 s Kreditmanagement (DE-588)4138463-5 s DE-604 Multinationales Unternehmen (DE-588)4075092-9 s Finanzierung (DE-588)4017182-6 s 1\p DE-604 Welthandel (DE-588)4065365-1 s 2\p DE-604 3\p DE-604 Clarke, Brian W. Sonstige oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007047451&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk 2\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk 3\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Handbook of international credit management Crédit - Gestion ram Entreprises multinationales - Finances ram Financieel management gtt Internationale ondernemingen gtt Krediet gtt Multinationales Unternehmen Credit Management International business enterprises Finance Finanzierung (DE-588)4017182-6 gnd Kreditmanagement (DE-588)4138463-5 gnd Welthandel (DE-588)4065365-1 gnd Multinationales Unternehmen (DE-588)4075092-9 gnd Auslandsgeschäft (DE-588)4003763-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4017182-6 (DE-588)4138463-5 (DE-588)4065365-1 (DE-588)4075092-9 (DE-588)4003763-0 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Handbook of international credit management |
| title_auth | Handbook of international credit management |
| title_exact_search | Handbook of international credit management |
| title_full | Handbook of international credit management ed. by Brian W. Clarke |
| title_fullStr | Handbook of international credit management ed. by Brian W. Clarke |
| title_full_unstemmed | Handbook of international credit management ed. by Brian W. Clarke |
| title_short | Handbook of international credit management |
| title_sort | handbook of international credit management |
| topic | Crédit - Gestion ram Entreprises multinationales - Finances ram Financieel management gtt Internationale ondernemingen gtt Krediet gtt Multinationales Unternehmen Credit Management International business enterprises Finance Finanzierung (DE-588)4017182-6 gnd Kreditmanagement (DE-588)4138463-5 gnd Welthandel (DE-588)4065365-1 gnd Multinationales Unternehmen (DE-588)4075092-9 gnd Auslandsgeschäft (DE-588)4003763-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Crédit - Gestion Entreprises multinationales - Finances Financieel management Internationale ondernemingen Krediet Multinationales Unternehmen Credit Management International business enterprises Finance Finanzierung Kreditmanagement Welthandel Auslandsgeschäft Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007047451&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT clarkebrianw handbookofinternationalcreditmanagement |