Linguistic categorization: prototypes in linguistic theory
This book explores the far-reaching implications for linguistic theory of Eleanor Rosch's seminal work on categorization. A common assumption has been that all members of a category necessarily share a common set of attributes. Rosch's work suggests, instead, that categories are definable...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford
Clarendon Press
1995
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| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | This book explores the far-reaching implications for linguistic theory of Eleanor Rosch's seminal work on categorization. A common assumption has been that all members of a category necessarily share a common set of attributes. Rosch's work suggests, instead, that categories are definable in the first instance in terms of best examples, or 'prototypes', and that things get associated with the category on the basis of some kind of similarity with the prototype. The book articulates a number of assumptions and constructs which have become known, especially through the work of George Lakoff and Ronald Langacker, as Cognitive Linguistics. It contributes to a better understanding of this important trend in linguistic research, and will be of interest not only to linguists but also to students of neighbouring disciplines For this second edition the author has written an additional chapter which surveys the latest developments in the field, concentrating particularly on lexical semantics |
| Beschreibung: | XIII, 312 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0198700121 019870013X |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804124914995691520 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | LINGUISTIC
CATEGORIZATION
Prototypes in Linguistic Theory
JOHN R TAYLOR
Second Edition
CLARENDON PRESS • OXFORD
Contents
B
Typographical Conventions
1 The Categorization of Colour
1 1 Why colour terms?
1 2 Arbitrariness
1 3 An alternative approach: focal colours
1 4 Autonomous linguistics vs cognitive linguistics
2 The Classical Approach to Categorization
2 1 Aristotle
2 2 The classical approach in linguistics: phonology
2 3 The classical approach in semantics
3 Prototype Categories: I
3 1 Wittgenstein
3 2 Prototypes: an alternative to the classical theory
3 3 Basic level terms
3 4 Why prototype categories?
35A note on fuzziness
3 6 Some applications
4 Prototype Categories: II
4 1 Prototypes
4 2 Prototypes and schemas
4 3 Folk categories and expert categories
4 4 Hedges
5 Linguistic and Encyclopaedic Knowledge
5 1 Domains and schemas
5 2 Frames and scripts
5 3 Perspectivization
XV
- • 8 4
xii Contents
5 4 Frames and scripts in language comprehension
5 5 Fake °
5 6 Real
6 Polysemy and Meaning Chains
6 1 Monosemous and polysemous categories
6 2 An illustration: Climb
6 3 Over
6 4 Some problems
7 Category Extension: Metonymy and Metaphor
7 1 Metonymy
7 2 Metaphor
8 Polysemous Categories in Morphology and Syntax
8 1 The diminutive
8 2 The past tense
83A note on yes-no questions
9 Polysemous Categories in Intonation
9 1 The problem of intonational meaning
9 2 The meanings of falling and rising tones
9 3 High key
10 Grammatical Categories
10 1 Words, affixes, and clitics
10 2 Grammatical categories
10 3 The semantic basis of grammatical categories
11 Syntactic Constructions as Prototype Categories 197
11 1 Constructions * 198
112 The possessive genitive ^ 202
11 3 The transitive construction 206
11 4 The transitive construction: more marginal members 210
Contents xiii
11 5 Metaphorical extension of syntactic constructions 215
11 6 A comparison with German o 218
11 7 Concluding remarks 220
12 Prototype Categories in Phonology 222
12 1 Phoneme categories 223
12 2 The gradience of phoneme categories 230
12 3 The syllable as a construction 234
13 The Acquisition of Categories 239
13 1 Hypothesized acquisition routes 240
13 2 Grammatical categories 243
13 3 Conceptual development 247
13 4 Word meanings 252
14 Recent Developments (1995) 257
14 1 Overview of prototypicality 258
14 2 Prototypes and basic level terms 261
14 3 Polysemy and the two-level approach 264
14 4 Two illustrations: in and round 271
14 5 Polysemy and the network model 281
14 6 The historical perspective 290
14 7 Epilogue: on zebras and quaggas 294
References 291
Index 311
|
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| language | English |
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| spelling | Taylor, John R. 1944- Verfasser (DE-588)128593202 aut Linguistic categorization prototypes in linguistic theory John R. Taylor 2. ed. Oxford Clarendon Press 1995 XIII, 312 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier This book explores the far-reaching implications for linguistic theory of Eleanor Rosch's seminal work on categorization. A common assumption has been that all members of a category necessarily share a common set of attributes. Rosch's work suggests, instead, that categories are definable in the first instance in terms of best examples, or 'prototypes', and that things get associated with the category on the basis of some kind of similarity with the prototype. The book articulates a number of assumptions and constructs which have become known, especially through the work of George Lakoff and Ronald Langacker, as Cognitive Linguistics. It contributes to a better understanding of this important trend in linguistic research, and will be of interest not only to linguists but also to students of neighbouring disciplines For this second edition the author has written an additional chapter which surveys the latest developments in the field, concentrating particularly on lexical semantics Cognitieve linguïstiek gtt Categorization (Linguistics) Cognitive grammar Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) Semantics Kognitive Grammatik (DE-588)4232699-0 gnd rswk-swf Prototyp Linguistik (DE-588)4442346-9 gnd rswk-swf Grammatische Kategorie (DE-588)4071984-4 gnd rswk-swf Grammatische Kategorie (DE-588)4071984-4 s Prototyp Linguistik (DE-588)4442346-9 s DE-604 Kognitive Grammatik (DE-588)4232699-0 s HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006984745&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Taylor, John R. 1944- Linguistic categorization prototypes in linguistic theory Cognitieve linguïstiek gtt Categorization (Linguistics) Cognitive grammar Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) Semantics Kognitive Grammatik (DE-588)4232699-0 gnd Prototyp Linguistik (DE-588)4442346-9 gnd Grammatische Kategorie (DE-588)4071984-4 gnd |
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| title | Linguistic categorization prototypes in linguistic theory |
| title_auth | Linguistic categorization prototypes in linguistic theory |
| title_exact_search | Linguistic categorization prototypes in linguistic theory |
| title_full | Linguistic categorization prototypes in linguistic theory John R. Taylor |
| title_fullStr | Linguistic categorization prototypes in linguistic theory John R. Taylor |
| title_full_unstemmed | Linguistic categorization prototypes in linguistic theory John R. Taylor |
| title_short | Linguistic categorization |
| title_sort | linguistic categorization prototypes in linguistic theory |
| title_sub | prototypes in linguistic theory |
| topic | Cognitieve linguïstiek gtt Categorization (Linguistics) Cognitive grammar Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) Semantics Kognitive Grammatik (DE-588)4232699-0 gnd Prototyp Linguistik (DE-588)4442346-9 gnd Grammatische Kategorie (DE-588)4071984-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Cognitieve linguïstiek Categorization (Linguistics) Cognitive grammar Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) Semantics Kognitive Grammatik Prototyp Linguistik Grammatische Kategorie |
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