Perspectives on thinking and reasoning: essays in honour of Peter Wason
Gespeichert in:
| Weitere Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Hove [u.a.]
Erlbaum
1995
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | X, 309 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0863773583 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Perspectives on
Thinking and
Reasoning
Essays in Honour of Peter Wason
Edited by
Stephen E Newstead
and
Jonathan St B T Evans
Department of Psychology,
University of Plymouth
/a LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOCIATES, PUBLISHERS
Hove (UK) Hillsdale (USA)
Contents
Contributors ix
1 Creating a Psychology of Reasoning: The Contribution of
Peter Wason 1
Jonathan St B T Evans and Stephen E Newstead
Origins of the psychology of reasoning and the British
tradition 2
The Wason 2-4-6 problem 5
The Wason selection task 7
The THOG problem 10
Overview of this book 12
Acknowledgements 14
References 14
2 The Effects of Rule Clarification, Decision Justification,
and Selection Instruction on Wason s Abstract Selection
Task 17
Richard A Griggs
Introduction 17
Rule clarification 19
iv CONTENTS
Decision justification 25
Selection instruction 28
The Platt and Griggs experiments 32
Synthesis 34
Acknowledgements 36
References 36
3 Content Effects in Wason s Selection Task 41
Roger L Dominowski
Content effects with syllogisms 41
Wason s selection task 43
Differences among thematic problems 50
Differences among arbitrary problems 53
Processing considerations 55
Final comments 62
Note 63
References 63
4 Pragmatic Reasoning about Human Voluntary Action:
Evidence from Wason s Selection Task 67
Keith J Holyoak and Patricia W Cheng
Introduction 67
Pragmatic schemas for permission and obligation 68
Facilitation with abstract deontic rules 71
Perspective effects in deontic reasoning 75
Conclusion 86
Notes 87
Acknowledgements 88
References 88
5 Deontic Reasoning 91
Ken I Manktelow and David E Over
Introduction: Content effects and the deontic context
in reasoning 91
Recent experiments: Subjective utility and
social perspective 96
Schemas and models in the explanation of
deontic reasoning 103
CONTENTS
Deontic reasoning and decision making 107
Conclusions 112
References 112
6 Inference and Mental Models 115
Philip N Johnson-Laird
Introduction 115
The theory of mental models 116
Models and sentential reasoning 119
When or means and: An unexpected prediction 127
Some apparent difficulties for the theory
of conditionals 128
The phenomena of the selection task 132
How the model theory explains the selection task 136
Conclusions 141
Acknowledgements 144
References 144
7 Relevance and Reasoning 147
Jonathan St B T Evans
Theoretical background 148
Relevance in the Wason selection task 154
Conclusions 168
Note 169
References 169
8 The Abstract Selection Task: Thesis, Antithesis,
and Synthesis 173
David W Green
Thesis and antithesis 174
Task variants 177
Synthesis 181
Conclusion 185
Acknowledgements 186
References 186
vi CONTENTS
9 Finding Logic in Human Reasoning Requires Looking in
the Right Places 189
David P O Brien
Wason s selection task 191
Mental-logic theory 197
Some empirical support for mental-logic theory 205
Closing comments 210
Notes 212
Acknowledgements 213
References 213
10 Hypothesis Testing 217
Michael E Gorman
Wason s 2-4-6 task 217
Counterfactual reasoning 228
Increasing ecological validity 231
Conclusions 235
Notes 237
Acknowledgements 238
References 238
11 Scientific Reasoning 241
Ryan D Tweney and Susan T Chitwood
Traditions in the cognitive psychology of science 242
The Wason tradition in scientific reasoning 250
Conclusions 255
Notes 257
Acknowledgements 257
References 257
12 The THOG Problem and its Implications for Human
Reasoning 261
Stephen E Newstead, Vittorio Girotto, and Paolo Legrenzi
The origin and nature of the problem 261
Early research on the problem 263
The effects of realism 267
The source of intuitive errors 271
Confusion theory 274
CONTENTS vii
Individual differences 277
Theoretical considerations 278
Concluding comments 283
Note 284
Acknowledgements 284
References 284
13 Creativity in Research 287
Peter Wason
Background 287
Creativity 288
Fakes and flukes 288
Research strategy 290
Methodology 291
Reporting research 292
A study in prejudice 293
The selection task as a picture of creative effort 295
Acknowledgements 298
References 299
Author Index 302
Subject Index 306
|
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| spellingShingle | Perspectives on thinking and reasoning essays in honour of Peter Wason Wason, P. C. 1924-2003 (DE-588)130207349 gnd Reasoning (Psychology) Thought and thinking Kognitiver Prozess (DE-588)4140177-3 gnd Psychologie (DE-588)4047704-6 gnd Schlussfolgern (DE-588)4251178-1 gnd Kognitive Psychologie (DE-588)4073586-2 gnd Denken (DE-588)4011450-8 gnd |
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| title | Perspectives on thinking and reasoning essays in honour of Peter Wason |
| title_auth | Perspectives on thinking and reasoning essays in honour of Peter Wason |
| title_exact_search | Perspectives on thinking and reasoning essays in honour of Peter Wason |
| title_full | Perspectives on thinking and reasoning essays in honour of Peter Wason ed. by Stephen E. Newstead ... |
| title_fullStr | Perspectives on thinking and reasoning essays in honour of Peter Wason ed. by Stephen E. Newstead ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Perspectives on thinking and reasoning essays in honour of Peter Wason ed. by Stephen E. Newstead ... |
| title_short | Perspectives on thinking and reasoning |
| title_sort | perspectives on thinking and reasoning essays in honour of peter wason |
| title_sub | essays in honour of Peter Wason |
| topic | Wason, P. C. 1924-2003 (DE-588)130207349 gnd Reasoning (Psychology) Thought and thinking Kognitiver Prozess (DE-588)4140177-3 gnd Psychologie (DE-588)4047704-6 gnd Schlussfolgern (DE-588)4251178-1 gnd Kognitive Psychologie (DE-588)4073586-2 gnd Denken (DE-588)4011450-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Wason, P. C. 1924-2003 Reasoning (Psychology) Thought and thinking Kognitiver Prozess Psychologie Schlussfolgern Kognitive Psychologie Denken Aufsatzsammlung Festschrift Konferenzschrift 1992 Plymouth |
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