Tropical pathology: with 69 tables
Gespeichert in:
Format: | Buch |
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Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
1995
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Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
Schriftenreihe: | Spezielle pathologische Anatomie
8 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XLIV, 1379 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
ISBN: | 3540576738 0387576738 |
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245 | 1 | 0 | |a Tropical pathology |b with 69 tables |c contributors T. G. Ashworth ... |
250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
264 | 1 | |a Berlin [u.a.] |b Springer |c 1995 | |
300 | |a XLIV, 1379 S. |b zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | TROPICAL PATHOLOGY CONTRIBUTORS T.G.ASHWORTH * E.M.ANDERSEN *
R.C.BALLARD * M.BARRAL-NETTO A. L. BITTENCOURT * V BOONPUCKNAVIG * H.J.
DIESFELD A. L. FREINKEL * J. M. GOLDSMID * M. J. HALE * C. ISAACSON M.
ISAACSON * H. ITAKURA * T. JENKINS * R. O. C. KASCHULA
H.H.M.KNOX-MACAULAY * A.T.LONDERO * S.LUCAS * A.M.MARTY W.M.MEYERS *
A.E.MILLS * A.C.PATERSON * A.G.ROSE I. W. SIMSON * B. SINNIAH * R.
SINNIAH * K. TORIYAMA A. R. P. WALKER * S.R.ZAKI WITH 610 FIGURES AND 69
TABLES SPRINGER XII CONTENTS CHAPTER 2 GEOMEDICINE H. J. DLESFELD A.
INTRODUCTION 25 B. EARLY HISTORY OF GEOMEDICINE 26 C. THE EVOLUTION OF
GEOMEDICAL RESEARCH 29 I. EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA 29 1. GERMANY 29 2.
FRANCE 30 3. UNITED KINGDOM 31 4. UNITED STATES 32 5. CANADA 33 6.
SCANDINAVIA 33 7. SOVIET UNION 33 II. ASIA 34 III. AFRICA 35 IV LATIN
AMERICA 36 D. CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS 36 E. METHODS AND EXAMPLES OF
GEOMEDICAL RESEARCH 43 I. METHODS 43 II. EXAMPLES OF GEOMEDICAL RESEARCH
46 1. DISEASE MAPPING 46 2. GEOCANCEROLOGY 46 3. DISEASE DIFFUSION 46 F.
FUTURE PROSPECTS OF THE GEOGRAPHY OF HEALTH 49 REFERENCES 52 CHAPTER 3
GENETIC DISEASES IN THE TROPICS T. JENKINS A. INTRODUCTION 61 B. GENETIC
VARIATION AND DISEASE: ECOGENETICS 64 I. PHYSICAL AGENTS 65 1. COLD
STRESS 65 2. HEAT ADAPTATION 66 3. HIGH ALTITUDE ADAPTATION 66 4.
ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT 67 A) ALBINISM 67 B) XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM 72 CONTENTS
XIII II. CHEMICAL AGENTS 73 1. PSEUDOCHOLINESTERASE VARIATION 73 2.
ACETYLTRANSFERASE VARIATION 74 3. PARAOXONASE VARIATION 77 4. ALCOHOLISM
AND GENETICS 78 III. INFECTIOUS AGENTS 78 1. BLOOD GROUPS AND OTHER
NORMAL TRAITS 79 2. MANNOSE BINDING PROTEIN 81 3. SIXTH COMPONENT OF
COMPLEMENT DEFICIENCY 82 4. FUNGAL INFECTIONS 82 IV NUTRITIONAL FACTORS
83 1. PERSISTENT HEREDITARY INTESTINAL LACTASE ACTIVITY 83 2. DIETARY
IRON OVERLOAD 86 3. METABOLIC DISEASES PROBABLY DUE TO DIETARY CHANGE .
. . . 87 4. CORONARY HEART DISEASE AND HYPERTENSION 91 A) CORONARY HEART
DISEASE 91 B) HYPERTENSION 93 C. CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS 94 I.
INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITIONS 94 II. INCIDENCE IN THE TROPICS 95 III.
DOWN SYNDROME IN THE TROPICS 99 D. CONSANGUINITY AND GENETIC DISEASE .
101 E. THE BURDEN OF GENETIC DISEASE IN THE TROPICS 106 I. GENETIC
DISEASES AND PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE TROPICS 108 II. GENETIC SERVICES AND
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE 110 F. CONCLUSION 113 REFERENCES 114 INFECTIOUS
DISEASES CHAPTER 4 NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF INFECTIOUS
DISEASE S. R. ZAKI AND A. M. MARTY A. INTRODUCTION V . . . . 127 B.
NUCLEIC ACID HYBRIDIZATION ; . . . 128 I. PRINCIPLES /. . . . 128 II.
NUCLEIC ACID PROBES 128 III. LABELING AND DETECTION OF NUCLEIC ACID
PROBES 130 XIV CONTENTS IV HYBRIDIZATION FORMATS 131 1. SOLID SUPPORT
HYBRIDIZATION 131 2. IN SOLUTION HYBRIDIZATION 133 3. IN SITU
HYBRIDIZATION 134 V NUCLEIC ACID AMPLIFICATION 135 VI. ANALYSIS OF
NUCLEIC ACIDS IN ARCHIVAL TISSUES 136 VII. APPLICATIONS IN INFECTIOUS
DISEASE DIAGNOSIS AND RESEARCH . . 137 C. IMMUNOASSAYS 140 D. NEW
LABORATORY INSTRUMENTATION 141 I. RECOMBINANT GENE PRODUCTS AND
SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES 141 II. FLOW CYTOMETRY 142 E. SUMMARY 145 REFERENCES
145 BACTERIAL DISEASES CHAPTER 5 INTESTINAL BACTERIAL INFECTIONS M.
ISAACSON AND M. J. HALE A. DIARRHOEAGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI 157 I.
EPIDEMIOLOGY 157 II. CLINICAL FEATURES 158 III. PATHOGENESIS AND
PATHOLOGY 159 IV LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 160 B. CHOLERA 161 I.
EPIDEMIOLOGY 161 II. CLINICAL FEATURES 162 III. PATHOGENESIS 163 IV
PATHOLOGY 163 V LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 164 C. SHIGELLOSIS 164 I.
EPIDEMIOLOGY 165 II. CLINICAL FEATURES 165 III. PATHOGENESIS 166 IV
PATHOLOGY 167 V LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 168 D. TYPHOID FEVER ,. . . 168
I. EPIDEMIOLOGY 168 II. CLINICAL FEATURES 169 CONTENTS XV III.
PATHOGENESIS 169 IV PATHOLOGY 171 V LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 174
REFERENCES 175 CHAPTER 6 NON-INTESTINAL BACTERIAL INFECTIONS M. ISAACSON
AND M. J. HALE A. PLAGUE 179 I. EPIDEMIOLOGY 179 II. CLINICAL FEATURES
180 III. PATHOGENESIS. 182 IV PATHOLOGY . 184 V LABORATORY CONFIRMATION
186 B. BRUCELLOSIS 187 I. EPIDEMIOLOGY 187 II. CLINICAL FEATURES 188
III. PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOLOGY 189 IV LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 192 C.
MELIOIDOSIS (WHITMORE S DISEASE) 193 I. EPIDEMIOLOGY 193 II. CLINICAL
FEATURES 193 III. PATHOGENESIS 194 IV PATHOLOGY 195 V LABORATORY
CONFIRMATION 195 D. ANTHRAX 196 I. EPIDEMIOLOGY 196 II. CLINICAL
FEATURES 197 III. PATHOGENESIS 198 IV PATHOLOGY 200 V LABORATORY
CONFIRMATION 204 E. SCLEROMA (RHINOSCLEROMA) 204 I. EPIDEMIOLOGY 204 II.
CLINICAL FEATURES . . . : 205 III. PATHOGENESIS . . . 206 IV PATHOLOGY
206 V LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 208 F. TROPICAL PYOMYOSITIS 208 I.
EPIDEMIOLOGY / 209 II. CLINICAL FEATURES , 209 III. PATHOGENESIS 210 XVI
CONTENTS IV PATHOLOGY 210 V LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 210 G. CUTANEOUS
DIPHTHERIA 211 I. EPIDEMIOLOGY 211 II. CLINICAL FEATURES 212 III.
PATHOGENESIS 212 IV PATHOLOGY 213 V LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 213 H.
TROPICAL ULCER 213 I. EPIDEMIOLOGY 213 II. CLINICAL FEATURES 214 III.
PATHOGENESIS 215 IV PATHOLOGY 215 V LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 216 J.
BURULI ULCER (SEARLE S ULCER, BAIRNSDALE ULCER, KAKERIFU ULCER, TORO
ULCER) . . 216 K. ACTINOMYCOTIC MYCETOMA AND BOTRYOMYCOSIS 216
REFERENCES 216 CHAPTER 7 SPIROCHAETAL AND LEPTOSPIRAL DISEASES R.
SINNIAH, V BOONPUCKNAVIG, AND B. SINNIAH A. INTRODUCTION 223 B.
SPIROCHAETAL DISEASES 224 I. SYPHILIS 224 1. SEROLOGICAL TESTS FOR
SYPHILIS 224 2. ACQUIRED SYPHILIS 224 A) PRIMARY SYPHILIS 225 B)
SECONDARY SYPHILIS 225 C) LATENT STAGE SYPHILIS 226 D) TERTIARY SYPHILIS
226 3. CONGENITAL SYPHILIS 230 A) CONGENITAL PULMONARY SYPHILIS
(PNEUMONIA ALBA) . . . . 231 B) CONGENITAL SYPHILITIC HEPATITIS 231 C)
STIGMATA OF CONGENITAL SYPHILIS. . 232 II. ENDEMIC TREPONEMATOSES
(NON-VENEREAL) 232 1. YAWS . 232 A) EARLY YAWS 233 B) LATE YAWS 233 2.
NON-VENEREAL ENDEMIC SYPHILIS 235 A) BEJEL 235 B) PINTA 236 CONTENTS
XVII C. LEPTOSPIRAL DISEASES 236 I. LEPTOSPIROSIS (WEIL S DISEASE) 236
II. BORRELIA INFECTIONS 243 1. RELAPSING FEVER 243 2. LYME DISEASE 245
D. TROPICAL PHAGEDENIC ULCER 246 REFERENCES 247 CHAPTER 8 INFECTIONS
CAUSED BY RICKETTSIAE AND RICKETTSIA-LIKE ORGANISMS AND BARTONELLOSIS M.
ISAACSON AND M. J. HALE A. RICKETTSIAL INFECTIONS 253 I. THE TYPHUS
GROUP OF INFECTIONS 253 1. EPIDEMIC TYPHUS FEVER 254 A) EPIDEMIOLOGY .
254 B) CLINICAL FEATURES 254 C) PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOLOGY 255 D)
LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 258 2. ENDEMIC (MURINE) TYPHUS FEVER 258 A)
EPIDEMIOLOGY 258 B) CLINICAL FEATURES 259 C) PATHOLOGY 259 D) LABORATORY
CONFIRMATION 259 II. THE SPOTTED FEVER GROUP OF INFECTIONS 259 1. ROCKY
MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER 261 A) GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION 261 B) CLINICAL
FEATURES 261 C) PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOLOGY 262 D) LABORATORY
CONFIRMATION 263 2. OTHER SPOTTED FEVERS 264 A) GEOGRAPHICAL
DISTRIBUTION 264 B) CLINICAL FEATURES 264 C) PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOLOGY
. . 266 D) LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 268 3. RICKETTSIAL POX 268 A)
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION 268 B) CLINICAL FEATURES ..... 268 C)
PATHOLOGY 268 D) LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 269 XVIII CONTENTS III.
MISCELLANEOUS RICKETTSIAL INFECTIONS 269 1. SCRUB TYPHUS 269 A)
EPIDEMIOLOGY 269 B) CLINICAL FEATURES 270 C) PATHOLOGY 270 IV LABORATORY
CONFIRMATION OF RICKETTSIAL INFECTIONS 271 B. INFECTIONS CAUSED BY
RICKETTSIA-LIKE ORGANISMS 273 I. QFEVER 273 1. EPIDEMIOLOGY 273 2.
CLINICAL FEATURES 274 3. PATHOGENESIS 275 4. PATHOLOGY 275 5. LABORATORY
CONFIRMATION 276 II. TRENCH FEVER 277 1. EPIDEMIOLOGY 277 2. CLINICAL
FEATURES 277 3. PATHOLOGY 277 4. LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 278 III. OTHER
ROCHALIMAEA-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS 278 IV EHRLICHIAL INFECTIONS 278 1.
EPIDEMIOLOGY 279 A) SENNETSU FEVER 279 B) HUMAN EHRLICHIOSIS 279 2.
CLINICAL FEATURES 279 A) SENNETSU FEVER 279 B) HUMAN EHRLICHIOSIS 279 3.
PATHOLOGY 280 4. LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 280 A) SENNETSU FEVER 280 B)
HUMAN EHRLICHIOSIS 280 C. BARTONELLOSIS 281 I. EPIDEMIOLOGY 281 II.
CLINICAL FEATURES 281 1. OROYA FEVER 281 2. TRANSITION PHASE 282 3.
VERRUCA PERUVIANA 282 III. PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOLOGY 282 IV LABORATORY
CONFIRMATION 284 REFERENCES 284 CONTENTS XIX CHAPTER 9 MYCOBACTERIAL
INFECTIONS OF THE SKIN W. M. MEYERS A. INTRODUCTION 291 B. LEPROSY 294
I. INTRODUCTION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 294 II. CLINICAL FEATURES 297 1.
INDETERMINATE LEPROSY 299 2. POLAR TUBERCULOID LEPROSY 299 3. BORDERLINE
LEPROSY 299 4. POLAR LEPROMATOUS LEPROSY 300 5. NEURITIC LEPROSY . 301
III. PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOLOGY 301 1. IMMUNOLOGY 302 A) LEPROMIN 302 B)
NONSPECIFIC FACTORS 302 C) SPECIFIC FACTORS 303 2. PATHOLOGY 305 A)
INDETERMINATE LEPROSY 305 B) TUBERCULOID LEPROSY 305 C) BORDERLINE
LEPROSY 306 D) LEPROMATOUS LEPROSY 307 E) GENERAL PATHOLOGY OF LEPROSY
313 IV REACTIONS 319 1. REVERSAL REACTIONS 320 2. ERYTHEMA NODOSUM
LEPROSUM 320 3. THERAPY OF REACTIONS 323 V TREATMENT OF LEPROSY 324 1.
CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS 324 A) DAPSONE 324 B) CLOFAZIMINE 324 C)
RIFAMPIN 325 D) THIOAMIDES 325 E) OTHER CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS UNDER
STUDY 325 2. WHO S MULTIDRUG THERAPY 326 3. DETERMINATION OF EFFICACY OF
CHEMOTHERAPY 327 4. IMMUNOTHERAPY AND VACCINATION 328 VI. LEPROSY AND
HIV INFECTION 329 VII. EXPERIMENTAL AND NATURALLY ACQUIRED LEPROSY IN
ANIMALS . . 330 VIII. DIAGNOSIS AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 332 C.
TUBERCULOSIS OF THE SKIN 334 I. PRIMARY TUBERCULOSIS 335 1. PRIMARY
INOCULATION TUBERCULOSIS /...... 335 2. GENERALIZED MILIARY TUBERCULOSIS
(TUBERCULOSIS CUTIS MILIARIS DISSEMINATA) 336 XX CONTENTS II.
REINFECTION TUBERCULOSIS 336 1. LUPUS VULGARIS 337 2. TUBERCULOSIS
VERRUCOSA CUTIS 337 3. SCROFULODERMA 338 4. TUBERCULOSIS CUTIS
ORIFICIALIS 341 III. TUBERCULIDS 341 1. PAPULONECROTIC TUBERCULID . 341
2. LICHEN SCROFULOSORUM 342 3. ERYTHEMA INDURATUM OFBAZIN 342 D.
MYCOBACTERIUM ULCERANS INFECTION (BURULI ULCER) 342 I. INTRODUCTION AND
EPIDEMIOLOGY 342 II. CLINICAL FEATURES 345 III. PATHOGENESIS AND
PATHOLOGY 347 IV TREATMENT 351 V DIAGNOSIS AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
353 E. LESS COMMON MYCOBACTERIAL INFECTIONS 353 I. RAPID-GROWING
MYCOBACTERIA (M. FORTUITUM AND M. CHELONEI) . . . 353 II. SWIMMING POOL
GRANULOMA (M. MARINUM INFECTION) 355 III. M: AVIUM-INTRACELLULARE
COMPLEX (MAC) AND M. SCROFULACEUM 357 IV M. KANSASII INFECTION 358 V M.
HAEMOPHILUM INFECTION 358 VI. M. SZULGAI INFECTION 360 VII. OTHER
MYCOBACTERIA CAUSING CUTANEOUS LESIONS 360 REFERENCES 361 CHAPTER 10
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES IN THE TROPICS R. C. BALLARD AND A. L.
FREINKEL A. INTRODUCTION 379 B. GONORRHOEA 381 C. NON-GONOCOCCAL
URETHRITIS 383 D. ACUTE EPIDIDYMO-ORCHITIS 387 E. ACUTE PELVIC
INFLAMMATORY DISEASE 387 F. TRICHOMONIASIS 389 G. GENITAL CANDIDIASIS
390 H. BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS 391 J. SYPHILIS * * * * 392 I. EARLY SYPHILIS
392 1. PRIMARY SYPHILIS 392 2. SECONDARY SYPHILIS 392 CONTENTS XXI 3.
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SYPHILIS 395 4.
PATHOLOGY OF EARLY SYPHILIS 395 5. LATENT SYPHILIS 395 II. TERTIARY
SYPHILIS 396 1. CUTANEOUS, MUCOSAL AND BONY GUMMAS 396 2. CARDIOVASCULAR
SYPHILIS 397 3. NEUROSYPHILIS 397 4. DIAGNOSIS OF TERTIARY SYPHILIS 397
5. PATHOLOGY OF LATE SYPHILIS 398 III. SYPHILIS IN PREGNANCY 398 IV
CONGENITAL SYPHILIS 398 1. EARLY CONGENITAL SYPHILIS 398 2. LATE
CONGENITAL SYPHILIS 398 3. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CONGENITAL SYPHILIS
400 K. GENITAL HERPES 400 L. CHANCROID 403 M. LYMPHOGRANULOMA VENERUM
406 N. GRANULOMA INGUINALE 408 O. GENITAL WARTS 410 P. MOLLUSCUM
CONTAGIOSUM 413 Q. SCABIES 413 R. PUBIC LICE (PEDICULOSIS PUBIS) 415
REFERENCES 416 VIRAL DISEASES CHAPTER 11 THE VIRAL HAEMORRHAGIC FEVERS
M. ISAACSON AND M. J. HALE I A. MOSQUITO BORNE VIRAL HAEMORRHAGIC FEVERS
421 I. YELLOW FEVER 421 1. EPIDEMIOLOGY 421 2. CLINICAL FEATURES 423 3.
PATHOGENESIS 424 4. PATHOLOGY 425 5. LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 426 II.
DENGUE HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER/DENGUE SHOCK SYNDROME 427 1. EPIDEMIOLOGY 427
2. CLINICAL FEATURES 428 XXII CONTENTS 3. PATHOLOGY 428 4. LABORATORY
CONFIRMATION 430 III. RIFT VALLEY FEVER 430 1. EPIDEMIOLOGY 432 2.
CLINICAL FEATURES 432 3. PATHOLOGY 432 4. LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 433 IV
CHIKUNGUNYA HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER 433 1. EPIDEMIOLOGY 434 2. CLINICAL
FEATURES 434 3. PATHOLOGY 434 4. LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 434 B. TICK
BORNE VIRAL HAEMORRHAGIC FEVERS 435 I. CRIMEAN-CONGO HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER
435 1. EPIDEMIOLOGY 435 2. CLINICAL FEATURES 435 3. PATHOGENESIS,AND
PATHOLOGY 436 4. LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 438 II. OMSK HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER
AND KYASANUR FOREST DISEASE 438 1. EPIDEMIOLOGY 438 2. CLINICAL FEATURES
439 3. PATHOLOGY 439 4. LABORATORY CONFIRMATION 440 C. THE ARENAVIRAL
HAEMORRHAGIC FEVERS 440 I. EPIDEMIOLOGY 441 II. CLINICAL FEATURES 442 1.
ARGENTINIAN AND BOLIVIAN HAEMORRHAGIC FEVERS . . . . . . . 442 2.
VENEZUELAN HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER 443 3. LASSA FEVER 443 III. PATHOGENESIS
445 IV PATHOLOGY 447 1. ARGENTINIAN AND BOLIVIAN HAEMORRHAGIC FEVERS 447
2. VENEZUELAN HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER 447 3. LASSA FEVER 448 V LABORATORY
CONFIRMATION 450 D. FILOVIRAL HAEMORRHAGIC FEVERS 450 I. EPIDEMIOLOGY
451 II. CLINICAL FEATURES 452 III. PATHOLOGY 453 1. MARBURG VIRUS
DISEASE 453 2. EBOLA HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER 455 IV LABORATORY CONFIRMATION *
457 E. HANTAVIRUS INFECTIONS 458 I. EPIDEMIOLOGY 458 II. CLINICAL
FEATURES 459 CONTENTS XXIII III. PATHOLOGY 460 IV LABORATORY
CONFIRMATION 461 F. HAEMORRHAGIC SMALLPOX 462 I. EPIDEMIOLOGY 462 II.
CLINICAL FEATURES 463 III. PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOLOGY 464 IV LABORATORY
CONFIRMATION 466 REFERENCES 466 PROTOZOAL DISEASES CHAPTER 12 INTESTINAL
PROTOZOA A. E. MILLS AND J. M. GOLDSMID A. GIARDIA DUODENALIS 478 I.
INTRODUCTION 478 II. LIFE CYCLE AND TRANSMISSION 479 III. DISTRIBUTION
AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 481 IV PATHOGENESIS AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY 482 V PATHOLOGY
OF GIARDIASIS 484 VI. DIAGNOSIS 486 B. DIENTAMOEBAFRAGILIS 486 I.
INTRODUCTION 486 II. LIFE CYCLE AND TRANSMISSION 487 III. DISTRIBUTION
AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 487 IV PATHOGENESIS AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY 487 V DIAGNOSIS
488 C. ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA 488 I. INTRODUCTION 488 II. LIFE CYCLE AND
TRANSMISSION 489 III. DISTRIBUTION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 491 IV PATHOGENESIS,
SYMPTOMATOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY 493 1. LUMINAL AMOEBIASIS 493 2. INVASIVE
AMOEBIASIS 494 A) INTESTINAL AMOEBIASIS 495 B) EXTRA-INTESTINAL
AMOEBIASIS 501 V DIAGNOSIS 504 : 1. LUMINAL AMOEBIASIS * * * * 505 2.
INTESTINAL INVASIVE AMOEBIASIS . . . 507 A) PARASITE RECOVERY . . .
507 B) SEROLOGY 507 XXIV CONTENTS 3. EXTRA-INTESTINAL INVASIVE
AMOEBIASIS 508 A) ASPIRATION 508 B) SEROLOGY 508 D. LIMAX AND LEPTOMYXID
AMOEBAE 509 I. INTRODUCTION 509 II. LIFE CYCLE AND TRANSMISSION 509 III.
DISTRIBUTION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 510 IV PATHOGENESIS AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY 510
V PATHOLOGY OF LIMAX AND LEPTOMYXID AMOEBIASIS 511 VI. DIAGNOSIS 512 E.
BLASTOCYSTIS HOMINIS 513 I. INTRODUCTION 513 II. LIFE CYCLE AND
TRANSMISSION 513 III. DISTRIBUTION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 513 IV PATHOGENESIS
AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY 513 V PATHOLOGY OF BLASTOCYSTOSIS 514 VI. DIAGNOSIS
515 F. BALANTIDIUM COLI 515 I. INTRODUCTION. 515 II. LIFE CYCLE AND
TRANSMISSION 515 III. DISTRIBUTION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 517 IV PATHOGENESIS
AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY 517 V PATHOLOGY OF BALANTIDIASIS 518 VI. DIAGNOSIS
520 G. ISOSPORA BELLI 520 I. INTRODUCTION 520 II. LIFE CYCLE AND
TRANSMISSION 520 III. DISTRIBUTION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 521 IV. PATHOGENESIS
AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY 522 V. PATHOLOGY OF ISOSPORIASIS 522 VI. DIAGNOSIS
523 1. STOOL EXAMINATION 523 2. BIOPSY 523 H. SARCOCYSTIS SPECIES 524 I.
INTRODUCTION 524 II. LIFE CYCLE AND TRANSMISSION 524 III. DISTRIBUTION
AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 526 IV PATHOGENESIS AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY 527 V PATHOLOGY
OF SARCOSPORIDIOSIS 527 1. INTESTINAL SARCOSPORIDIOSIS 527 2.
EXTRA-INTESTINAL SARCOSPORIDIOSIS 528 VI. DIAGNOSIS 529 J.
CRYPTOSPORIDIUM SPECIES 530 I. INTRODUCTION 530 II. LIFE CYCLE AND
TRANSMISSION 530 III. DISTRIBUTION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 531 CONTENTS XXV IV
PATHOGENESIS AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY 532 V PATHOLOGY OF CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS 532
VI. DIAGNOSIS 533 K. MICROSPORIDIOSIS 535 I. INTRODUCTION 535 II. LIFE
CYCLE AND TRANSMISSION 535 III. DISTRIBUTION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 536 IV
PATHOGENESIS AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY 536 V PATHOLOGY OF MICROSPORIDIOSIS 537
1. INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIOSIS 537 2. EXTRA-INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIOSIS
538 VI. DIAGNOSIS OF MICROSPORIDIOSIS 538 1. INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIOSIS
538 2. EXTRA-INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIOSIS 539 L TOXOPLASMA GONDII 539 I.
INTRODUCTION 539 II. DISTRIBUTION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 539 III. PATHOGENESIS
AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY 542 IV PATHOLOGY OF TOXOPLASMOSIS 545 V DIAGNOSIS 546
REFERENCES 550 CHAPTER 13 MALARIA A. M. MARTY AND E. M. ANDERSEN A.
EPIDEMIOLOGY 557 B. THE PARASITES 558 C. LIFE CYCLE 558 D. TRANSMISSION
560 E. SUSCEPTIBILITY AND MANIFESTATION OF DISEASE 560 F. PATHOGENESIS
AND CLINICOPATHOLOGIC FEATURES . . 562 I. FEVER . 564 II. ANEMIA 566
III. LIVER DAMAGE . 566 IV ALTERATIONS TO THE SPLEEN 567 V
GASTROINTESTINAL DAMAGE 567 VI. RENAL DAMAGE 568 VII. THROMBOCYTOPENIA
AND CLOTTING DEFECTS 568 VIII. PULMONARY DAMAGE 569 IX. CEREBRAL INJURY
569 G. GROSS AND MICROSCOPIC PATHOLOGY OF FATAL FALCIPARUM MALARIA . . .
570 I. BRAIN 570 II. KIDNEY 571 XXVI CONTENTS III. LIVER 573 IV SPLEEN
573 V BONE MARROW 577 VI. LYMPHNODES 577 VII. HEART 577 VIII. LUNGS 577
IX. GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT 579 X. PLACENTA 579 H. DIAGNOSIS 581 J.
PROPHYLAXIS AND TREATMENT 589 I. INTRODUCTION 589 II. INDIVIDUAL
MEDICATIONS 589 1. THE 4-AMINOQUINOLINE DRUGS 589 2. THE
8-AMINOQUINOLINE DRUGS 589 3. CINCHONA ALKALOIDS 590 4. DIHYDROFOLATE
REDUCTASE INHIBITORS 590 5. SULFONAMIDES . . 590 6. TETRACYCLINES 590 7.
4-QUINOLINEMETHANOLS AND OTHER NEW DRUGS 591 III. ADDITIONAL DRUGS USED
IN THE TREATMENT OF MALARIA 591 IV OTHER FORMS OF THERAPY 591 K.
PATHOLOGIC COMPLICATIONS OF MALARIAL THERAPY 591 L. VACCINE DEVELOPMENT
592 REFERENCES 593 CHAPTER 14 LEISHMANIASIS A. L. BITTENCOURT AND M.
BARRAL-NETTO A. INTRODUCTION 597 B. PARASITE MORPHOLOGY AND LIFE CYCLE
600 C. CUTANEOUS AND MUCOCUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS 601 I. EPIDEMIOLOGY 601
II. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 602 1. NEW WORLD CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS 602
A) CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS 602 B) MUCOCUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS (ESPUNDIA)
605 2. OLD WORLD CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS (ORIENTAL SORE).... 605 3.
DIFFUSE AND BORDERLINE CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS T 608 III. PATHOGENESIS
. 611 IV PATHOLOGY 613 V IMMUNOLOGY 623 CONTENTS XXVII VI. LABORATORY
DIAGNOSIS 625 VII. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 626 D. VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS
627 I. EPIDEMIOLOGY 627 II. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 627 III.
PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOLOGY 631 IV IMMUNOLOGY 640 V DIAGNOSIS 643 VI.
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 643 REFERENCES 644 CHAPTER 15 TRYPANOSOMIASIS A.
L. BITTENCOURT AND T. G. ASHWORTH A. INTRODUCTION 653 B. AMERICAN
TRYPANOSOMIASIS (CHAGAS DISEASE) (A. L. BITTENCOURT) . 653 I.
INTRODUCTION 653 II. PARASITE MORPHOLOGY AND LIFE CYCLE 655 III.
EPIDEMIOLOGY 655 IV CLINICAL FEATURES 656 1. ACUTE DISEASE 656 2.
CHRONIC INTERDETERMINATE DISEASE 657 3. CHRONIC CARDIAC DISEASE 657 4.
CHRONIC DIGESTIVE DISEASE 658 5. CHRONIC NERVOUS DISEASE 658 6.
CONGENITAL DISEASE 659 V IMMUNOLOGY 659 VI. PATHOGENESIS 660 1. ACUTE
DISEASE 660 2. CHRONIC DISEASE 661 VII. PATHOLOGY 662 1. ACUTE DISEASE
662 2. CHRONIC INTERDETERMINATE DISEASE 668 3. CHRONIC CARDIAC DISEASE
668 A) GROSS ASPECTS 668 B) MICROSCOPIC FEATURES 670 4. CHRONIC
DIGESTIVE DISEASE 673 5. CHRONIC NERVOUS DISEASE 675 6. REACTIVATION OF
CHAGASIC INFECTION 675 7. CONGENITAL DISEASE , 676 A) FETAL AND NEONATAL
ASPECTS : 676 B) PLACENTAL ASPECTS 678 VIII. DIAGNOSIS 678 XXVIII
CONTENTS C. AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS (T. G. ASHWORTH) 681 I. INTRODUCTION
681 II. EPIDEMIOLOGY 681 1. PARASITE MORPHOLOGY AND LIFE CYCLE 681 2.
DISTRIBUTION AND FREQUENCY 683 3. VECTOR * 683 4. HOST-PARASITE
RELATIONSHIP 683 III. CLINICAL FEATURES 684 1. INTRODUCTION 684 2. STAGE
I DISEASE 684 3. STAGE II DISEASE 687 4. CONGENITAL TRANSMISSION 687 5.
COEXISTENT DISEASE AND COMPLICATIONS OF TREATMENT 687 IV PATHOLOGY AND
PATHOGENESIS 688 1. INTRODUCTION 688 2. PATHOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF
STAGE I DISEASE 689 A) GENERAL FEATURES 689 B) INVOLVEMENT OF CHOROID
PLEXUS 691 C) BLOOD-BRAIN AND BLOOD-CSF BARRIERS 693 3. PATHOLOGY OF
STAGE II DISEASE 694 A) INTRODUCTION 694 B) BRAIN 695 4. PATHOGENESIS OF
STAGE II DISEASE 697 A) INTRODUCTION 697 B) IMMUNOLOGICAL MANIFESTATION
697 C) OTHER POSSIBLE PATHOGENIC MECHANISMS 699 V. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
699 REFERENCES 701 MYCOTIC DISEASES CHAPTER 16 TROPICAL MYCOTIC DISEASES
A. L. BITTENCOURT AND A. T. LONDERO A. INTRODUCTION 707 B. MYCETOMAS 708
I. INTRODUCTION 708 II. EPIDEMIOLOGY AND AETIOLOGICAL AGENTS 708 III.
CLINICAL ASPECTS 710 CONTENTS XXIX IV PATHOLOGY 711 1. BLACK GRAINS OF
EUMYCOTIC MYCETOMAS 715 2. PALE GRAINS OF EUMYCOTIC MYCETOMAS 718 3.
GRAINS OF ACTINOMYCOTIC MYCETOMAS 718 V IMMUNOLOGY 721 VI. DIAGNOSIS 721
VII. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 722 C. SPOROTRICHOSIS 722 I. INTRODUCTION
722 II. EPIDEMIOLOGY 724 III. CLINICAL ASPECTS 724 IV PATHOLOGY 727 V
IMMUNOLOGY 730 VI. DIAGNOSIS 730 VII. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 730 B.
CHROMOBLASTOMYCOSIS 731 I. INTRODUCTION 731 II. EPIDEMIOLOGY 731 III.
CLINICAL ASPECTS 732 IV PATHOLOGY 735 V IMMUNOLOGY 735 VI. DIAGNOSIS 735
VII. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 737 E. RHINOSPORIDIOSIS 737 I. INTRODUCTION
737 II. EPIDEMIOLOGY 737 III. CLINICAL ASPECTS 738 IV PATHOLOGY 739 V
IMMUNOLOGY 741 VI. DIAGNOSIS 742 VII. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 742 F.
LOBOMYCOSIS 742 I. INTRODUCTION 742 II. EPIDEMIOLOGY 742 III. CLINICAL
ASPECTS 743 IV PATHOLOGY 744 V IMMUNOLOGY 747 VI. DIAGNOSIS 747 VII.
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 747 G. ENTOMOPHTHOROMYCOSIS 747 I. INTRODUCTION
747 II. EPIDEMIOLOGY 749 III. CLINICAL ASPECTS 749 1. SUBCUTANEOUS FORM
. 749 2. MUCOCUTANEOUS FORM 749 3. PRIMARY VISCERAL FORM 752 XXX
CONTENTS IV PATHOLOGY 753 V IMMUNOLOGY 756 VI. DIAGNOSIS 756 VII.
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 757 H. PARACOCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS 757 I. INTRODUCTION
757 II. EPIDEMIOLOGY 758 III. CLINICAL ASPECTS 758 IV PATHOLOGY , 763 1.
GROSS ASPECTS 763 2. MICROSCOPIC ASPECTS . . 767 V. IMMUNOLOGY 770 VI.
DIAGNOSIS 773 VII. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 773 J. AFRICAN HISTOPLASMOSIS
774 I. INTRODUCTION 774 II. EPIDEMIOLOGY 774 III. CLINICAL ASPECTS 775
IV PATHOLOGY 775 V IMMUNOLOGY 778 VI. DIAGNOSIS 778 VII. DIFFERENTIAL
DIAGNOSIS 778 K. CRYPTOCOCCOSIS 779 I. INTRODUCTION 779 II. EPIDEMIOLOGY
779 III. CLINICAL ASPECTS 780 IV PATHOLOGY 781 1. GROSS ASPECTS 781 2.
MICROSCOPIC ASPECTS 784 V IMMUNOLOGY 789 VI. DIAGNOSIS 790 VII.
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 791 REFERENCES 791 METAZOAL DISEASES CHAPTER 17
HELMINTHOLOGY A. M. MARTY AND E. M. ANDERSEN A. INTRODUCTION TO
HELMINTHS 801 I. ACOELEMATE 801 II. PSEUDOCOELEMATE 801 CONTENTS XXXI
III. COELEMATE 801 IV CLASSIFYING THE WORM 802 B. HELMINTHS PATHOGENIC
TO HUMANS 802 I. PHYLUM: PLATYHELMINTHES 802 CLASS: TREMATODA 803 1.
SCHISTOSOMIASIS 803 2. TROGLOTREMATIDAE 816 3. OPISTHORCHIIDAE 823 4.
DICROCOELIIDAE 827 5. FASCIOLIDAE 829 6. ECHINOSTOMATIDAE 835 7.
HETEROPHYIDAE 837 8. PARAMPHISTOMATIDAE 838 9. RARE TREMATODE INFECTIONS
OF HUMANS 839 10. GENERAL COMMENTS ON THERAPY FOR TREMATODES 840 CLASS:
CESTOIDEA 841 1. PSEUDOPHYLLIDEA 841 2. CYCLOPHYLLIDEA; FAMILY:
TAENIIDAE 848 3. CYCLOPHYLLIDEA; FAMILY: HYMENOLEPIDIDAE 862 4.
CYCLOPHYLLIDEA; FAMILY: DIPYLIDIIDAE 864 5. CYCLOPHYLLIDEA; FAMILY:
DAVAINEIDAE 866 6. OTHER CYCLOPHYLLIDEAN INFECTIONS OF HUMANS 867 II.
PSEUDOCOELOMATES: THE NEMATODES 868 SUBCLASS: ADENOPHOREA 871 1.
TRICHURIS 871 2. CAPILLARIA 875 3. TRICHINELLA 879 4. DIOCTOPHYMA AND
EUSTRONGYLIDES 882 SUBCLASS: SECERNENTEA 883 1. HALICEPHALOBUS (SYN.
MICRONEMA) 883 2. STRONGGYLOIDES 883 3. ANCYLOSTOMA AND NECATOR SPECIES
887 4. MAMMOMONOGAMUS 892 5. TRICHOSTRONGYLUS 893 6. ANGIOSTRONGYLUS AND
METASTRONGYLUS 89 5 7. ASCARIS 900 8. VISCERAL LARVA MIGRANS 907 9.
ANISAKIS, CONTRACAECUM, PHOCANEMA {PSEUDOTERRANOVA), TERRANOVA,
PORROCAECUM, AND HYSTEROTHYLACIUM 911 10. ENTEROBIUS 915 11. CUTANEOUS
LARVA MIGRANS 918 12. SPIROCERCA, THELAZIA : 920 13. FILARIAL NEMATODES
[ 920 14. DRACUNCULUS 946 III. PSEUDOCOELOMATES: ACANTHOCEPHALA 949 1.
MACRACANTHORHYNCHUS . 950 XXXII CONTENTS 2. MONILIFORMIS 951 3. -
ACANTHOCEPHALUS, CORYNOSOMA, AND BOLBOSOMA 953 IV PHYLUM: ANNELIDA 953 V
PHYLUM: ARTHROPODA 956 C. HELMINTHS CATEGORIZED BY ORGAN SYSTEM
INVOLVEMENT 960 D. ARTIFACTS, ARTHROPODS AND NONPATHOGENIC WORMS
COMMONLY MISTAKEN FOR PARASITES 961 E. POLYPARASITISM AND FINAL COMMENTS
961 REFERENCES 963 NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASES CHAPTER 18 MALNUTRITION AND
INTESTINAL MALABSORPTION R. O. C. KASCHULA A. PROTEIN ENERGY
MALNUTRITION 985 I. GENERAL ASPECTS 985 II. OVERNUTRITION IN THE TROPICS
989 III. UNDERNUTRITION (NUTRITIONAL GROWTH RETARDATION) 989 IV MARASMUS
990 V KWASHIORKOR 991 1. OEDEMA 991 2. SKIN CHANGES 992 3. MUCOUS
MEMBRANES 992 4. HAIR CHANGES 992 5. MUSCLE WASTING 993 6. MENTAL AND
NEUROLOGICAL CHANGES 993 7. RENAL FUNCTION 994 VI. MARASMIC KWASHIORKOR
994 VII. PATHOLOGY OF PROTEIN ENERGY MALNUTRITION 994 1. WATER AND
ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 994 2. SKELETAL MUSCLE ATROPHY 994 3. HEART 995 4.
LIVER 995 5. PANCREAS 996 6. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 997 7. GASTROINTESTINAL
TRACT 998 8. HAEMOPOIETIC SYSTEM . 1000 9. LYMPHORETICULAR SYSTEM 1000
VIII. INTERACTION OF PROTEIN ENERGY MALNUTRITION WITH INFECTION . . .
1002 IX. LONG-TERM SEQUELAE OF PROTEIN ENERGY MALNUTRITION 1005 CONTENTS
XXXIII B. VITAMIN AND MINERAL MALNUTRITION 1007 I. VITAMINS . . . .,
1007 1. VITAMIN A 1007 2. VITAMIN E 1008 3. VITAMIN K 1008 4. THIAMINE
(VITAMIN B,) 1008 5. RIBOFLAVIN (VITAMIN B 2 ) 1009 6. NIACIN (NICOTINIC
ACID, VITAMIN B 5 ) 1009 7. PYRIDOXINE (VITAMIN B 6 ) 1010 8.
PANTOTHENIC ACID 1011 9. COBALAMIN COMPOUNDS (VITAMIN B 12 ) . 1011 10.
FOLK ACID 1011 11. ASCORBIC ACID (VITAMIN C) 1012 12. VITAMIN D, CALCIUM
AND PHOSPHORUS 1013 II. MINERALS AND TRACE ELEMENTS 1014 1. IRON
DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA 1014 2. ZINC DEFICIENCY 1015 3. SELENIUM, COPPER AND
MANGANESE 1015 C. NUTRITIONAL SIDEROSIS 1016 D. TROPICAL SPRUE 1019 E.
CHRONIC PANCREATIC DISEASE IN THE TROPICS 1022 REFERENCES 1023 SPECIAL
PATHOLOGY OF ORGAN SYSTEMS CHAPTER 19 CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN THE
TROPICS A. G. ROSE A. INTRODUCTION 1033 B. IDIOPATHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
1033 I. DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY 1034 1. AETIOLOGY 1034 2. MACROSCOPIC
PATHOLOGY 1035 3. MICROSCOPIC PATHOLOGY 1038 4. ULTRASTRUCTURE 1039 II.
VARIANTS OF DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY 1041 1. KESHAN DISEASE 1041 2.
DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY 1041 3. BECKER MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY J 1041 4.
FAMILIAL CARDIOMYOPATHY 1042 5. RIGHT VENTRICULAR CARDIOMYOPATHY 1042 6.
NON-COMPACTION OF VENTRICULAR MYOCARDIUM 1043 XXXIV CONTENTS III.
HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY 1043 1. MACROSCOPIC PATHOLOGY 1044 2.
MICROSCOPIC PATHOLOGY T 1045 IV RESTRICTIVE/OBLITERATIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY
1045 1. AETIOLOGY 1045 2. PRIMARY ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS 1045 3.
AMYLOIDOSIS 1045 4. CARDIAC SIDEROSIS 1046 5. SARCOIDOSIS 1047 6.
ENDOMYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS: OBLITERATIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY . . . 1048 V
LOFFLER S ENDOCARDITIS 1050 B. INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF MYOCARDIUM I.
MYOCARDITIS 1050 1. NON-SPECIFIC MYOCARDITIS 1051 2. GRANULOMATOUS
MYOCARDITIS 1051 3. TUBERCULOSIS 1052 4. TYPHOID FEVER 1055 II.
PROTOZOAL AND PARASITIC DISEASES 1055 1. TOXOPLASMOSIS 1055 2.
SARCOCYSTIS 1057 3. AMOEBIASIS 1058 4. TRYPANOSOMIASIS 1058 A) AMERICAN
TRYPANOSOMIASIS (CHAGAS DISEASE) 1058 B) AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS
(SLEEPING SICKNESS) 1058 III. HELMINTHIC PARASITES 1060 1. TAPEWORMS
(CESTODES) 1060 A) ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS: HYDATID DISEASE 1060 B)
CYSTICERCOSIS 1060 C) SCHISTOSOMIASIS 1061 D) TOXOCARA CANIS 1061 C.
SYSTEMIC HYPERTENSION 1062 D. RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE 1063 E. IDIOPATHIC
CARDIAC ANEURYSMS 1065 F. CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS 1067 G. EPIDEMIC
DROPSY 1068 H. CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE 1069 J. KAPOSI S SARCOMA 1069 K.
HEAT INJURY AND ROLE OF HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS 1070 I. HEAT INJURY 1070 II.
HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS 1070 L. PERICARDIAL DISEASES 1070 I. PURULENT
(SUPPURATIVE) PERICARDITIS 1071 II. TUBERCULOUS PERICARDITIS 1071 M.
VASCULAR DISEASES 1072 I. IDIOPATHIC (TAKAYASU S) AORTITIS 1072 II.
TUBERCULOUS ARTERITIS AND ANEURYSMS 1075 CONTENTS XXXV III. PERIPHERAL
MUCOID ARTERIOPATHY 1075 IV AINHUM 1077 V CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE 1077
VI. THROMBOANGIITIS OBLITERANS (BUERGER S SYNDROME) 1077 REFERENCES 1078
CHAPTER 20 BLOOD DISEASES IN THE TROPICS H. H. M. KNOX-MACAULAY A.
INTRODUCTION 1083 B. NORMAL VALUES AND REFERENCES RANGES . 1084 I.
HAEMOGLOBIN (HB) 1084 II. WHITE BLOOD CELL COUNT (WBC) 1084 III.
PLATELET COUNTS 1084 C. ANAEMIA - GENERAL FEATURES 1085 I. INTRODUCTION
1085 II. BASIC MECHANISMS 1085 III. CLINICAL FEATURES 1086 D. THE
NUTRITIONAL ANAEMIAS 1086 I. INTRODUCTION 1086 1. IRON METABOLISM 1087
2. IRON DEFICIENCY AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA 1088 A) CAUSES 1088 B)
CLINICAL FEATURES AND LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS 1090 C) MANAGEMENT AND
PREVENTION 1091 3. IRON OVERLOAD 1092 A) AETIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY 1092 B)
TREATMENT AND PREVENTION 1093 4. IRON AND INFECTION 1094 II.
MEGALOBLASTIC ANAEMIA 1094 1. FOLATE METABOLISM 1094 2. FOLATE
DEFICIENCY 1095 3. COBALAMIN (VITAMIN B 12 ) DEFICIENCY 1096 III.
ANAEMIA OF PROTEIN DEFICIENCY 1098 E. ANAEMIA OF CHRONIC DISEASE 1098 F.
HAEMOLYTIC ANAEMIAS 1099 I. HEREDITARY ABNORMALITIES OF THE RED CELL
MEMBRANE 1099 1. HEREDITARY ELLIPTOCYTOSIS 1099 A) COMMON HEREDITARY
ELLIPTOCYTOSIS (CHE) 1100 B) SPHEROCYTIC ELLIPTOCYTOSIS (HAEMOLYTIC
OVALOCYTOSIS) . . 1100 XXXVI CONTENTS C) SOUTHEAST ASIAN OVALOCYTOSIS
(STOMATOCYTIC ELLIPTOCYTOSIS) 1100 D) ELLIPTOCYTOSIS/OVALOCYTOSIS AND
MALARIA 1101 2. HEREDITARY SPHEROCYTOSIS 1101 II. HEREDITARY
ABNORMALITIES OF HB SYNTHESIS 1101 1. THE HAEMOGLOBINOPATHIES 1103 A)
INHERITED ABNORMALITIES IN THE RATES OF GLOBIN BIOSYNTHESIS . . . 1104
B) INHERITED DEFECTS IN THE STRUCTURE AND RATE OF SYNTHESIS OF HB 1116
C) HEREDITARY FAILURE OF NORMAL NEONATAL SWITCH (Y TO /J) MECHANISM. J .
1117 D) INHERITED CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE GLOBIN CHAIN (ABNORMAL
HAEMOGLOBINS) 1118 E) PREVENTION OF HAEMOGLOBINOPATHIES 1131 III. THE
ENZYMOPATHIES 1131 1. G6PD DEFICIENCY 1131 A) GENETICS AND BIOCHEMICAL
VARIANTS 1132 B) CLINICAL AND HAEMATOLOGICAL FEATURES 1133 2. PYRUVATE
KINASE (PK) DEFICIENCY 1135 IV ACQUIRED HAEMOLYTIC ANAEMIA 1136 G.
HAEMATOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF MALARIA AND OTHER PARASITIC INFECTIONS
1136 I. MALARIA 1136 1. ANAEMIA 1136 2. WHITE CELL CHANGES 1137 3.
CHANGES IN PLATELETS AND OTHER HAEMOSTATIC PARAMETERS 1137 4.
INTERACTION OF MALARIA WITH THE HEREDITARY ERYTHROCYTOPATHIES 1137 II.
OTHER PARASITES 1141 H. HYPERSPLENISM AND PANCYTOPENIA 1141 J. BLEEDING
DISORDERS : 1142 K. BLOOD TRANSFUSION IN THE TROPICS 1145 REFERENCES .
1146 CONTENTS XXXVII CHAPTER 21 CIRRHOSIS AND OTHER LIVER DISEASES I. W.
SLMSON A. VIRAL HEPATITIS AND HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS 1147 I. VIRAL HEPATITIS
1147 II. HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS 1149 1. POST-VIRAL CIRRHOSIS 1149 2. INDIAN
CHILDHOOD CIRRHOSIS 1150 B. IDIOPATHIC PORTAL HYPERTENSION 1151 C.
HEPATIC VENOUS OUTFLOW OBSTRUCTION 1151 I. CHRONIC HEPATIC VENOUS
OUTFLOW OBSTRUCTION 1151 II. VENO-OCCLUSIVE DISEASE 1152 D. PRIMARY
LIVER CARCINOMA 1154 I. HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA 1154 II.
CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA 1156 E PRIMARY RECURRENT PYOGENIC (ORIENTAL)
CHOLANGITIS 1157 REFERENCES 1158 CHAPTER 22 RENAL DISEASES IN THE
TROPICS R. SINNIAH AND V BOONPUCKNAVIG A. INTRODUCTION 1161 B. PROTOZOAL
INFECTIONS 1164 I. MALARIAL NEPHROPATHY 1164 1. CLINICAL SYMPTOMS 1164
2. PATHOLOGY IN TRANSIENT GLOMERULONEPHRITIS . . 1164 3. PATHOLOGY IN
ACUTE RENAL FAILURE 1166 4. QUARTAN MALARIA (P. MALARIAE) INFECTION 1167
II. VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS 1167 III. AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS
(CHAGAS DISEASE) 1169 IV AMOEBIASIS 1170 C. HELMINTHIC DISEASES 1170 I.
FILARIAL NEMATODE INFECTIONS - BANCROFTIAN AND BRUGIAN FILARIASIS,
LOIASIS, ONCHOCERCIASIS 1170 II. NEMATODE INFECTION - DIOCTOPHYMIASIS
1172 1. TRICHINOSIS ., 1172 2. DIOCTOPHYMIASIS 1172 3. STRONGYLOIDIASIS
1172 4. OPISTHORCHIASIS 1173 XXXVIII CONTENTS III. TREMATODE INFECTIONS
- SCHISTOSOMIASIS 1173 IV CESTODE INFECTIONS 1175 D. VIRAL INFECTIONS
1176 I. HANTAVIRUS - HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROME . . . . 1176
II. ARENAVIRIDAE VIRUS 1178 III. TOGAVIRIDAE VIRUSES 1178 1. CHIKUNGUNYA
FEVER 1179 2. DENGUE HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER 1179 IV VIRAL HEPATITIS 1179 V
AIDS VIRUS (HIV) 1180 E. SPIROCHAETAL INFECTIONS 1181 I. LEPTOSPIROSIS
1181 II. BORRELIA RECURRENTIS - RELAPSING FEVER 1181 F. BACTERIAL
INFECTIONS: ENTERIC 1182 I. SALMONELLOSIS 1182 II. TYPHOID FEVER 1182
III. SHIGELLOSIS 1183 IV CHOLERA 1183 G. MYCOBACTERIAL INFECTIONS:
LEPROSY 1183 H. VENOMOUS SNAKE BITES 1184 J. METABOLIC DERANGEMENTS IN
THE TROPICS 1185 I. ACUTE RHABDOMYOLYSIS AND MYOGLOBINURIA 1185 II.
HEATSTROKE 1186 III. FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE DEPLETION 1186 K. BLOOD
DYSCRASIAS 1186 I. SICKLE CELL DISEASE 1186 II. THALASSAEMIAS 1188 III.
G6PD DEFICIENCY AND HAEMOLYSIS 1188 L. RENAL DISEASES OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL
IMPORTANCE 1188 I. POSTSTREPTOCOCCAL GLOMERULONEPHRITIS 1188 II. IGA
NEPHROPATHY 1189 III. IGM NEPHROPATHY 1190 IV TROPICAL NEPHROPATHY 1190
V HAEMOLYTIC URAEMIC SYNDROME IN INFECTIONS 1191 REFERENCES 1192
CONTENTS XXXIX NEOPLASIAS CHAPTER 23 CANCER IN THE TROPICS A. R. P.
WALKER, C. ISAACSON, AND A. C. PATERSON A. EPIDEMIOLOGY, RISK FACTORS
AND PREVENTION (A. R. P. WALKER) ... 1201 I. INTRODUCTION 1201 II.
DESCRIPTION OF POPULATIONS 1202 1. COMMENTS ON RATES 1204 2. TIME TRENDS
OF CANCERS 1208 3. COMMENT 1211 III. CANCER PREVENTION AND AVOIDANCE
1211 1. RISK FACTOR CONTROL 1213 A) DIET 1213 B) SMOKING PRACTICE 1215
C) ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION 1216 D) REPRODUCTION PRACTICES 1216 E) VIRUSES
1217 F) POVERTY 1217 2. OTHER AVOIDANCE MEASURES: SCREENING 1217 3.
SURVIVAL FROM CANCER 1218 IV EPIDEMIOLOGICAL OUTLOOK 1219 V SUMMARY AND
CONCLUSIONS 1220 B. PATHOLOGY (C. ISAACSON) 1222 I. CARCINOMA OF THE
BREAST 1222 II. CARCINOMA OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 1223 1. TONGUE 1223 2.
SALIVARY GLAND 1223 3. OESOPHAGUS 1224 4. STOMACH . . . : . . . 1225
5. PANCREAS 1225 6. LARGE BOWEL . . . 1225 III. MALIGNANT DISEASE IN
CHILDHOOD IN THE TROPICS 1226 IV MALIGNANT LYMPHOMAS 1227 V NEOPLASIAS
OF THE SKIN 1228 VI. CARCINOMA OF THE FEMALE GENITAL TRACT 1229 1.
CORPUS UTERI 1229 2. CHORIONEPITHELIOMA 1229 3. OVARY { 1230 VII.
CARCINOMA OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 1230 1. NASAL SINUSES 1230 2.
LARYNX 1230 3. BRONCHUS 1230 XL CONTENTS VIII. CARCINOMA OF THE URINARY
SYSTEM 1231 1. KIDNEY. 1231 2. BLADDER 1231 3. PROSTATE 1231 4. TESTIS .
. . 1231 5. PENIS. . . . . 1232 IX. TUMOURS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS
SYSTEM 1232 X. TUMOURS OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 1232 XI. TUMOURS OF THE
JAW 1233 C. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PARTICULAR CANCERS (A. C. PATERSON)
1233 I. BREAST 1234 II. ORAL CAVITY 1234 III. NASOPHARYNX 1234 IV
OESOPHAGUS 1235 V STOMACH 1235 VI. EXOCRINE PANCREAS 1235 VII.
COLORECTUM 1236 VIII. UTERINE CERVIX 1236 IX. BURKITT S LYMPHOMA 1236 X.
CONCLUSION 1237 REFERENCES 1237 CHAPTER 24 KAPOSI S SARCOMA H. ITAKURA
AND K. TORIYAMA A. INTRODUCTION 1247 B. CLASSIFICATION, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND
GEOGRAPHICAL PATHOLOGY 1247 C. CLINICAL COURSE AND DISEASE
MANIFESTATIONS 1249 D. FUNDAMENTAL HISTOPATHOLOGY AND HISTOLOGICAL
PROCESS 1252 E. ADDITIONAL HISTOLOGICAL FINDINGS 1263 F.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY 1267 G. ULTRASTRUCTURAL FINDINGS 1269 H. FLOW
CYTOMETRY AND CELL PLOIDY 1269 J. HISTOGENESIS 1272 K. DIAGNOSTIC
PATHOLOGY 1272 L. AETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS AND DISEASE ENTITY 1276
REFERENCES 1276 CONTENTS XLI ENVIRONMENTAL DISEASES CHAPTER 25
ENVIRONMENTAL DISEASES IN THE TROPICS H. ITAKURA A. PATHOLOGIC
CONDITIONS CAUSED BY ARTHROPODS 1283 I. POROCEPHALOSIS 1283 1. SYNONYMS
1283 2. INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION 1283 3. CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1284 4. PATHOLOGY 1284 5. DISTRIBUTION 1285 II. TUNGIASIS 1286 1.
SYNONYMS 1286 2. DEFINITION, AETIOLOGY AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1286
3. PATHOLOGY 1288 4. DISTRIBUTION 1288 III. MYIASIS 1288 1. SYNONYMS
1288 2. AETIOPLOGY AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION 1288 A) OESTRUS OVIS 1290 B)
DERMATOBIA HOMINIS (D. CYANIVENTRIS) 1290 C) HYPODERMA SPP. AND
GASTEROPHILUS SPP 1291 D) CORDYLOBIA ANTHROPOPHAGA 1291 E) CHRYSOMIA
BEZZIANA 1292 F) CALLITROGA HOMINIVORAX (COCHLIOMYIA AMERICANA) 1292 G)
AUCHMEROMYIA LUTEOLA (CONGO FLOOR MAGGOT) 1293 IV SCABIES 1294 B.
TROPICAL SPLENOMEGALY SYNDROME 1294 I. DEFINITION 1294 II. CLINICAL
CHARACTERISTICS 1294 III. PATHOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS 1294 IV AETIOLOGY
1296 V EPIDEMIOLOGY 1299 VI. ADDITIONAL COMMENTS 1300 C. MYOSPHERULOSIS
1300 I. SYNONYMS 1300 II. DEFINITION, CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND
PATHOLOGY 1300 III. DISTRIBUTION AND AETIOLOGY : 1300 D. MYCOTOXICOSIS /
1301 I. DEFINITION 1301 II. HISTORY, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CLINICAL
CHARACTERISTICS 1301 III. PATHOLOGY AND CARCINOGENICITY 1303 IV ROLE OF
MYCOTOXIN IN TROPICAL MEDICINE 1305 XLII CONTENTS E. HEAT DISORDERS 1305
I. HEATSTROKE 1306 1. SYNONYMS 1306 2. DEFINITION AND AETIOLOGY 1306 3.
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 1306 4. PATHOLOGY 1307 5.
DIAGNOSIS 1309 II. HEAT EXHAUSTION 1309 1. SYNONYMS 1309 2. DEFINITION
AND AETIOLOGY 1309 3. CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1309 4. DIFFERENTIAL
DIAGNOSIS 1310 III. HEAT CRAMPS 1310 1. SYNONYMS 1310 2. DEFINITION AND
AETIOLOGY 1310 3. CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PATHOGENESIS 1310 IV
SUNBURN 1310 V MILIARIA RUBRA 1311 1. SYNONYMS 1311 2. DEFINITION AND
AETIOLOGY 1311 3. CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PATHOLOGY 1311 VI.
ANHYDROTIC ASTHENIA 1311 1. SYNONYMS 1311 2. DEFINITION AND AETIOLOGY
1311 3. CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1312 F. HUMAN ECOLOGY AND DISEASE
MANIFESTATIONS 1312 REFERENCES 1314 ADDENDUM CHAPTER 26 DISEASES OF
UNCERTAIN AETIOLOGY H. ITAKURA A. FAMILIAL MEDITERRANEAN FEVER AND
RELATED CONDITIONS 1321 I. SYNONYMS 1321 II. INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION
1321 III. CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1321 IV PATHOLOGY 1322 CONTENTS XLIII
V AETIOLOGY 1322 VI. DISTRIBUTION 1324 VII. ADDITIONAL COMMENTS 1325 B.
TUMOURAL CALCINOSIS 1325 I. SYNONYMS 1325 II. DEFINITION 1325 III.
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1325 IV PATHOLOGY 1325 V AETIOLOGY AND
PATHOGENESIS 1328 VI. DISTRIBUTION 1328 VII. ADDITIONAL COMMENTS 1328 C.
IDIOPATHIC ELEPHANTIASIS 1328 I. SYNONYMS 1328 II. DEFINITION 1328 III.
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1329 IV PATHOLOGY 1330 V AETIOLOGY 1330 VI.
DISTRIBUTION 1331 D. AINHUM 1331 I. SYNONYMS . . . 1331 II. DEFINITION
AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1331 III. PATHOLOGY 1332 IV AETIOLOGY 1332
V DISTRIBUTION 1334 VI. ADDITIONAL COMMENTS 1334 E. TROPICAL ULCER 1334
I. SYNONYMS 1334 II. DEFINITION 1334 III. CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1334
IV PATHOLOGY 1335 V AETIOLOGY 1336 VI. DIAGNOSIS 1336 VII. DISTRIBUTION
1337 VIII. ADDITIONAL COMMENTS 1337 F. TROPICAL EOSINOPHILIA 1337 I.
SYNONYMS 1337 II. DEFINITION 1337 III. CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1337 IV
PATHOLOGY 1338 V AETIOLOGY 1338 VI. DIAGNOSIS 1339 VII. DISTRIBUTION
1339 G. DESERT SORE I 1339 I. SYNONYMS 1339 II. DEFINITION AND CLINICAL
CHARACTERISTICS 1339 III. AETIOLOGY 1340 XLIV CONTENTS IV DIAGNOSIS 1340
V DISTRIBUTION 1340 H. TOXAEMIA OF PREGNANCY 1340 I. SYNONYMS,
DEFINITION AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1340 II. PATHOLOGY 1341 III.
AETIOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION 1341 REFERENCES 1343 SUBJECT INDEX 1347
|
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ctrlnum | (OCoLC)845039012 (DE-599)BVBBV010464012 |
discipline | Medizin |
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format | Book |
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id | DE-604.BV010464012 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:52:56Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 3540576738 0387576738 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-006972334 |
oclc_num | 845039012 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-20 DE-91 DE-BY-TUM |
owner_facet | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-20 DE-91 DE-BY-TUM |
physical | XLIV, 1379 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
publishDate | 1995 |
publishDateSearch | 1995 |
publishDateSort | 1995 |
publisher | Springer |
record_format | marc |
series | Spezielle pathologische Anatomie |
series2 | Spezielle pathologische Anatomie |
spelling | Tropical pathology with 69 tables contributors T. G. Ashworth ... 2. ed. Berlin [u.a.] Springer 1995 XLIV, 1379 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Spezielle pathologische Anatomie 8 Pathologie (DE-588)4044893-9 gnd rswk-swf Tropenkrankheit (DE-588)4127752-1 gnd rswk-swf Tropenkrankheit (DE-588)4127752-1 s Pathologie (DE-588)4044893-9 s DE-604 Ashworth, Timothy G. Sonstige oth Spezielle pathologische Anatomie 8 (DE-604)BV000003327 8 HEBIS Datenaustausch Mainz application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006972334&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Tropical pathology with 69 tables Spezielle pathologische Anatomie Pathologie (DE-588)4044893-9 gnd Tropenkrankheit (DE-588)4127752-1 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4044893-9 (DE-588)4127752-1 |
title | Tropical pathology with 69 tables |
title_auth | Tropical pathology with 69 tables |
title_exact_search | Tropical pathology with 69 tables |
title_full | Tropical pathology with 69 tables contributors T. G. Ashworth ... |
title_fullStr | Tropical pathology with 69 tables contributors T. G. Ashworth ... |
title_full_unstemmed | Tropical pathology with 69 tables contributors T. G. Ashworth ... |
title_short | Tropical pathology |
title_sort | tropical pathology with 69 tables |
title_sub | with 69 tables |
topic | Pathologie (DE-588)4044893-9 gnd Tropenkrankheit (DE-588)4127752-1 gnd |
topic_facet | Pathologie Tropenkrankheit |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006972334&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
volume_link | (DE-604)BV000003327 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT ashworthtimothyg tropicalpathologywith69tables |