Surgical treatment of epilepsy in children:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia [u.a.]
Saunders
1995
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Neurosurgery clinics of North America
6,3 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVI S., S. 419 - 603 Ill. |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Surgical treatment of epilepsy in children |c P. David Adelson ... guest ed. |
| 264 | 1 | |a Philadelphia [u.a.] |b Saunders |c 1995 | |
| 300 | |a XVI S., S. 419 - 603 |b Ill. | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Neurosurgery clinics of North America |v 6,3 | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Chirurgie (geneeskunde) |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Epilepsie |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Neurologie |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 2 | |a Épilepsie - Chirurgie | |
| 650 | 2 | |a Épilepsie - Enfant | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Child | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Epilepsy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Epilepsy |x surgery | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Infant | |
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| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Kind |0 (DE-588)4030550-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Epilepsie |0 (DE-588)4015035-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | SURGICAL TREATMENT OF EPILEPSY IN CHILDREN
CONTENTS
Preface xv
P. David Adelson and Peter McL. Black
Epidemiology of Pediatric Epilepsy 419
W. Allen Hauser
The convulsive disorders arc among the more frequently occurring neuro¬
logic disorders of childhood, affecting more than 4% of all children. The most
frequently occurring disorder, febrile convulsions, shows wide geographic
variation and is usually benign. Children with epilepsy (which affects about
1% of the population by age 20) generally have an excellent prognosis. The
small proportion of patients whose epilepsy is not controlled after two years
of treatment should be considered for alternative therapies.
Preoperative Evaluation of the Child with Epilepsy 431
James J. Riviello Jr, Sandra L. Helmers, Mohamad Mikati, and
Gregory L. Holmes
This article reviews the preoperative evaluation of the child with intractable
epilepsy. The importance of the history and the clinical manifestations of
the seizures, and the results of electrophysiology, neurophysiology, and
neuroimaging studies are discussed.
Neuropsychological Testing for Preoperative and
Postoperative Evaluation 443
Jane Holmes Bernstein, P. A. Prather, and Celiane Rey Casserly
Neuropsychological assessment in the surgical management of the epilep¬
sies includes comprehensive neuropsychological examination for baseline,
diagnostic, and follow up purposes, and specialized diagnostic procedures.
The developmental competence of the individual provides an organizing
principle for psychological work and is reflected in the neurosurgical strat¬
egy. Adaptive functioning and psychosocial adjustment are as important
in determining outcome as performance on neuropsychological tasks. The
techniques and tools of neuropsychological assessment are discussed in this
NEUROSURGERY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
VOLUME 6 • NUMBER 3 • JULY IW ix
article; presurgical functioning and post surgical status and management
affect outcome.
Structural Imaging in Pediatric Epilepsy: Magnetic
Resonance Imaging 455
Gregory D. Cascino
MR imaging has been shown to be the structural neuroimaging procedure of
choice in patients with partial or localization related epilepsy. The diagnostic
yield of the MR image is superior to that of the CT scan. The high sensitivity
and specificity of MR imaging in patients with foreign tissue pathology has
been confirmed. There is now a consensus that MR imaging is a reliable
indicator of the temporal lobe of seizure origin in patients with mesial
temporal sclerosis.
Positron Emission Tomography in Pediatric Epilepsy 465
Thomas J. Cummings, Diane C. Chugani, and Harry T. Chugani
Surgical treatment of medically refractory epilepsy in children has gained
considerable popularity in recent years. The application of positron emission
tomography (PET) is proving to be, in certain instances, an invaluable tool
in the preoperative evaluation of these children. Currently, it is one of the
few methods available that provides important lateralizing and localizing
information noninvasively when the CT scan and MR image are normal. The
morbidity associated with chronic intracranial monitoring can be avoided in
the majority of children if data from PET are incorporated with clinical, other
radiographic, and electrographic data during the preoperative evaluation.
Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography (SPECT) in
Pediatric Epilepsy 473
S.T. Treves and Leonard P. Connolly
Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography (SPECT) is a valuable
tool in the assessment of epileptic patients. Radiotracers that distribute
according to regional cerebral blood flow permit the identification of altered
perfusion to an epileptogenic zone both ictally and interictally. This tech¬
nique has proven especially useful in temporal lobe epilepsy.
Electroencephalography as a Localizing Tool 481
D. Alan Shewmon
The immature brain is not a miniature adult brain, and adult epilepsy
concepts and protocols do not necessarily apply to infant epilepsy surgery.
The epileptogenic zone is conceptually, and often also topographically,
distinct from both the ictal onset zone and the irritative zone (interictal
spiking). This distinction is especially important in pediatric evaluations.
The most reliable localizing aspects of the EEC are interictal nonepileptiform
abnormalities traditionally associated with structural lesions.
Chronic Invasive Monitoring for Identifying Seizure Foci
in Children 491
P. David Adelson, Daniel K. O Rourke, and A. Leland Albright
Chronic invasive monitoring has been used successfully in the adult popula¬
tion to localize seizure foci. The same methods can be used in children
with low morbidity to help achieve excellent seizure free outcomes. The
indications and approaches to the different types of monitoring are reviewed
in this article.
X CONTENTS
Neuroanesthesia 505
Elizabeth A. Eldredge, Sulpicio G. Soriano, and Mark A. Rockoff
Children requiring surgical treatment of epilepsy present many periopera
tive challenges. Anesthetic agents affect both the seizure threshold and the
ability to monitor behavioral and electrophysiological functions. Further¬
more, patients receiving chronic anticonvulsant therapy have altered
responses to many anesthetic drugs. Special considerations must also be
given to the needs and requirements of pediatric patients. This article
reviews concerns relevant to the preoperative, intraoperative, and immedi¬
ate postoperative anesthetic management of these patients.
Temporal Lobe Resections in Children 521
P. David Adelson and Peter McL. Black
Through better understanding of the pathophysiology of intractable tempo¬
ral lobe epilepsy in children, and the improved techniques for the evaluation
and planning of surgical treatment, early successful intervention is now
possible. This article describes the available surgical options for the treat¬
ment of children with medically intractable seizures thought to originate
in the temporal lobe.
Focal Cortical Resections for the Treatment of Extratemporal
Epilepsy in Children 533
Antonio R. Prats, Glenn Morrison, and Aizik L. Wolf
Epilepsy in children is a common and disabling disorder. Approximately
10% to 20% of patients who develop seizures will have medically intractable
epilepsy. This group of patients may be candidates for epilepsy surgery.
Unlike adults, epilepsy in children frequently arises in extratemporal sites.
The surgical treatment of this extratemporal epilepsy is discussed in this
article.
Corpus Callosotomy in Children 541
Joseph R. Madsen, Lionel Carmant, Gregory L. Holmes, and
Peter McL. Black
Unlike other types of surgical therapy of epilepsy, in which the epileptic
focus is identified and removed, corpus callosotomy is intended to interrupt
the propagation of epileptic discharges. The procedure was originally
designed for patients with secondarily generalized seizures in whom focal
resections would not be feasible. However, beneficial effects can be seen in
children with generalized seizures and no focal site of onset recordable.
This may result from global diminution of synaptic connectivity in the
cerebrum. The surgical technique is straightforward, and it is generally
possible to avoid postoperative problems by staying out of the ventricular
system. Long term follow up studies of post eallosotomy patients an: diffi¬
cult to interpret because of lack of accurate seizure counts and quality of
life measures. While predicting those patients who will benefit from the
surgery remains difficult, it appears that patients with drop attacks benefit
the most from the procedure.
Hemispherectomy for the Treatment of Intractable Seizures
in Childhood 549
Warwick J. Peacock
This article discusses the role of hemispherectomy in the treatment of chil¬
dren with intractable seizures associated with hemiplegia. The postnatal
CONTENTS Xi
development and plasticity of the brain are discussed, leading to a justifica¬
tion for early surgery in appropriate candidates. Methods of investigation,
the process of selection, and the various surgical techniques are outlined.
Neuropathology 565
Paul S. Mischel and Harry V. Vinters
Extensive cortical resections are now frequently undertaken to treat infants
and children with intractable seizure disorders. The resultant cerebral tissue
presents a diagnostic challenge to the surgical neuropathologist, and a
source of tissue that can be used to study basic mechanisms of epilepsy
related neuropathologic tissue change to the surgical neuropathologist. The
most common types of nonneoplastic pathologic change encountered in
resected tissue are malformative lesions (cortical dysplasia), destructive and
encephalomalacic abnormalities, encephalitis (especially Rasmussen type
encephalitis), and Sturge Weber disease. This article deals with a neuropath¬
ologic approach to these lesions that can aid in understanding their patho
genesis in terms of basic neurobiology of the developing central nervous
system.
Postoperative Medical Management Following Pediatric Epilepsy
Surgery 581
Bryan J. Lynch and Patricia K. Crumrine
Medical management of the post epilepsy surgery patient depends on care¬
ful preoperative consideration of the patient s medical, social, cognitive,
and emotional status. Outcome expectations should be realistic. Families
should be warned that existing cognitive and psychobehavioral problems
may not be improved following surgery, even if seizures are well controlled.
In the postoperative period, maintenance of therapeutic antiepileptic drug
levels is important. Certain specific post surgical neurologic syndromes may
occur. As criteria for surgery and surgical techniques continue to evolve,
epilepsy centers have an ongoing responsibility to provide objective assess¬
ment of outcome. Prospective multicenter studies are required to adequately
address these issues.
The Future of Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery: Signposts and Science 589
Joseph R. Madsen, P. David Adelson, and Michael M. Haglund
The applications of pediatric epilepsy neurosurgery continue to expand.
Many of the advances in pediatric epilepsy surgery should reflect scientific,
technical, and conceptual issues identical to those seen with adult epilepsy
surgery. This article discusses the future approaches to solutions, sharper
maps, maps of functionally important cortex, stimulation mapping, real¬
time imaging, exploit plasticity, and diminished epileptogenicity without
resection.
Index 599
Subscription Information Inside back cover
xii CONTENTS
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| spelling | Surgical treatment of epilepsy in children P. David Adelson ... guest ed. Philadelphia [u.a.] Saunders 1995 XVI S., S. 419 - 603 Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Neurosurgery clinics of North America 6,3 Chirurgie (geneeskunde) gtt Epilepsie gtt Neurologie gtt Épilepsie - Chirurgie Épilepsie - Enfant Child Epilepsy Epilepsy surgery Infant Neurochirurgie (DE-588)4041874-1 gnd rswk-swf Kind (DE-588)4030550-8 gnd rswk-swf Epilepsie (DE-588)4015035-5 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Kind (DE-588)4030550-8 s Epilepsie (DE-588)4015035-5 s Neurochirurgie (DE-588)4041874-1 s DE-604 Adelson, P. D. Sonstige oth Neurosurgery clinics of North America 6,3 (DE-604)BV002758938 6,3 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006880714&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Surgical treatment of epilepsy in children Neurosurgery clinics of North America Chirurgie (geneeskunde) gtt Epilepsie gtt Neurologie gtt Épilepsie - Chirurgie Épilepsie - Enfant Child Epilepsy Epilepsy surgery Infant Neurochirurgie (DE-588)4041874-1 gnd Kind (DE-588)4030550-8 gnd Epilepsie (DE-588)4015035-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4041874-1 (DE-588)4030550-8 (DE-588)4015035-5 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Surgical treatment of epilepsy in children |
| title_auth | Surgical treatment of epilepsy in children |
| title_exact_search | Surgical treatment of epilepsy in children |
| title_full | Surgical treatment of epilepsy in children P. David Adelson ... guest ed. |
| title_fullStr | Surgical treatment of epilepsy in children P. David Adelson ... guest ed. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Surgical treatment of epilepsy in children P. David Adelson ... guest ed. |
| title_short | Surgical treatment of epilepsy in children |
| title_sort | surgical treatment of epilepsy in children |
| topic | Chirurgie (geneeskunde) gtt Epilepsie gtt Neurologie gtt Épilepsie - Chirurgie Épilepsie - Enfant Child Epilepsy Epilepsy surgery Infant Neurochirurgie (DE-588)4041874-1 gnd Kind (DE-588)4030550-8 gnd Epilepsie (DE-588)4015035-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Chirurgie (geneeskunde) Epilepsie Neurologie Épilepsie - Chirurgie Épilepsie - Enfant Child Epilepsy Epilepsy surgery Infant Neurochirurgie Kind Aufsatzsammlung |
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