European Union trade with Eastern Europe: adjustment and opportunities
Gespeichert in:
Format: | Buch |
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Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
London
1995
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Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XVII, 278 S. graph. Darst. |
ISBN: | 1898128170 |
Internformat
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Contents
List of Tables viii
List of Figures xii
Preface xiv
Foreword by Leon Brittan and Henning Christophersen xv
List of Contributors xvii
1 Opportunities Outweight Adjustment: The Political Economy of
Trade with Central and Eastern Europe R Faini and R Portes 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 The Europe Agreements 2
1.3 Recent Developments in EU CEEC Trade 3
1.4 Evaluating the Impact of CEEC Trade 6
1.5 Conclusions 16
2 Trade Liberalization with Eastern Nations: How Sensitive?
D Neven 19
2.1 Introduction 19
2.2 The Politically Sensitive Sectors 20
2.3 The Vulnerable Sectors 26
2.4 The Sensitive and Politically Effective Groups 44
2.5 Conclusion 48
Appendix 2.1 Domestic Resource Costs and Competitive
Sectors 50
Appendix 2.2 The Largest Changes in Import Penetration 52
Appendix 2.3 Classification of Sectors According to Factor
Intensities 53
V
vi Contents
3 Comparative Advantage and Likely Trade Pattern of the
CEECs L Halpern 61
3.1 Introduction 61
3.2 The Geographical Pattern of Trade 62
3.3 The Commodity Pattern of Trade 64
3.4 Comparative Advantage 69
3.5 Labour Costs 72
3.6 The Skill Level of Labour and Human Capital 73
3.7 Foreign Direct Investment 80
3.8 Future Trade Pattern 81
4 France and the CEECs: Adjusting to Another Enlargement
O Cadot and I de Melo 86
4.1 Introduction 86
4.2 Recent Aggregate Trade and Investment Flows and
Some Projections 89
4.3 France CEEC Intra industry Trade Patterns: Little
CEEC Penetration in the Sensitive Sectors 94
4.4 The Political Economy of Adjustment: Employment
Projections at the Regional Level 99
4.5 A Retrospective Look at France's Adjustment to the
Second EC Enlargement 109
4.6 Conclusions 116
Appendix 4.1 Calculation of Employment Effects at the
Regional Level 117
Appendix 4.2 Intra industry Trade Indices 118
5 Trade with Central and Eastern Europe: The Case of Greece
5 Dimelis and K Catsios 123
5.1 Introduction 123
5.2 Patterns of Trade between Greece and the CEECs 125
5.3 Foreign Direct Investment in the CEECs and the Role
of Greece 145
5.4 Summary and Conclusions 152
Appendix 5.1 Trade Data 155
6 Trade and Foreign Direct Investment with Central and Eastern
Europe: Its Impact on Spain / Cual and C Martin 167
6.1 Introduction 167
6.2 The Europe Agreements and the Process of Economic
Integration between the EC and the CEECs 168
6.3 Evaluating the Impact on Spain of Trade Integration
between the CEECs and the EC: Some Simple
Considerations 169
Contents vii
6.4 Will Central and Eastern Europe Divert FDI from
Spain? 180
6.5 Conclusions 196
7 Liberalization of the European Steel Trade L A Winters 201
7.1 Introduction 201
7.2 The Model 203
7.3 Results 217
7.4 Conclusion: Rationalizing the European Steel Industry 229
Appendix 7.1 Simulation Results by Region 231
8 The Textiles and Clothing Trade with Central and Eastern Europe:
Impact on Members of the EC C Corado 236
8.1 Introduction 236
8.2 Producers' Problems: CEECs 236
8.3 Trade Patterns and Trade Performance 240
8.4 Trade Competitiveness 242
8.5 OPT in Textiles and Clothing 247
8.6 FDI in Textiles and Clothing 252
8.7 Barriers to Trade 255
8.8 Conclusions 262
Index 269
List of Tables
1.1 Growth rates (%) of imports from the CEECs to the
EU 12 4
1.2 Growth rates (%) of exports to the CEECs from the
EU 12 5
1.3 Actual (1985 92) changes (%) in trade flows relative to
the 'trade gap' 8
2.1 Actual (1985 92) changes (%) in trade flows relative to
the trade 'gap' 32
2.2 Imports of sensitive products 33
2.3 Vulnerable sectors according to the changes in import
penetration at the EC level 34
2.4 Correlation across industries of the change in import
penetration 35
2.5 Changes in import penetration rank correlation across
industries 36
2.6 Average Grubell Lloyd indices 38
2.7 Industry groups according to factor intensities
(Germany) 40
2.8 Revealed comparative advantage 41
2.9 Revealed comparative advantage of individual countries 43
2.10 Ranking of NUTS II regions according to the
competitiveness indicator 47
2.11 Regional disparities 49
2.12 Competitiveness, unemployment and income 49
2A. 1 The most competitive sectors according to the DRC
indicators 51
2A.2 Competitiveness and changes in production 52
viii
List of Tables ix
2A.3 Competitiveness and changes in production broad
categories 52
3.1 Foreign trade structure by regions 63
3.2 Trade structure with EU 65
3.3 Intra industry and export specialization indices of trade
with the EU 67
3.4 Unit value and quantity indices of foreign trade with the
EU 70
3.5 Comparison of hourly compensation costs 73
3.6 Real GDP per employee 74
3.7 Educational attainment at age 20 and over in Hungary,
1990 74
3.8 Educational level of the working age population in
Hungary 74
3.9 Working age population by sex and educational level in
Hungary, 1990 75
3.10 Educational attainment of population aged 20 and over
in Poland, 1988 75
3.11 Educational attainment of population aged 20 and over
in Czech and Slovak Republics, 1980 75
3.12 The ratio of R D personnel to economically active
population 77
3.13 The ratio of scientists and engineers to R D personnel 77
3.14 Share of R D expenditure in GNP 78
3.15 R D expenditure per number of researchers 78
3.16 Patents granted in the United States, 1988 92 79
3.17 Stock of FDI in CEECs 80
3.18 Obstacles for FDI in Central and Eastern Europe 82
3.19 Flow of FDI into CEECs by OECD countries 82
3.20 FDI in CEECs by country 82
3.21 FDI in CEECs by industry 83
4.1 EC trade with Eastern Europe 90
4.2 France's trade with Eastern Europe 91
4.3 French direct investment in the CEECs 92
4.4(a) Extra EC market shares by products (%), French
imports, 1992 96
4.4(b) Extra EC market shares by products (%), French
exports, 1992 96
4.5 France CEECs intra industry trade indices 97
4.6 French imports and exports in sensitive sectors 98
4.7 Job creation and destruction, gravity based simulation 102
4.8 Job creation and destruction, historical simulation 105
4.9 French imports from and exports to Spain 115
x List of Tables
5.1 (a) Potential and actual exports of Greece and the EU 11 to
theCEECsin 1989 132
5.1(b) Potential and actual exports of the CEECs to Greece and
the EU 11 in 1989 132
• 5.2 NACE CLIO classification at a three digit level 137
5.3 Greece CEEC 5: intra industry trade 140
5.4 Greece CEEC 6: specialization indices 144
5.5 Cumulative FDI in the CEEC 6 146
5.6 Cumulative Greek FDI in the Balkan countries (except
the former Yugoslavia) 148
5.7 FDI in Romania, 1990 4 148
5.8 Geographical distribution of cumulative FDI in
Romania by 1994 1Q 149
5.9 Cumulative FDI in Romania by the ten major foreign
partners (1994 IQ) 150
5A.1 Greece EU: trade 155
5A.2 Greece CEEC 6: trade (aggregated) 156
5A.3 EU 1 l CEEC 6: trade (aggregated) 156
5A.4 Greece CEEC 6 (geographical distribution) 157
5A.5 EU 1 l CEEC 6 (geographical distribution) 159
5A.6 Greece CEEC 5: sectoral distribution (%) of Greek
exports and imports 161
5A.7 Greece CEEC 5: average growth rates (%) of Greek
exports and imports 162
5A.8 Greece CEEC 5: balance of trade by NACE CLIO R.25 163
5A.9 Greece EU: sectoral distribution (%) of Greek exports
and imports (SITC) 164
6.1 Ceteris paribus effects of Europe Agreements on Spanish
trade flow prices 170
6.2 Geographical structure of Spanish trade flows 173
6.3 Share of CEECs in Spanish trade by sectors 174
6.4 Intra industry trade in Spain CEEC bilateral trade flows 176
6.5 Specialization index of Spanish and CEEC exports to the
EU 179
6.6 Total content (direct and indirect) of capital, labour and
human capital in one million pesetas of imports and
exports (1989) 181
6.7 Locational factors for FDI 182
6.8 FDI by country of immediate and final origin 188
6.9 Factors of geographical concentration of FDI in Spain 189
6.10 Unit labour costs in Spain and alternative EC locations
(1985 92) 191
6.11 Market access in Spain and some CEECs 193
List ol Tables xi
6.12 Comparison of the export potential to EU and EFTA
markets by Spain and Poland 194
6.13 Hungary and Spain, selected indicators 195
7.1 The geographical classification 205
7.2 Elasticities in the base runs 208
7.3(a) Sales matrix, flat products 210
7.3(b) Sales matrix, long products 211
7.4 Estimated costs of production for steel in Europe 212
7.5 Transportation costs, 1992 213
7.6 Tariffs and tariff equivalent of price minima 216
7.7 Correcting production distortions 218
7.8 Summary results for flat products 220
7.9(a) Sensitivity for flat products: optimal mix plus mil cost
recovery 224
7.9(b) Sensitivity for flat products: removing EU and EFTA
barriers to CEEC sales 225
7.10 Summary results for long products 227
7.11 Full Europe Agreements, long and flat products 229
7A.1 Moving to optimal factor mixes 231
7A.2 Optimal factor mixes plus full cost recovery 232
7A.3 Removing all EU and EFTA barriers to CEEC sales 232
7A.4 Full Europe Agreements 233
7A.5 Removing EU and EFTA barriers to CEEC exports
long products 233
7A.6 Full Europe Ageements long products 234
7A.7 Removing all EU and EFTA barriers to CEEC sales
long and flat products 234
8.1 Market shares in industrial countries'imports, 1992 241
8.2 Trade performance of CEECs in Western markets, 1989
92 242
8.3 EC and EFTA share of OECD's exports to CEECs 243
8.4 Trade overlapping indicators 244
8.5 Averages of multilateral index numbers of CEEC, EC
and EFTA producers, 1991 and 1992 245
8.6 EC OPT imports from CEECs, MFA clothing only 248
8.7 EC OPT in textiles and clothing, 1992 249
8.8 Origins of OPT operations 250
8.9 Exports of clothing after IPT operations in Portugal 251
8.10 FDI in Portugal 254
8.11 Import coverage ratios: the ongoing liberalization 258
8.12 Indicators of trade restrictiveness 259
8.13 Binding quotas, ongoing liberalization 260
8.14 The protective instruments firms face 261
List of Figures
2.1 Trade flows with Eastern countries in the manufacturing
sector 30
3.1 Hourly compensation costs in US dollars for production
workers in manufacturing 72
4.1 GDP per capita (EC average) 111
4.2 French direct investment in Spain and Portugal, 1983 92 113
5.1 Greece RoW: average growth rates of Greek exports and
imports 125
5.2 Greece EU 11: average growth rates of Greek exports and
imports 125
5.3 Greece CEEC 6: average growth rates of Greek exports
and imports 126
5.4 EU 1 l CEEC 6: average growth rates of EU 11 exports
and imports 126
5.5 Greece CEEC 6: shares of (a) Greek exports and (b)
Greek imports. EU 1 l CEEC 6: shares of (c) EU 11
exports and (d) EU 11 imports 128
5.6 Greece CEEC 6: average growth rates of (a) Greek
exports and (b) Greek imports. EU 1 l CEEC 6: average
growth rates of (c) EU 11 exports and (d) EU 11 imports 130
5.7 Greece CEEC 5: Greek export shares 135
5.8 Greece CEEC 5: Greek import shares 135
5.9 Greece CEEC 5: average growth rates of Greek exports
and imports, 1989 92 136
5.10 Greece CEEC 5: Greece's balance of trade by sector 136
5.11 Greece CEEC 5: revealed comparative advantage 141
5.12 EU 1 l CEEC 5: revealed comparative advantage 143
xii
List of Figures xiii
6.1 RCA Spain CEECs 175
6.2 RCASpain EU 11 177
6.3 RCACEECs EU 11 178
6.4 FDI data by source (1986 92) 185
6.5 FDI in Spain 187
6.6 FDI in Spain by type of investment 187
6.7 FDI by country of origin 187
6.8 FDI in Spain by industry 188
8.1 Relative unit labour costs in Poland and Portugal 238 |
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spelling | European Union trade with Eastern Europe adjustment and opportunities [Centre for Economic Policy Research]. Ed. by Riccardo Faini ... London 1995 XVII, 278 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Europäische Union European Economic Community Europe, Eastern Europäische Union (DE-588)5098525-5 gnd rswk-swf Europese Unie gtt Handelspolitiek gtt Liberalisatie gtt Wirtschaft Wirtschaftspolitik Außenhandel (DE-588)4003832-4 gnd rswk-swf Europäische Gemeinschaften. Mitgliedsstaaten Europe, Eastern Economic conditions 1989- Europe, Eastern Economic integration European Economic Community countries Economic conditions European Economic Community countries Economic policy Osteuropa (DE-588)4075739-0 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift 1994 Brüssel gnd-content Europäische Union (DE-588)5098525-5 b Außenhandel (DE-588)4003832-4 s Osteuropa (DE-588)4075739-0 g DE-604 Faini, Riccardo 1951-2007 Sonstige (DE-588)118038222 oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006864642&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | European Union trade with Eastern Europe adjustment and opportunities Europäische Union European Economic Community Europe, Eastern Europäische Union (DE-588)5098525-5 gnd Europese Unie gtt Handelspolitiek gtt Liberalisatie gtt Wirtschaft Wirtschaftspolitik Außenhandel (DE-588)4003832-4 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)5098525-5 (DE-588)4003832-4 (DE-588)4075739-0 (DE-588)1071861417 |
title | European Union trade with Eastern Europe adjustment and opportunities |
title_auth | European Union trade with Eastern Europe adjustment and opportunities |
title_exact_search | European Union trade with Eastern Europe adjustment and opportunities |
title_full | European Union trade with Eastern Europe adjustment and opportunities [Centre for Economic Policy Research]. Ed. by Riccardo Faini ... |
title_fullStr | European Union trade with Eastern Europe adjustment and opportunities [Centre for Economic Policy Research]. Ed. by Riccardo Faini ... |
title_full_unstemmed | European Union trade with Eastern Europe adjustment and opportunities [Centre for Economic Policy Research]. Ed. by Riccardo Faini ... |
title_short | European Union trade with Eastern Europe |
title_sort | european union trade with eastern europe adjustment and opportunities |
title_sub | adjustment and opportunities |
topic | Europäische Union European Economic Community Europe, Eastern Europäische Union (DE-588)5098525-5 gnd Europese Unie gtt Handelspolitiek gtt Liberalisatie gtt Wirtschaft Wirtschaftspolitik Außenhandel (DE-588)4003832-4 gnd |
topic_facet | Europäische Union European Economic Community Europe, Eastern Europese Unie Handelspolitiek Liberalisatie Wirtschaft Wirtschaftspolitik Außenhandel Europäische Gemeinschaften. Mitgliedsstaaten Europe, Eastern Economic conditions 1989- Europe, Eastern Economic integration European Economic Community countries Economic conditions European Economic Community countries Economic policy Osteuropa Konferenzschrift 1994 Brüssel |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006864642&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT fainiriccardo europeanuniontradewitheasterneuropeadjustmentandopportunities |