The neuropsychology of attention:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York [u.a.]
Plenum Press
1993
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Critical issues in neuropsychology
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturverz. S. 483-530 |
| Beschreibung: | XX, 545 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0306439530 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | The Neuropsychology
of Attention
Ronald A Cohen
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts
In collaboration with
Yvonne A Sparling-Cohen
Department of Youth Services
Boston, Massachusetts
and
Brian F O Donnell
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts
Plenum Press • New York and London
Contents
Part I Foundations of Attention
Chapter 1
Introduction 3
Manifestations of Attention 4
Constraints on Attention 6
A Unified Neuropsychological Model of Attention 7
Neuropsychological Foundations 8
Chapter 2
Attention: A Component of Information Processing 11
Brian F O Donnell and Ronald A Cohen
Early Psychological Theories of Attention 11
Communication, Control, and Information Processing 15
Psychology and Information Processing 18
Models of Selective Attention 23
Automatic and Controlled Processing 34
Capacity, Resource, and Skill 41
Chapter 3
Response Selection and the Executive Control of Attention 49
Ronald A Cohen and Yvonne A Sparling-Cohen
Response Selection and Attention 49
Vigilance, Effort, and Fatigue 62
xv
xvi CONTENTS
Chapter 4
Contributions of Behavioral Psychology to the Study of Attention 75
Ronald A Cohen and Yvonne A Sparling-Cohen
Early Learning Theory 76
Classical Conditioning 77
The Orienting Response 80
Operant Conditioning 81
Extinction: A Control Mechanism of Attention 84
Neurobehavioral Contributions 85
Drive and Motivation 89
Summary 91
s
Chapter 5
The Orienting Response: An Index of Attention 95
Habituation of the OR 101
Intentionality and the OR 103
Neural Mechanisms of the OR and Habituation 103
Alternative Theories of Habituation 106
Evaluation of Habituation Theories 110
Neuropsychological Evidence 112
Summary 114
Chapter 6
Physiological Substrates of Attention 115
Ronald A Cohen and Brian F O Donnell
Emotions, Arousal, and Physiological Response 116
Arousal: An Attentional Catalyst 117
Alternatives to Generalized Arousal 121
Physiological Correlates of Attending 123
Autonomic Attentional Indices 124
Cardiac Deceleration Reflects Attentional Intake 124
Cardiac Acceleration During Directed Attention 125
Pupillary Responses and Memory Load 128
Motor Activation During Attention 130
Do Bodily Responses Facilitate Attention? 131
CNS Evoked-Potential Correlates of Attention 133
Sensory Evoked Potentials 133
The Negative-Difference Response and Auditory Selective Attention 134
ERPS and Visual Selective Attention 135
The P3 Complex and Attention 136
The N2-P3 Complex and Brain Dysfunction 140
Significance of the N2-P3 Complex in Attention 141
Summary 143
CONTENTS xvii
Chapter 7
Neural Mechanisms of Attention 145
Attention as a Component of Conditioning 146
Conditioning in Simple Neural Systems 149
Inhibitory Control Processes for Attention 160
Neural Mechanisms of Sensory Selective Attention 167
Attentional Mechanisms for Other Sensory Modalities 172
Summary 174
Chapter 8
Models and Mechanisms of Attention: A Summary 177
Ronald A Cohen and Brian F O Donnell
Sensory Selective Attention 177
Response Selection 179
Capacity Models of Attention 182
Sustained Attention 185
Summary 186
Part II Neuropsychology of Attention
Chapter 9
Neuroanatomical Disorders of Attention Affecting Sensory Selection 189
Hemi-Inattention and Neglect Syndromes 189
Parietal and Temporal Lobe Influences 203
Attention and the Cerebral Hemispheres 212
Thalamic Influences on Attention 215
Summary 217
Chapter 10
Attentional Control: Subcortical and Frontal Lobe Influences 219
The Frontal Lobes 219
Cingulate Cortex 232
Subcortical Influences on Attention 239
Chapter 11
Disturbances of Attention: Neurological Disease 255
Ronald A Cohen and Brian F O Donnell
Localized and Nonlocalized Deficits 255
Multiple Sclerosis 256
xviii CONTENTS
Head Injury 260
Seizure Disorder 267
Metabolic Diseases 268
Hydrocephalus 270
Alzheimer s Disease 271
Parkinson s Disease 272
Brain Neoplasm 272
Summary 273
Chapter 12
Attentional Dysfunction Associated with Psychiatric Illness 275
Ronald A Cohen and Brian F O Donnell
Affective Disorders 275
Schizophrenia 284
Developmental Disorders of Attention 292
Anxiety and Stress Disorders 304
Chapter 13
Neuropsychological Assessment of Attention 307
Psychometric Assessment of Attention 307
Psychometrics and Neuropsychology 309
Neuropsychological Tests of Attention 312
Experimental Approaches to Attentional Measurement 320
Chapter 14
Neuropsychological Models of Attentional Dysfunction 329
Ronald A Cohen and Brian F O Donnell
Models of Attentional Disturbance 329
A Taxonomy of Attention 341
Part III Toward an Integrated Attentional Framework
Chapter 15
Consciousness and Self-Directed Attention 353
Self-Awareness Capacity 354
Models of Consciousness and Awareness 355
Neuropsychological Evidence Regarding Self-Consciousness 357
Consciousness, Self-Awareness, and Attention 358
CONTENTS xix
Chapter 16
Neural Constraints on Attention ; 361
Cell Types Influence and Processing Characteristics 362
Patterns of Activation 363
Neural Speed and Information Flow 364
Timing Properties 365
Neural Networks That Facilitate Attention 366
Redundancy and Stereotypy 367
Memory Constraints in Neural Systems 368
Plasticity of Neural Systems 369
Constraints on Information Flow 369
Modality-Specific Constraints 370
Feedback and Feedforward Arrangements 371
Summary 373
Chapter 17
Processing Speed and Attentional Resources 375
Brian F O Donnell and Ronald A Cohen
Attentional Capacity and Intelligence 375
Attentional Capacity and Processing Speed 376
Processing Speed and Intellectual Performance 377
Processing Speed and Brain Dysfunction 378
Summary 379
Chapter 18
The Mutual Constraint of Memory and Attention 381
Systemic Memory Constraints on Attention 382
On the Nature of STM 383
Specific Memory Constraints on Attention 383
Limited Capacity and Short-Term Storages 384
Short-Term Storage and Attention 385
Long-Term Storage: Capacity and Durability 385
Semantic and Contextual Constraints 386
Summary 391
Chapter 19
Spatial Determinants of Attention 393
Phenomenological Considerations 394
Spatial Characteristics of Attention 395
Spatial Distribution of Visual Selective Attention 395
Neural Determinants of Spatial Attention 399
Cortical Influences on Spatial Organization 400
XX CONTENTS
The Characteristics of Parietal Spatial Distribution 400
Responding in a Spatial Environment 403
Spatial Properties of Visual Attention 404
Constraints on Automaticity of Spatial Selection 405
Chapter 20
Temporal Constraints on Attention 409
Psychological Time 409
Temporal and Nontemporal Control Mechanisms 411
Clocks, Pacemakers, and Quantal Durations 412
Neural Clocks for Behavioral Regulation 414
Temporal Factors Underlying Attentional Timing 418
Temporal Influences on Attention 428
Attention as a Function of Sensory Modality 430
Summary 431
Chapter 21
Computational Models for the Analysis of Attention 433
Philosophical Issues 433
Mathematical Models and Attention: A Historical Perspective 435
Computational Models and Neural Networks 448
Chapter 22
Toward an Integrated Neuropsychological Framework of Attention 459
Neural Principles of Attention 464
Neuropsychological Taxonomy of Attention 466
Structural Constraints on Attention 469
Information Flow During Attention: Cognitive and Neural Models 469
Neural Mechanisms of Attention 476
Conclusions 479
References 483
531Index
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| spelling | Cohen, Ronald A. Verfasser aut The neuropsychology of attention Ronald A. Cohen New York [u.a.] Plenum Press 1993 XX, 545 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Critical issues in neuropsychology Literaturverz. S. 483-530 Perception Aandacht gtt Attention Attention ram Neuropsychologie Neuropsychologie gtt Neuropsychologie ram Attention physiology Neuropsychology Aufmerksamkeit (DE-588)4068943-8 gnd rswk-swf Neuropsychologie (DE-588)4135740-1 gnd rswk-swf Aufmerksamkeit (DE-588)4068943-8 s Neuropsychologie (DE-588)4135740-1 s DE-604 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006831660&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Cohen, Ronald A. The neuropsychology of attention Perception Aandacht gtt Attention Attention ram Neuropsychologie Neuropsychologie gtt Neuropsychologie ram Attention physiology Neuropsychology Aufmerksamkeit (DE-588)4068943-8 gnd Neuropsychologie (DE-588)4135740-1 gnd |
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| title | The neuropsychology of attention |
| title_auth | The neuropsychology of attention |
| title_exact_search | The neuropsychology of attention |
| title_full | The neuropsychology of attention Ronald A. Cohen |
| title_fullStr | The neuropsychology of attention Ronald A. Cohen |
| title_full_unstemmed | The neuropsychology of attention Ronald A. Cohen |
| title_short | The neuropsychology of attention |
| title_sort | the neuropsychology of attention |
| topic | Perception Aandacht gtt Attention Attention ram Neuropsychologie Neuropsychologie gtt Neuropsychologie ram Attention physiology Neuropsychology Aufmerksamkeit (DE-588)4068943-8 gnd Neuropsychologie (DE-588)4135740-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Perception Aandacht Attention Neuropsychologie Attention physiology Neuropsychology Aufmerksamkeit |
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