Volatiles in magmas:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Washington, DC
1994
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Reviews in mineralogy
30 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVII, 517 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0939950367 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Volatiles in magmas |c Mineralogical Society of America. Ed.: Michael R. Carroll ... |
| 264 | 1 | |a Washington, DC |c 1994 | |
| 300 | |a XVII, 517 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a Reviews in mineralogy |v 30 | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Gases |2 larpcal | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Magma |2 larpcal | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Geochemistry | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Magmas | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Magmatism | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Rocks, Igneous | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Volcanic gases | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Carroll, Michael R. |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | VOLA TILES IN MA GMAS
Table of Contents, volume 30
Page
Copyright; List of additional volumes of Reviews in Mineralogy..................... ii
Foreword........................................................................................... ill
Editors Introduction.............................................................................. iii
Dedication to C. Wayne Burnham............................................................ iv
Chronological listing of C. Wayne Burnham s papers................................... iv
Chapter 1 R. B. Symonds, W. I. Rose,
G. J. S. Bluth T. M. Gerlach
volcanic-gas studies: methods, results, and
Applications
Introduction......................................................................................... 1
Sampling and In-situ Measurements at High-Temperature Sites........................ 1
Inherent risks and limitations.......................................................... 1
Health and safety hazards..................................................... 1
Sampling bias.................................................................... 1
Contamination.................................................................... 2
Reactions during cooling...................................................... 2
Methods.................................................................................... 2
Solution-filled collection bottles.............................................. 2
Pre-197 5 collection techniques............................................... 4
In-situ gas chromatography................................................... 4
Oxygen fugacity probes....................................................... 4
Evaluation of Volcanic-Gas Analyses......................................................... 5
General guidelines....................................................................... 5
Evaluation procedures................................................................... 5
Air contamination............................................................... 5
Equilibrium-disequilibrium analysis.......................................... 6
Common causes of disequilibrium................................................... 6
Oxidation of H2, H2S, or CO.............................................. 9
Gains or losses of H2O...................................................... 9
Extraneous CH4 and NH3.................................................... 9
Gains of H2..................................................................... 10
Retrieval of equilibrium compositions............................................... 11
Removal of disequilibrium effects........................................... 11
Estimating concentrations of minor and trace species................... 12
Equilibrium Compositions of High-Temperature Volcanic Gases....................... 13
Molecular compositions................................................................. 13
Elemental compositions................................................................. 19
Oxygen fugacities........................................................................ 22
Pressure effects........................................................................... 23
Shallow Magma Degassing Processes........................................................ 24
Degassing at hot-spot and divergent-plate volcanoes............................. 24
Kilauea volcano................................................................. 24
Divergent-plate volcanoes...................................................... 26
Generalizations................................................................... 26
Degassing at convergent-plate volcanoes............................................ 26
vu
Showa-Shinzan dome, Japan................................................. 26
Mount St. Helens, U.S.A.................................................... 28
White Island, New Zealand.................................................. 30
GasAava interactions during degassing.............................................. i1
Trace-element vapor transport and deposition during degassing............... 34
Remote Sensing of Gas Emissions........................................................... 34
Correlation Spectrometer Determination of SO2............................................ *
Instrumentation and methods.......................................................... 37
SO2 emissions and volcanic activity................................................. 39
Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer Determinations of SO2 Emissions................ 43
Introduction................................................................................ 43
Method..................................................................................... 43
Basic parameters................................................................ 43
TOMS instruments.............................................................. 43
Basic technique.................................................................. 44
Limitations........................................................................ 44
Sources of error................................................................ 45
Data......................................................................................... 46
Applications............................................................................... 46
General correlations of SO2 outgassing with eruption
characteristics................................................................ 46
Annual SO2 emissions......................................................... 48
Tamden use with COSPEC................................................... 48
Excess SO2 from convergent-plate volcanoes...................................... 49
Detection of H2S emissions.................................................. 51
Emission Rates of Other Volcanic Gases.................................................... 51
Methods for measurement.............................................................. 51
Methods of estimation.................................................................. 53
Measuring both SO2 and CO2 emission rates—an example of the
advantages............................................................................. 53
Gas Studies to Assess Volcanic Hazards.................................................... 54
Direct gas sampling..................................................................... 54
Measuring gas emission rates......................................................... 56
Continuous monitoring of fumaroles and ambient air............................ 56
Sampling of volcanic crater lakes.................................................... 56
An integrated approach to surveillance.............................................. 56
Conclusions........................................................................................ 58
Acknowledgments................................................................................. 60
References.......................................................................................... 60
Chapter 2 P. D. Diinger, R. L. Hervig P. F. McMillan
ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR VOLATILES IN GLASSES
Introduction................................................................. 57
Overview and historical development of analytical techniques............... 67
Bulk extraction techniques.............................../.. 68
Energetic particle techniques................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................ 70
Vibrational spectroscopic techniques.......... ......................... 71
Raman scattering spectroscopy............... ...... .......................... 72
Nuclear magnetic resonance............................................... 72
Analytical Methods Involving Bulk Extraction................................................. 73
General description of the technique............................................... 73
Application to volatile contents in glasses ...................................... 76
Hydroge;;;;;;;;..................................
yg...............................;;;;;;;;76
Other volatiles................................................................ 7g
viii
Analytical Methods Involving Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS)............ 78
Introduction................................................................................ 78
General description of SIMS techniques............................................ 79
Primary beam characteristics.................................................. 79
Secondary ion characteristics................................................. 79
Applications to volatile contents in silicate glasses: Hydrogen................. 81
H analysis using positive secondary ions................................. 81
H analysis using negative secondary ions................................. 84
Hydrogen detection levels..................................................... 84
Matrix effects.................................................................... 85
Precision.......................................................................... 86
D/H measurements by SIMS................................................. 86
Applications to volatile contents in silicate glasses: Carbon.................... 86
Carbon detection levels........................................................ 86
Precision.......................................................................... 87
Applications to volatile contents in silicate glasses: Halogens.................. 87
Fluorine........................................................................... 87
Chlorine........................................................................... 88
Sensitivity and precision....................................................... 89
Applications to volatile contents in silicate glasses: Sulfur..................... 89
Applications to volatile contents in silicate glasses: Other elements........... 91
Summary of SIMS...................................................................... 91
Analytical Methods Involving Vibrational Spectroscopy................................... 91
Introduction................................................................................ 91
Vibrational properties of important volatile species............................... 92
OH and H2O.................................................................... 92
CO, CO2 and CO32-........................................................... 96
Quantitative vibrational spectroscopy................................................. 99
Infrared absorption: theory.................................................... 99
Practical application of the technique.......................................101
Quantitative Raman spectroscopy............................................101
References..........................................................................................112
Chapter 3 C. W. Burnham
Development of the burnham Model for Prediction of
h2o solubility in magmas
Historical Perspective.............................................................................123
The Thermodynamic Properties of H2O in Granitic Melts...............................124
References..........................................................................................129
Chapter 4 P. F. McMillan
Water solubility and Speciation models
Introduction.........................................................................................131
Early work: low pressure solubility.................................................131
The effect of pressure: square root relationships ...............................132
Burnham s model for water dissolution.............................................133
Molecular water as a dissolving species............................................134
Critical behavior of aluminosilicate-water systems at high pressure and
temperature............................................................................137
Microscopic Models for Water Dissolution..................................................139
SiO2-H20..................................................................................139
ix
Binary silicate systems..................................................................j^l
Hydrous aluminosilicate glasses.......................................................143
In-situ Studies at High Temperature and Pressure, and Effects of
Relaxation and Proton Exchange..........................................................148
Conclusion..........................................................................................152
References..........................................................................................152
Chapter 5 J- G. Blank R. A. Brooker
Experimental Studies of Carbon Dioxide in Silicate
Melts: Solubility, Speciation, and Stable Carbon
Isotope Behavior
Introduction.........................................................................................157
Experimental and Analytical Methods.........................................................158
Experiments...............................................................................158
Analysis....................................................................................159
Solubility Measurements.........................................................................160
Early work................................................................................160
Selected data..............................................................................160
Pressure dependence............................................................160
Temperature dependence.......................................................160
Compositional dependence.....................................................162
The effect of water.............................................................163
Speciation...........................................................................................164
Vibrational spectroscopy................................................................165
Theory.............................................................................165
The CO2 molecule..............................................................166
The carbonate molecule........................................................166
Sample spectra...................................................................167
The NaAlO2-SiO2 join................................................167
Natural melt compositions............................................169
NMR spectra..............................................................................170
Dissolution Mechanisms.........................................................................171
Environments of molecular CO2......................................................172
Carbonate in NaAlO2-SiO2 compositions...........................................172
Carbonate in other compositions......................................................173
Thermodynamic models.................................................................175
Stable Isotope Fractionation.....................................................................176
Introduction................................................................................176
Experimental fractionation studies.................................................177
CO2-basalt....................................... ..... . . . . . ....................J77
CQ2-rhyolite.................................................. . ... . . . . . . . . . . 178
Intermediate compositions.............................................. 178
Summary................................................................. .................... 179
Acknowledgments..................................................... .....................179
Appendix......................................................... ..............................j79
References................................................... .....................................jg2
Chapter 6 J. R. Holloway J. G. Blank
Application of experimental results to C-O-h species
in natural melts
Introduction.........................................................................................187
Oxidation State and Fluid Phase Speciation in the C-O-H System at Igneous
Temperatures and High Pressures........................................................187
The thermodynamic data................................................................188
Fluid speciation calculations...........................................................191
Implications for experiments...........................................................191
Oxidizing conditions: The H2O-CO2 join..................................191
Reducing conditions: Limits on CO, H2, and CH4..........................192
Graphite-H2O experiments.....................................................191
Practical Calculation of H2O Solubility in Rock Melts...................................193
The Burnham model....................................................................194
The Stolper model.......................................................................197
Water-basalt......................................................................202
Water-rhyolite....................................................................202
Calculating H2O solubility....................................................203
CO2 Solubility in Rock Melts.................................................................203
CO2 in basaltic melts...................................................................203
Rhyolitic melts............................................................................205
Effects of composition on CO2 solubility in rock melts........................207
Calculation of CO2 solubility in rock melts.......................................207
Mixed-Volatile Solubilities in Silicate Melts.................................................208
Water-carbon dioxide mixtures........................................................208
Degassing at low pressures...................................................209
CO-CO2 fluids: Carbon species solubility under reducing conditions........210
Stable Isotope Partitioning between Volatile Species in Fluid and Melt..............211
Terminology...............................................................................212
Degassing models........................................................................213
Experimentally-determined isotopic fractionations and application to natural
systems................................................................................215
CO2................................................................................216
H2O................................................................................216
Degassing of natural systems................................................217
Acknowledgments.................................................................................217
References..........................................................................................218
Appendix............................................................................................221
Spera-Stolper H2O version 1.0.......................................................221
CO2-H2O Degas version 1.0..........................................................225
Chapter 7 M. R. Carroll J. D. Webster
Solubilities of Sulfur, Noble Gases, nitrogen,
Chlorine, and Fluorine in magmas
Introduction.........................................................................................231
Sulfur Solubility in Melts.......................................................................232
General solubility behavior.............................................................232
Experimental methods of sulfur solubility determination.........................234
Experimental studies at atmospheric pressure......................................235
High pressure sulfur solubility experiments........................................240
Sulfur behavior in natural systems...................................................243
Noble Gas Solubilities in Silicate Melts.....................................................244
XI
Experimental measurements............................................................244
General solubility behavior.............................................................244
Melt composition and noble gas solubility.........................................244
Alternative treatment of melt composition effects on solubility.......246
Pressure and temperature dependence of noble gas solubility..................248
Melt-vapor partitioning of noble gases in natural systems......................249
Abundance fractionations and magma degassing..................................251
Nitrogen Solubility in Magmas................................................................252
Experimental Determination of Halogen Solubilities.......................................252
Analytical techniques for F and Cl..................................................252
Chlorine solubilities: general approach...............................................254
Chlorine solubilities......................................................................254
Water- and silica-poor silicate melts........................................255
Water-poor felsic melts........................................................255
Cl partitioning between hydrous felsic melts and fluids...............257
Summary of Cl solubilities...................................................258
Solubility mechanisms and speciation of Cl in silicate magmas...............258
F solubilities: general approach........................................................259
Water- and silica-poor silicate melts........................................261
Water-poor felsic melts........................................................262
Hydrous felsic melts...........................................................262
Summary of F solubilities....................................................263
Solubility mechanisms and speciation of F in silicate magmas................264
Halogens in Cl- and F-enriched Magmas...................................................266
Chlorine in magmas.....................................................................267
Fluorine in magmas.....................................................................268
Volcanic degassing of F and Cl.....................................................268
Thermodynamic constraints on Cl and F solubilities.............................269
Conclusions........................................................................................270
Acknowledgments.................................................................................271
References..........................................................................................271
Chapter 8 M. C. Johnson, A. T. Anderson, Jr.
M. J. Rutherford
PRE-ERUPnVE VOLATILE CONTENTS OF MAGMAS
Introduction.........................................................................................281
Constraints on Pre-Eruptive Volatiles from Natural Glasses.............................282
Constraints on Pre-Eruptive Volatiles from Phase Equilibria............................284
Volatiles in Basaltic and Andesitic Magmas...........................................287
Volatiles in magmas from Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii...........!........ ........287
H2O in Kilauean magmas....................................................287
CO^in Kilauean magmas................................... .................290
Sulfur in Kilauean magmas.................................!................292
Pre-eruptive volatiles in basaltic magmas from other tectonic settings........292
Mid-ocean ridge basalts................................. .......292
Arc basalts.................................... ................................2%
Back-arc basin basalts.........................................................297
Phase equilibria constraints on volatiles in basalts...............................297
Mineral indicators......................... ...............................298
Phase equilibria constraints on volatiles in andésites.........................vv)
Volaules m Dacitic and Rhyolitic Magmas. .............................^m
Rhyolitic glass inclusions........ ...........................................™i
Phase equilibria constraints..........................................................^
Mount St. Helens mafic dacites. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....................304
xii
Mount Pinatubo dache.........................................................307
Bishop Tuff rhyolite...........................................................310
Discussion..........................................................................................311
Kilauean basaltic magma system......................................................311
Volatile constraints on high-alumina basalt magma genesis.....................312
Volatile saturation in magmas.........................................................315
Obsidians: the Mono Craters obsidian clasts and domes........................317
Volatiles and the oxidation state of magmas.......................................319
Eruption dynamics.......................................................................321
The significance of volatiles in silicic magmas: some speculations...........321
References..........................................................................................323
Chapter 9 R. A. Lange
THE EFFECT OF H2O, CO2 AND F ON THE DENSITY AND
VISCOSITY OF SILICATE MELTS
Introduction.........................................................................................331
Silicate Melt Densities............................................................................332
The effect of temperature, pressure, and composition...........................332
Composition and temperature at 1 bar.....................................332
Pressure...........................................................................333
The importance of water......................................................334
Direct P-V-T measurements...................................................335
Derivation of Vh/),u uI from solubility curves...........................335
What about the speciation of water?................................................337
Derivation of Vhj molecular from solubility curves................................337
What value of Vh^iouü should be applied to natural liquids?...............340
Application of magma dynamics......................................................341
The importance^ of CO2................................................................341
Derivation of Vcoj.toui from solubility curves....................................342
What about the speciation of CO2?..................................................342
The partial molar volume of molecular CO2 in molten albite.........343
The partial molar volume of dissolved carbonate in molten
basalt................................................„........................343
The importance of f°Cqt to derived values of vco2.toud .............343
The effect of CO2 on density of magmatic liquids.....................344
The effect of F on the density of silicate melts.........................345
Silicate Melt Viscosities..........................................................................346
Newtonian and non-Newtonian rheology...........................................347
The effect of composition and temperature at 1 bar.............................348
Configurational entropy theory of viscosity........................................350
Natural liquids...................................................................350
Microscopic mechanisms of viscous flow: NMR constraints...................353
The effect of pressure on silicate melt viscosity..................................355
The effect of H2O on silicate melt viscosities....................................357
The effect of CO2 on silicate melt viscosities.....................................359
The effect of F on silicate melt viscosities........................................362
Toward a comprehensive model equation for silicate melt viscosity..........364
Acknowledgments.................................................................................364
References..........................................................................................365
Uli
Chapter 10 E. B. Watson
DIFFUSION IN VOLATILE-BEARING MAGMAS
Introduction.........................................................................................371
Overview of Basic Diffusion Theory.........................................................371
Nature and theoretical conceptualizations of diffusion............................371
Definitions........................................................................371
Atomistics.........................................................................372
Phenomenology: diffusion equations........................................374
Complications.......................................... 375
Kinds of diffusion................................................ ... ...... ... . .375
Temperature and pressure dependence of diffusion.....!.......!.......!!.......377
Effect of temperature...........................................................377
Pressure dependence of D....................................................378
Experimental and Analytical Approaches............................. . . . . . . . . . . ...378
General considerations.................................... !!!!!!!!!. !!. . !!!!!!!!!. 378
The thin-source geometry.................................... !! !! 379
Experimental technique.............................. . . !!. . !. !!!!! ! !Ü380
Extraction of diffusivity............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........3 0
The diffusion couple and related approaches............ ......................380
Experimental configuration....................................................380
Extraction of diffusivity.................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....................381
Diffusion in more than one dimension............ ...........................382
Diffusion of Dissolved Volatiles in Magmatic Liquids..................................382
Introduction...................................... ....................................og2
Water and related species...............................................................383
Silicic melt compositions..................... ..............................383
Basaltic melt..........................[ ......................................309
Carbon dioxide...........................[ _[...........................................3on
Sulfur-related species......... ....................................................w
Effect of water................ . . . . . . . . ........................................394
Role of oxygen fugacity......................................................™4
Halogens.................................... ..........................................?£
Fluorine............ ..........................................%.*
Chlorine.............. . . . . . ....................................................HI
Noble gases.................. ...............................................^
Effects of Dissolved Volatiles (H2O) on cätiön Diffusion...............................399
Introduction............................. ..............................^Z
Tracer diffusion........ ...........................................................^
Chemical diffusion........ . . . . . . . . .....................................................TJ«
High field-strength elements..................................................Trn
Silica..................... ................................................2J
ppS^
Crystal/liquid processes. ...........................................................^^
Growth and dissölütiönrätes;.;::.........................................25
... Boundary-layer processes.... ..........................................TXS
Bubble growth...... .....................................................407
^ger Kdema8ma^cProcës^s ...................................................I
ld
g
ger Kdema8ma^cProcës^s-- -...................................................I
dgments..... ...................................................4
......... ..............................................................................4
..............................................................................4
XIV
Chapter lia R. S. J. Sparks, J. Barclay, C. Jaupart,
H. M. Mader J. C. Phillips
physical aspects of magmatic degassing i.
Experimental and Theoretical Constraints
on vesiculation
Introduction.........................................................................................413
Observational Constraints........................................................................413
Volatile solubility.........................................................................414
Basaltic (low viscosity) systems......................................................415
Silicic (high viscosity) systems.......................................................415
Viscosity and diffusivity.......................................................416
Eruption styles...................................................................416
Eruption products...............................................................418
Bubble Formation.................................................................................420
Nucleation theory........................................................................420
Experiments on nucleation.............................................................422
Bubble growth............................................................................424
Diffusive growth................................................................424
Decompression of bubbles in high viscosity magma....................427
Decompression of high viscosity foams...................................431
Growth of stretching bubbles................................................431
Experimental Degassing..........................................................................432
Conduit Flow Models............................................................................436
A Conceptual Model for Explosive Volcanism.............................................439
Acknowledgments.................................................................................441
Appendix............................................................................................441
References..........................................................................................443
Chapter lib K. V. Cashman M. T. Mangan
physical aspects of magmatic degassing ii.
constraints on vesiculation processes from textural
Studies of Eruptive Products
Introduction.........................................................................................447
Bubble Suspensions and Foams...............................................................448
Nomenclature and structure............................................................448
Processes that influence structure.....................................................450
Capillary drainage...............................................................450
Film rupture......................................................................450
Coalescence.......................................................................451
Ostwald ripening................................................................451
Textural Characterization of Pyroclasts.......................................................452
Vesicularity................................................................................452
Vesicle size, shape and spatial distribution.........................................452
Vesicle shape....................................................................452
Spatial distribution..............................................................453
Vesicle size and number density............................................453
Vesicle size distributions......................................................454
Vesiculation in Basaltic Systems...............................................................455
Fire fountains.............................................................................455
Tephras............................................................................456
XV
Effusive eruptions........................................................................457
Reuculite..........................................................................458
Active lava tubes and surface flows.................................................459
Solidified lava flows....................................................................461
Inflated sheet flows............................................................461
Submarine lava flows...................................................................463
Vesiculation in Silicic Magmas.................................................................464
Explosive eruptions......................................................................464
Vesicularity.......................................................................465
Vesicle volume distributions..................................................466
Vesicle shapes...................................................................468
Effusive silicic eruptions...............................................................471
Macroscopic textural data......................................................472
Open-system volatile loss.....................................................473
Conclusions........................................................................................473
Acknowledgments.................................................................................474
References..........................................................................................474
Chapter 12 A. Jambon
EARTH DEGASSING AND LARGE-SCALE GEOCHEMICAL CYCLING
OF VOLATILE ELEMENTS
Introduction.........................................................................................479
Noble Gases and the Degassing History of the Earth...................................481
Helium: a non conservative element.................................................481
Helium in meteorites...........................................................481
The atmospheric budget and helium residence time in the
atmosphere...................................................................482
Cosmogenic helium.............................................................482
Helium in the ocean: the MORB source and helium flux from
the mantle....................................................................482
The helium :heat-flow relationship............................................483
Helium from arc magmas.....................................................484
Helium flux from the continental crust....................................484
Helium model age of the mantle and outgassing . .485
The 3He/4He vs 87Sr/8 Sr relationship.......„ . . . . . . . .. . . . . .!. .......485
Argon and catastrophic versus continuous degassing............................487
Argon isotopes in terrestrial reservoirs....................... ............487
40Ar and long term terrestrial outgassing.....!.......... .......!.........488
Further inferences from Neon and Xenon....................... .................489
Constraints from terrestrial xenology.. ...................... 489
Neon.............................................................................!490
CO2— A Major Volatile with Major Problems.......... ....................... .490
The bulk Earth abundance................... ....................................491
C/36 Ar and bulk Earth carbon............................................^491
Terrestrial inventory............... ......................................492
The C/3He ratio and the flux of CO2..............................................495
H2O — A Marginally Volatile Species.... ......................................497
Water in the exosphere..... ..............................................497
Water in H2O:MORB and the H2Ö!ridge flux....................................497
Water and subduction......... ....................................40g
Sulfur — An Example of Massive Recycling..............................................400
Long term sulfur cycle........... ..............................................400
Sulfur in oceanic basalts.......... . . . . . . . . . . .........................................5m
xvi
Mantle sulfur..............................................................................502
Halogens............................................................................................502
Fluorine....................................................................................502
Chlorine and bromine...................................................................505
Iodine.......................................................................................507
Conclusions........................................................................................508
Acknowledgments.................................................................................509
References..........................................................................................509
XVll
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| dewey-tens | 550 - Earth sciences |
| discipline | Geowissenschaften Geologie / Paläontologie Physik |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift 1994 Napa Calif. gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Konferenzschrift 1994 Napa Calif. |
| id | DE-604.BV009988184 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:44:28Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0939950367 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-006619932 |
| oclc_num | 31684799 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 DE-91 DE-BY-TUM DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-12 DE-29 DE-83 DE-11 DE-M490 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-91 DE-BY-TUM DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-12 DE-29 DE-83 DE-11 DE-M490 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| physical | XVII, 517 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1994 |
| publishDateSearch | 1994 |
| publishDateSort | 1994 |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Reviews in mineralogy |
| series2 | Reviews in mineralogy |
| spelling | Volatiles in magmas Mineralogical Society of America. Ed.: Michael R. Carroll ... Washington, DC 1994 XVII, 517 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Reviews in mineralogy 30 Gases larpcal Magma larpcal Geochemistry Magmas Magmatism Rocks, Igneous Volcanic gases Magma (DE-588)4168516-7 gnd rswk-swf Flüchtiger Stoff (DE-588)4281393-1 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift 1994 Napa Calif. gnd-content Magma (DE-588)4168516-7 s Flüchtiger Stoff (DE-588)4281393-1 s DE-604 Carroll, Michael R. Sonstige oth Reviews in mineralogy 30 (DE-604)BV000002349 30 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006619932&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Volatiles in magmas Reviews in mineralogy Gases larpcal Magma larpcal Geochemistry Magmas Magmatism Rocks, Igneous Volcanic gases Magma (DE-588)4168516-7 gnd Flüchtiger Stoff (DE-588)4281393-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4168516-7 (DE-588)4281393-1 (DE-588)1071861417 |
| title | Volatiles in magmas |
| title_auth | Volatiles in magmas |
| title_exact_search | Volatiles in magmas |
| title_full | Volatiles in magmas Mineralogical Society of America. Ed.: Michael R. Carroll ... |
| title_fullStr | Volatiles in magmas Mineralogical Society of America. Ed.: Michael R. Carroll ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Volatiles in magmas Mineralogical Society of America. Ed.: Michael R. Carroll ... |
| title_short | Volatiles in magmas |
| title_sort | volatiles in magmas |
| topic | Gases larpcal Magma larpcal Geochemistry Magmas Magmatism Rocks, Igneous Volcanic gases Magma (DE-588)4168516-7 gnd Flüchtiger Stoff (DE-588)4281393-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Gases Magma Geochemistry Magmas Magmatism Rocks, Igneous Volcanic gases Flüchtiger Stoff Konferenzschrift 1994 Napa Calif. |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006619932&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV000002349 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT carrollmichaelr volatilesinmagmas |