Child care and culture: lessons from Africa
Child Care and Culture examines parenthood, infancy, and early childhood in an African community, raising provocative questions about "normal" child care. Comparing the Gusii people of Kenya with the American white middle class, the authors show how divergent cultural priorities create dif...
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge Univ. Press
1994
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | Child Care and Culture examines parenthood, infancy, and early childhood in an African community, raising provocative questions about "normal" child care. Comparing the Gusii people of Kenya with the American white middle class, the authors show how divergent cultural priorities create differing conditions for early childhood development Gusii mothers, who bear ten children on average, focus on goals of survival during infancy and compliance during early childhood, following a cultural model of maternal behavior for achieving these goals. Their practices are successful in a local context but diverge sharply from those considered normal or optimal in North America and Europe, especially in terms of cognitive stimulation, social engagement, emotional arousal, verbal responsiveness, and emotional support for exploration and conversation. Combining the perspectives of social anthropology, pediatrics, and developmental psychology, the authors demonstrate how child care customs can be responsive to varied socioeconomic, demographic, and cultural conditions without inflicting harm on children |
| Beschreibung: | XX, 346 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0521331714 |
Internformat
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| 520 | 3 | |a Child Care and Culture examines parenthood, infancy, and early childhood in an African community, raising provocative questions about "normal" child care. Comparing the Gusii people of Kenya with the American white middle class, the authors show how divergent cultural priorities create differing conditions for early childhood development | |
| 520 | |a Gusii mothers, who bear ten children on average, focus on goals of survival during infancy and compliance during early childhood, following a cultural model of maternal behavior for achieving these goals. Their practices are successful in a local context but diverge sharply from those considered normal or optimal in North America and Europe, especially in terms of cognitive stimulation, social engagement, emotional arousal, verbal responsiveness, and emotional support for exploration and conversation. Combining the perspectives of social anthropology, pediatrics, and developmental psychology, the authors demonstrate how child care customs can be responsive to varied socioeconomic, demographic, and cultural conditions without inflicting harm on children | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents
List of tables and figures page vii
Foreword by Urie Bronfenbrenner xi
Acknowledgments xix
Illustrations xxi
Introduction 1
Part I. African infancy: Frameworks for understanding
1 The comparative study of child care 7
2 Infant care in sub Saharan Africa 22
Part II. Parenthood among the Gusii of Kenya
3 Gusii culture: A person centered perspective 57
4 Gusii fertility, marriage, and family 92
5 Pregnancy and birth 121
Part III. Infant care and development in a
Gusii Community
6 Infant care: Cultural norms and
interpersonal environment 143
7 Survival and health: Priorities for
early development 169
8 Communication and social learning during
infancy 196
9 Variations in infant interaction: Illustrative cases 224
Part IV. Interpretations
10 Early child development in an African context:
Comparative lessons 247
Appendix A Fieldwork procedures: Initial
phases and planning 275
vi Contents ;
Appendix B Coding categories for
spot observations 281
Appendix C Blankhart Nutrition Questionnaire 283
Appendix D Temperament Assessment Method 284
Appendix E Coding categories for
narrative observations 287
Appendix F Coding categories for
face to face interaction 289
Appendix G Coding categories for maternal
teaching task 294
Appendix H Supplementary tables 296
Notes 307
References 319
Index 333
f
Tables and figures
Tables
1.1 Framework for the comparative analysis
of child care page 11
2.1 Acts observed of children 3 to 11 years of age:
Gusii compared with the United States and
pooled sample from the Six Cultures Study 48
3.1 Gusii life stages 81
3.2 Gusii child rearing: Implicit goals and norms 89
4.1 Birth and death rates for Kenya and selected
other countries, 1983 94
4.2 Estimates of fertility and child mortality for
selected districts, Kenya Census, 1969 and 1979 95
4.3 Mean number of children ever born to Gusii
women aged 15 to 49, Kenya Census,
1969 and 1979 96
4.4 Gusii longitudinal sample (n = 28):
Family characteristics 115
4.5 Differences in parental characteristics by
religious affiliation 117
5.1 Assessment of perinatal risk:
Maternal characteristics 122
6.1 Substitute caregivers in the 1950s and 1970s 154
6.2 Relationships of nonmaternal day care to
socioeconomic factors 165
6.3 Relationships between caregiving and Bayley
Infant Test Performance 167
7.1 Infant anthropometrics at times of
neonatal examination 172
7.2 Correlations of maternal factors with infant
physical characteristics 173
viii Tables andfigures
13 Neonatal behavioral assessment item scores 175
7.4 Proportion of children having certain foods in a
one day diet history with serving frequency 182
8.1a Mean proportions of maternal behaviors in the
Gusii sample (n = 12) 197
8.1b Mean proportions of maternal behaviors in the
Boston sample (n = 9) 197
8.2 Comparisons of rank orderings of maternal
responses to infant vocalizations, cries, and looks 200
8.3 Mean frequencies of caregiver behaviors 204
8.4 Relative frequencies of caregiver behaviors by
mothers and children 206
8.5 Relative frequencies of infant behaviors 207
8.6 Comparison of relative frequencies of infant
behaviors directed at mothers and children 208
10.1 Maternal attention in early child care: Quantity
and quality 249
D.l Factor loadings on temperament summary
factors 285
E.l Coding categories for narrative observations 287
F.l Face to face interaction: Behaviors scored for
adult and infant 289
F. 2a Infant monadic phases 291
F.2b Adult monadic phases 292
F. 3 Examples of criteria for monadic phase coding 293
G.l Maternal teaching task coding System:
Major categories 294
H.l Performance of Gusii and American infants on
NBAS items and clusters 296
H.2 Correlations of infant physical characteristics and
NBAS scores 298
H.3 Correlations of maternal factors and NBAS
scores 300
H.4 Mean anthropometric measures by age group
and year in Morongo, absolute and relative to
Harvard Growth Standards 302
H.5 Proportion of children having certain foods, and
frequency of serving, in a one day dietary history 303
H.6 Growth parameters (percentage of Standard) by
area and milk consumption for children aged 7
12 and 13 18 months 304
Tables andfigures ix
H.7a Gusii and American infant behaviors: Proportion
of time in monadic phases and the mean
duration of the phases 305
H.7b Gusii and American maternal behaviors:
Proportion of time in monadic phases and the
mean duration of the phases 305
Figures
1.1 Analyzing human parental behavior at the
population level 17
3.1 Map of Gusii within Kenya and Africa 58
3.2 Traditional Gusii house 62
6.1 Social density: Number of people within 5 feet
of infant, by age 157
6.2 Categories of people within 5 feet of infant, by
age of infant 158
6.3 Proximity of mother and omoreri to infant
(within 5 feet), by age of infant 159
6.4 Holding of Gusii infants: frequency by age 160
6.5 Holding of Gusii infants, by caregivers 161
6.6 Mother s infant care as a percentage of all of her
activities, by age of infant 162
6.7 Omoreri ?. infant care as a percentage of all of
her activities, by age of infant 163
6.8 Mean Bayley MDI scores for Gusii and
American infants at 3 month intervals 167
7.1 Mean weight gain of Gusii male infants in
comparison with Harvard Standards 178
7.2 Mean weight gain of Gusii female infants in
comparison with Harvard Standards 179
7.3 Linear growth of Gusii female infants in
comparison with Harvard Standards 180
7.4 Linear growth of Gusii male infants in
comparison with Harvard Standards 180
7.5 Distribution of Gusii children, 0 to 36 months,
in categories of acute malnutrition in each of
three survey years, 1974 1976 183
7.6 Distribution of Gusii children, 0 to 36 months,
in categories of chronic malnutrition in each of
three survey years, 1974 1976 184
x Tables andfigures
8.1 Mean percentage of maternal holding over the
first 10 months, Gusii (n = 12) and American
(n = 9) samples 198
8.2 Mean percentage of maternal looking over the
first 10 months, Gusii (n = 12) and American
(n = 9) samples 199
8.3 Mean percentage of maternal talking over the
first 10 months, Gusii (n = 12) and American
(n = 9) samples 199
8.4 The interactions of Gusii mothers and children
with infants: percentages and frequencies 203
8.5a Percentage of Gusii caregiver behavior: mother 205
8.5b Percentage of Gusii caregiver behavior: child 205
8.6 Mean proportions of crying by age, according to
which caregiver is holding infant 209
8.7 Maternal behavior during videotaped
face to face interaction: mean duration of
monadic phases 212
8.8 Average number of minutes of observations
(total) and minutes in which infant directed
utterances from all caregivers occurred, by infant
age (« = 28) 218
8.9a Infant directed declarative, imperative, and
interrogative utterances from all caregivers, by
infant age (n = 28) 219
8.9b Proportion of infant directed utterances that
were soothing, from all caregivers, by infant age
(/i = 28) 219
8.9c Overall proportions of negative and positive
utterances directed to infants from all caretakers
by infant age (n = 28) 220
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| id | DE-604.BV009960949 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:43:59Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0521331714 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-006601169 |
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| spelling | Child care and culture lessons from Africa Robert A. LeVine ... 1. publ. Cambridge [u.a.] Cambridge Univ. Press 1994 XX, 346 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Child Care and Culture examines parenthood, infancy, and early childhood in an African community, raising provocative questions about "normal" child care. Comparing the Gusii people of Kenya with the American white middle class, the authors show how divergent cultural priorities create differing conditions for early childhood development Gusii mothers, who bear ten children on average, focus on goals of survival during infancy and compliance during early childhood, following a cultural model of maternal behavior for achieving these goals. Their practices are successful in a local context but diverge sharply from those considered normal or optimal in North America and Europe, especially in terms of cognitive stimulation, social engagement, emotional arousal, verbal responsiveness, and emotional support for exploration and conversation. Combining the perspectives of social anthropology, pediatrics, and developmental psychology, the authors demonstrate how child care customs can be responsive to varied socioeconomic, demographic, and cultural conditions without inflicting harm on children Gusii gtt Kinderen gtt Kinderverzorging gtt Opvoeding gtt Kind Child rearing Kenya Kisii District Cross-cultural studies Child rearing Massachusetts Boston Cross-cultural studies Children, Gusii Kenya Kisii District Socialization Kenya Kisii District Cross-cultural studies Socialization Massachusetts Boston Cross-cultural studies Women, Gusii Family relationships Kenya Kisii District Kinderpflege (DE-588)4137105-7 gnd rswk-swf Erziehung (DE-588)4015482-8 gnd rswk-swf Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 gnd rswk-swf Afrika (DE-588)4000695-5 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Afrika (DE-588)4000695-5 g Erziehung (DE-588)4015482-8 s Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 s DE-604 Kinderpflege (DE-588)4137105-7 s LeVine, Robert Alan 1932- Sonstige (DE-588)128922753 oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006601169&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Child care and culture lessons from Africa Gusii gtt Kinderen gtt Kinderverzorging gtt Opvoeding gtt Kind Child rearing Kenya Kisii District Cross-cultural studies Child rearing Massachusetts Boston Cross-cultural studies Children, Gusii Kenya Kisii District Socialization Kenya Kisii District Cross-cultural studies Socialization Massachusetts Boston Cross-cultural studies Women, Gusii Family relationships Kenya Kisii District Kinderpflege (DE-588)4137105-7 gnd Erziehung (DE-588)4015482-8 gnd Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4137105-7 (DE-588)4015482-8 (DE-588)4125698-0 (DE-588)4000695-5 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Child care and culture lessons from Africa |
| title_auth | Child care and culture lessons from Africa |
| title_exact_search | Child care and culture lessons from Africa |
| title_full | Child care and culture lessons from Africa Robert A. LeVine ... |
| title_fullStr | Child care and culture lessons from Africa Robert A. LeVine ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Child care and culture lessons from Africa Robert A. LeVine ... |
| title_short | Child care and culture |
| title_sort | child care and culture lessons from africa |
| title_sub | lessons from Africa |
| topic | Gusii gtt Kinderen gtt Kinderverzorging gtt Opvoeding gtt Kind Child rearing Kenya Kisii District Cross-cultural studies Child rearing Massachusetts Boston Cross-cultural studies Children, Gusii Kenya Kisii District Socialization Kenya Kisii District Cross-cultural studies Socialization Massachusetts Boston Cross-cultural studies Women, Gusii Family relationships Kenya Kisii District Kinderpflege (DE-588)4137105-7 gnd Erziehung (DE-588)4015482-8 gnd Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Gusii Kinderen Kinderverzorging Opvoeding Kind Child rearing Kenya Kisii District Cross-cultural studies Child rearing Massachusetts Boston Cross-cultural studies Children, Gusii Kenya Kisii District Socialization Kenya Kisii District Cross-cultural studies Socialization Massachusetts Boston Cross-cultural studies Women, Gusii Family relationships Kenya Kisii District Kinderpflege Erziehung Kultur Afrika Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006601169&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT levinerobertalan childcareandculturelessonsfromafrica |