Coping with scarcity: microenterprise strategies in Nigeria
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Saarbrücken
Verl. für Entwicklungspolitik Saarbrücken
1996
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Kölner Beiträge zur Entwicklungsländerforschung
22 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | VI, 160 S. graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 3881566287 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804124196894146560 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
—
List of Tables v
List of Diagrams vi
List of Maps vi
1. SMALL MICROENTERPRISES IN THE INFORMAL SECTOR I
1.1. Introduction 1
1.2. Definitions of Small and Microenterprises, Crafts and Small Scale Industries 10
1.3. Conceptual Framework: Hypotheses, Objectives and Research Questions 15
1.4. Sampling and Data Collection 20
1.5. Nigerian Crafts in Historical Perspective 22
1.6. The Structure of the Study 25
2. THE SETTING 27
2.1. Petroleum Exports. From Boom to Doom 28
2.2. Profile of Nigeria s Labour Market 29
2.3. Profile of Nigeria s Informal Sector 33
3. WHO ARE THE SMALL MICROENTREPRENEL RS? 37
3.1. Regional Origin 37
3.2. Ethnic Origin 38
3.3. Age 39
3.4. Education 39
3.5. Ownership of Enterprise 41
3.6. Previous Work Experience 41
3.7. Preferences for Working in the Formal or Informal Sector 42
3.8. Occupational Background of the Craftsmen Fathers 42
4. THE FOUNDATION PHASE 43
4.1. Founder of Business 43
4.2. Business Age and Year of Business Establishment 43
4.3. Start Up Capital 44
4.4. Type of Stan Up Problems 47
4.5. Business Strategies to solve Start Up Problems 48
i
5. EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS 53
5.1. Employment 53
5.2. Number of Full time Workers 55
5.3. Number of Apprentices 55
5.4. Average Wages of Full Time Workers 56
5.5. Labour Recruitment 57
5.6. Duration of Apprenticeship Training 57
5.7. Occupational History of Former Apprentices 58
6. BUSINESS CHARACTERISTICS 61
6.1. Characteristics of Equipment Goods and Production 61
6.1.1. Type of Major Tools and Machines 62
6.1.2. Average Age of Equipment Goods 62
6.1.3. Sources of Supply (Equipment) 62
6.1.4. Cooperation 63
6.1.5. Service and Repair 64
6.1.6. Origin of Equipment Goods 64
6.1.7. Product Diversification 65
6.1.8. Production and Demand Changes (1st Product) 66
6.1.9. Average Price per Unit 67
6.1.10. Mode of Production 67
6.1.11. Change of Product and Product Design 67
6.2. Forward and Backward Linkages 69
6.2.1. Subcontracting 69
6.2.2. Type and Origin of Customers 69
6.3. Business Success 70
6.3.1. Reasons for Business Success 71
6.3.2. Reasons for Business Failure 72
6.4. Best Business Times 73
6.5. Worst Business Times 75
6.6. Business Climate in 1985 77
6.7. Income 78
6.7.1. Monthly Incomes in Bad Business Times 78
6.7.2. Monthly Incomes in Good Business Times 78
6.8. Amount of Capital Investment 79
6.9. Planned Expansion, Reasons, and Associated Problems 80
6.10.Business Strategies to solve Expansion Problems 81
6.11 .Government Assistance 81
ii
7. BUSINESS PROBLEMS AND BUSINESS STRATEGIES 83
7.1. Major Business Problems 83
7.2. Problem Solving Strategies 84
7.2.1. General Suggestions 84
7.2.2. Business Strategies 86
7.2.3. Specific Problem Domains 87
7.3. Problem Domain Finance 89
7.3.1. Credit 89
7.3.2. Insolvency of Customers 90
7.3.3. Foreign Exchange 91
7.4. Problem Domains Competition Demand 92
7.4.1. Sluggish Demand 92
7.4.2. Competition 94
7.5. Problem Domain Equipment 95
7.5.1. Imports 95
7.5.2. Tools and Machines 96
7.5.3. Spare Parts 97
7.5.4. Inexpensive Machines and Tools 98
7.5.5. Quality of Tools and Machines
7.5.6. Service and Repair 99
, 7.6. Problem Domains Location and Utilities 00
7.6.1. Electricity 100
7.6.2. Workshop I01
7.6.3. Business Location 102
7.6.4. Sewage System 103
7.6.5. Water I03
7.7. Problem Domain Raw Material Supply 103
7.7.1. Raw Materials 104
7.7.2, Fuel 105
Summary I06
8. CRAFT UNIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS 109
8.1. Introducing Grassroots Organizations 109
8.2. Membership in Craft Associations
8.3. Reasons for Non Membership
8.4. Membership by Type of Organization
8.5. Management
8.6. Size of Association and Number of Members 115
8.7. Founding Year 115
8.8. Main Purposes of Unions 116
8.9. Services and Efficiency of Craft Unions 117
iii
9. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS 121
9.1. Summary 121
9.2. Summary of Chapters 122
9.3. Problem Domains and Policy Issues 132
9.4. Specific Policy and Project Recommendations 134
9.4.1. Policy Dialogue 134
9.4.2. Problem Analysis and Promotion Needs 135
9.4.3. Objectives Analysis 136
9.4.4. Outputs 137
9.4.5. Project Holder 144
9.5. Business Problems of a Microentrepreneur in Ibadan s Informal Sector 145
9.6. Structural Adjustment: A Challenge for the Microenterprise Sector? 148
Bibliographical References 151
iv
List of Tables
Table 1: Number of Craftsmen Surveyed by Type of Branch and Sampling City 22
Table 2: Percentage Changes in Sectoral Distribution of Federal Government 30
Expenditure Estimates, 1981 1985
Table 3: Small Scale Industry by Sector in Lagos, Western, Mid Western and 35
Kwara States
Table 4: Own Capital as Source of Start up Finance (Pet) and Average Amount 44
in Naira by Subsamples
Table 5: Credit Sources of Initial Finance (Pet) and Average Amount in Naira 45
By Subsamples
Table 6: Changes in Employment since Start of Business 53
Table 7: Total Number of Workers at Start of Business and in 1985 54
Table 8: Number of Apprentices at Stan of Business and in 1985 by Subsamples 56
Table 9: Average Wages of Full Time Workers 57
Table 10: Type of Major Tools and Machines used by Wood and Metal Crafts 61
Table 11: Type of Products Manufactured 65
Table 12: Linkages with other Small Firms by Subsamples 69
Table 13: Best and Worst Business Years 75
Table 14: Mean Monthly Income in Good Business Times by Sampling City 79
and Branch
Table 15: Most Difficult Business Problems 83
Table 16: First Business Problem by Subsamples 84
Table 17: Specific Business Problems (Ranked) 88
Table 18: Business Strategies related to Obtaining Credit 89
Table 19: Business Strategies related to Sluggish Demand 93
Table 20: Business Strategies related to Obtaining Imports 96
Table 21: Business Strategies related to Insufficient Electricity Supply 101
Table 22: Business Strategies related to Obtaining Raw Materials 105
Table 23: Membership by Type of Organization and Subsamples 113
Table 24: Problem Domains and Adaptability by Subsamples 165
v
List of Diagrams
Diagram 1: Target Groups 10
Diagram 2: Visualizing Definitions Small and Microenterprises, Crafts and 13
Small Scale Industries
Diagram 3: Previous Work Experience by Sampling City 41
Diagram 4: Occupational Background of the Craftsmen Fathers by Subsamples 42
Diagram 5: Founders of the Businesses Surveyed 43
Diagram 6: Stan Up Problem No. 1 by Subsamples 47
Diagram 7: Business Strategies to solve Start Up Problems 50
Diagram 8: Mean Total Number of Workers in 1985 by Subsamples 54
Diagram 9: Average Number of Apprentices who started own Businesses 59
by Subsamples
Diagram 10: Purchase of Tools and Machines: Brand new or Second Hand? 62
Diagram 11: Sources of Supply of Tools and Machines 63
Diagram 12: Sharing Equipment with other Businesses (y/n) 3
Diagram 13: Service and Repair of Tools and Machines by Subsamples 64
Diagram 14: Origin of Tools and Machines 64
Diagram 15: Production and Demand Change by Sampling City 66
Diagram 16: Mode of Production by Subsamples 67
Diagram 17: Change of Product 68
Diagram 18: Product Design by Sampling City 6o
Diagram 19: Type of Customers by Sampling City 70
Diagram 20: Assessment of Business Success by Sampling City 71
Diagram 21: Best Business Year by Sampling City 73
Diagram 22: Best Business Year by Subsamples 74
Diagram 23: Worst Business Year by Sampling City 76
Diagram 24: Worst Business Year by Subsamples 76
Diagram 25: Problems Related to Intended Business Expansion 80
Diagram 26: Problem Domains in Descending Order of Importance by Subsamples 107
Diagram 27: Membership in Craft Associations by Subsamples U
Diagram 28: Reasons for Non Membership in Craft Unions l1^
Diagram 29: Average Size of Craft Associations by Subsamples
Diagram 30: Kind of Assistance by Craft Associations to solve Business Problems 117
Diagram 31: Kind of Specific Assistance by Associations since Austerity °
Diagram 32: Expected Assistance from Craft Associations
List of Maps
Map 1: The States of Nigeria States (since 1983) 37
Map 2: Ethnic Groups 38
vi
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| geographic | Nigeria (DE-588)4042300-1 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Nigeria |
| id | DE-604.BV009839209 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:41:50Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3881566287 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-006515673 |
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| physical | VI, 160 S. graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 1996 |
| publishDateSearch | 1996 |
| publishDateSort | 1996 |
| publisher | Verl. für Entwicklungspolitik Saarbrücken |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Kölner Beiträge zur Entwicklungsländerforschung |
| series2 | Kölner Beiträge zur Entwicklungsländerforschung |
| spelling | Menkhoff, Thomas 1959- Verfasser (DE-588)120023849 aut Coping with scarcity microenterprise strategies in Nigeria Thomas Menkhoff ; Hans Dieter Seibel Saarbrücken Verl. für Entwicklungspolitik Saarbrücken 1996 VI, 160 S. graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Kölner Beiträge zur Entwicklungsländerforschung 22 Small business Nigeria Unternehmenstyp (DE-588)4117299-1 gnd rswk-swf Kleingewerbe (DE-588)4223615-0 gnd rswk-swf Strategisches Management (DE-588)4124261-0 gnd rswk-swf Klein- und Mittelbetrieb (DE-588)4031031-0 gnd rswk-swf Nigeria (DE-588)4042300-1 gnd rswk-swf Nigeria (DE-588)4042300-1 g Klein- und Mittelbetrieb (DE-588)4031031-0 s DE-604 Kleingewerbe (DE-588)4223615-0 s Unternehmenstyp (DE-588)4117299-1 s Strategisches Management (DE-588)4124261-0 s Seibel, Hans Dieter 1941- Verfasser (DE-588)106180460 aut Kölner Beiträge zur Entwicklungsländerforschung 22 (DE-604)BV000651178 22 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006515673&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Menkhoff, Thomas 1959- Seibel, Hans Dieter 1941- Coping with scarcity microenterprise strategies in Nigeria Kölner Beiträge zur Entwicklungsländerforschung Small business Nigeria Unternehmenstyp (DE-588)4117299-1 gnd Kleingewerbe (DE-588)4223615-0 gnd Strategisches Management (DE-588)4124261-0 gnd Klein- und Mittelbetrieb (DE-588)4031031-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4117299-1 (DE-588)4223615-0 (DE-588)4124261-0 (DE-588)4031031-0 (DE-588)4042300-1 |
| title | Coping with scarcity microenterprise strategies in Nigeria |
| title_auth | Coping with scarcity microenterprise strategies in Nigeria |
| title_exact_search | Coping with scarcity microenterprise strategies in Nigeria |
| title_full | Coping with scarcity microenterprise strategies in Nigeria Thomas Menkhoff ; Hans Dieter Seibel |
| title_fullStr | Coping with scarcity microenterprise strategies in Nigeria Thomas Menkhoff ; Hans Dieter Seibel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coping with scarcity microenterprise strategies in Nigeria Thomas Menkhoff ; Hans Dieter Seibel |
| title_short | Coping with scarcity |
| title_sort | coping with scarcity microenterprise strategies in nigeria |
| title_sub | microenterprise strategies in Nigeria |
| topic | Small business Nigeria Unternehmenstyp (DE-588)4117299-1 gnd Kleingewerbe (DE-588)4223615-0 gnd Strategisches Management (DE-588)4124261-0 gnd Klein- und Mittelbetrieb (DE-588)4031031-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Small business Nigeria Unternehmenstyp Kleingewerbe Strategisches Management Klein- und Mittelbetrieb Nigeria |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006515673&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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