Entrepreneurship in suppressed markets: private sector experience in China
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York [u.a.]
Garland
1994
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Garland studies in entrepreneurship
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Teilw. zugl.: Diss. |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 200 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0815316437 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION 3
1.1 Objectives of the Study 3
1.2 The Literature of Entrepreneurship 4
1.3 Rationale 5
1.4 Organization of the Study 7
1.5 Data of the Study 8
CHAPTER 2
THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP 13
2.1 Introduction 13
2.2 The Economic Role of Entrepreneurship 14
2.3 Dividing Views of Entrepreneurship 20
2.4 The Need to Identify Entrepreneurial Activities 24
2.5 A Taxonomy of Entrepreneurial Activities 27
2.6 Concluding Comments 32
CHAPTER 3
OPPORTUNITIES IN SUPPRESSED MARKETS 39
3.1 Introduction 39
3.2 Disequilibria in Suppressed Markets 40
3.3 Innovative Entrepreneurship: Chance and Impact 44
3.4 Equilibrating Entrepreneurship and Rent Dissipation 47
3.5 Concluding Comments 51
Appendix 54
CHAPTER 4
THE WANING PRIVATE BUSINESS OF THE 1950S 61
4.1 Introduction 61
4.2 The Socialist Transformation 62
4.3 The Capitalists in a Socialist Command Economy 64
4.4 The Transformed Nature of Private Entrepreneurs 66
4.5 Abolition of the State Capitalism 70
vii
4.6 Concluding Comments 72
CHAPTER 5
THE STRUGGLE FOR SURVIVAL IN THE MAO ERA 77
5.1 Introduction 77
5.2 Ideology v.s. Pragmatism 78
5.3 The Growth of the Cellular Economy 81
5.4 Private Business in the People s Commune 86
5.5 Street Peddlers under Suppression 92
5.6 The Business Lurking Underground 94
5.7 Concluding Comments 97
CHAPTER 6
THE PRIVATE PIONEERS OF REFORMS 107
6.1 Introduction 107
6.2 An Overall Revival of the Private Sector 108
6.3 Groping for Planted Stones 113
6.4 The Peasant Reformers 118
6.5 An Ever Growing Supplementary Role 122
6.6 Concluding Comments 126
CHAPTER 7
FORTUNE IN A SEMI MARKET ECONOMY 135
7.1 Introduction 135
7.2 The Road to Tiananmen 136
7.3 Loopholes in Contract Responsibility 146
7.4 Corruption Everywhere 155
7.5 Concluding Comments 161
CHAPTER 8
EPILOGUE: PROSPECTS FOR THE FUTURE 171
8.1 Introduction 171
8.2 A Short lived Setback of Reforms 172
8.3 Pragmatic Considerations of the 1990s 175
8.4 Prospects after Deng 179
BIBLIOGRAPHY 187
INDEX 197
viii
LIST OF TABLES
Table 5.1 Efficiency Indicators of the State Owned Enterprises ... 96
Table 6.1 The Number of People Engaged in Individual Industrial
and Commercial Business Ill
Table 6.2 Average Annual Per Capita Income
of Rural Households 119
Table 6.3 Growth of Rural Industries 121
Table 7.1 Economic Efficiency of State Owned
Industrial Enterprises 150
Table 7.2 Subsidy to State Owned Enterprises as
Ratio to State Budget Deficit 151
Table 8.1 Annual Growth Rate of
Gross Output Value of Industry 177
ix
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1 Equilibrating Entrepreneurial Activity 17
Figure 2.2 Disequilibrating Entrepreneurial Activity 18
Figure 2.3 Market Creation (Supply Side) 19
Figure 2.4 Market Creation (Demand Side) 20
Figure 2.5 Contrived Surplus in a Suppressed Market 29
Figure 2.6 A Taxonomy of Entrepreneurial Activities 31
Figure 2.7 Two Perspectives on Entrepreneurial Activities 33
Figure 3.1 The Gun Market 43
Figure 3.2 The Butter Market 43
Figure 3.3 Innovative Activity in a Market with a Price Floor ... 46
Figure 3.4 Innovative Activity in a Market with a Price Ceiling .. 46
Figure 3.5 Suppressed Market Signals 48
Figure 3.6 Deadweight Loss in a Suppressed Market
with Black Market Transaction 57
Figure 4.1 Processing Orders as Percentage of
Gross Product Value of Private Industry 67
Figure 4.2 Ownership Structure in China s Industry 71
Figure 4.3 Ownership Structure in China s Commerce 72
Figure 5.1 Price Indexes of Consumer Goods 87
Figure 5.2 People Engaged in Individual Urban Industrial and
Commercial Business 93
Figure 6.1 Shares of Gross Output Value of Industry
by Ownership (1980 1990) 109
Figure 6.2 Shares of Retail Sales by Ownership of
Selling Agents (1977 1990) 110
Figure 7.1 Inflation Rate of Overall Retail Price 136
Figure 7.2 Embezzlement and Bribery Cases 137
Figure 7.3 First Trial Cases at Court
Criminal vs. Economic Disputes 139
Figure 7.4 Change of Gini Coefficients (1981 1989) 140
Figure 7.5 Average Annual Wages in Comparison 141
Figure 7.6 Monthly Per Capita Income Distribution of
Three High Income Cities (1985) 142
X
List of Figures
Figure 7.7 Relative Levels of Provincial Average Wage 143
Figure 7.8 Subsidy to State Owned Enterprises (1986 1990) .... 151
Figure 7.9 Exports and Imports (1978 1990) 154
Figure 7.10 State Budget Balance (1981 1990) 154
Figure 7.11 State Revenue as a Percentage of National Income .. 155
Figure 7.12 Growth of Per Capita National Income (1978 1990). 162
xi
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| genre_facet | Hochschulschrift |
| geographic | China Economic policy 1976-2000 China (DE-588)4009937-4 gnd |
| geographic_facet | China Economic policy 1976-2000 China |
| id | DE-604.BV009795541 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:40:59Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0815316437 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-006480344 |
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| physical | XV, 200 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1994 |
| publishDateSearch | 1994 |
| publishDateSort | 1994 |
| publisher | Garland |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Garland studies in entrepreneurship |
| spelling | Lu, Ding Verfasser aut Entrepreneurship in suppressed markets private sector experience in China Ding Lu New York [u.a.] Garland 1994 XV, 200 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Garland studies in entrepreneurship Teilw. zugl.: Diss. Politik Wirtschaftspolitik Small business Government policy China Small business China Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 gnd rswk-swf Privatunternehmen (DE-588)4175755-5 gnd rswk-swf China Economic policy 1976-2000 China (DE-588)4009937-4 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content China (DE-588)4009937-4 g Privatunternehmen (DE-588)4175755-5 s Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006480344&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Lu, Ding Entrepreneurship in suppressed markets private sector experience in China Politik Wirtschaftspolitik Small business Government policy China Small business China Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 gnd Privatunternehmen (DE-588)4175755-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4020517-4 (DE-588)4175755-5 (DE-588)4009937-4 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | Entrepreneurship in suppressed markets private sector experience in China |
| title_auth | Entrepreneurship in suppressed markets private sector experience in China |
| title_exact_search | Entrepreneurship in suppressed markets private sector experience in China |
| title_full | Entrepreneurship in suppressed markets private sector experience in China Ding Lu |
| title_fullStr | Entrepreneurship in suppressed markets private sector experience in China Ding Lu |
| title_full_unstemmed | Entrepreneurship in suppressed markets private sector experience in China Ding Lu |
| title_short | Entrepreneurship in suppressed markets |
| title_sort | entrepreneurship in suppressed markets private sector experience in china |
| title_sub | private sector experience in China |
| topic | Politik Wirtschaftspolitik Small business Government policy China Small business China Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 gnd Privatunternehmen (DE-588)4175755-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Politik Wirtschaftspolitik Small business Government policy China Small business China Geschichte Privatunternehmen China Economic policy 1976-2000 China Hochschulschrift |
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