Investigations into the development of subsidence at South African coal mines:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
1993
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Clausthal, Techn. Univ., Diss., 1993 |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 124 S. graph. Darst. |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Schümann, Eberhard |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Investigations into the development of subsidence at South African coal mines |c vorgelegt von Eberhard Schümann |
| 264 | 1 | |c 1993 | |
| 300 | |a XV, 124 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
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| 500 | |a Clausthal, Techn. Univ., Diss., 1993 | ||
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(V)
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
PAGE
ABSTRACT
I
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
III
CONTENTS
V
LIST
OF
FIGURES
IX
LIST
OF
TABLES
XII
LIST
OF
SYMBOLS
AND
NOTATIONS
XIII
LIST
OF
ABBREVIATIONS
AND
MNEMONICS
XV
1
INTRODUCTION
1
1.1
THE
ROLE
OF
SURFACE
SUBSIDENCE
IN
SOUTH
AFRICA
1
1.1.1
COAL
PRODUCTION
TRENDS
IN
SOUTH
AFRICA
1
1.1.2
UNDERMINING
RESTRICTIONS
BY
STATUTORY
SURFACE
PROTECTION
2
1.1.3
LEASE
AREAS
AFFECTED
BY
MINING
RESTRICTIONS
3
1.2
GENERAL
NEED
AND
AIMS
OF
SUBSIDENCE
RESEARCH
4
1.3
CONCLUSION
4
2
OBJECTIVES
OF
THE
INVESTIGATION
INTO
SUBSIDENCE
5
2.1
METHODOLOGY
OF
THE
INVESTIGATION
5
2.2
REVIEW
OF
PREVIOUS
WORK
6
2.2.1
EMPIRICAL
SUBSIDENCE
MODELS
6
2.2.2
THEORETICAL
CONTINUUM
MODELS
8
2.3
VALIDITY
AND
LIMITATIONS
OF
SUBSIDENCE
MODELS
8
2.3.1
REPRESENTATION
OF
SUBSIDENCE
BY
PROFILE
FUNCTIONS
9
2.3.2
EMPIRICAL
SOLUTIONS
BY
INFLUENCE
FUNCTIONS
9
2.3.3
LIMITS
OF
APPLICATION
OF
THE
ELASTIC
MODEL
9
2.4
SCOPE
OF
THE
INVESTIGATION
AND
APPLICATION
OF
RESULTS
10
2.5
CONCLUSIONS
10
3
STRATIGRAPHY
AND
MINE
LAYOUT
AT
SOUTH
AFRICAN
COLLIERIES
11
3.1
GEOLOGY
OF
THE
COAL
MEASURES
IN
SOUTH
AFRICA
12
3.1.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
DISTRIBUTION
OF
SOUTH
AFRICAN
COAL
FIELDS
12
3.1.2
DEPOSITION
OF
THE
COAL
MEASURES
IN
SOUTH
AFRICA
13
3.1.3
REGIONAL
OCCURRENCE
OF
DOLERITE
INTRUSIONS
INTO
THE
COAL
MEASURES
13
3.1.4
MECHANICAL
PROPERTIES
OF
THE
COAL
MEASURE
ROCKS
13
3.1.5
STRENGTH
PROPERTIES
OF
DOLERITE
15.
3.2
METHODS
OF
COAL
EXTRACTION
AND
MINE
LAYOUT
15
3.2.1
SITES
COVERED
BY
THE
PRESENT
INVESTIGATION
16
3.2.2
SECONDARY
EXTRACTION
OF
PILLARS
16
3.2.3
TOTAL
EXTRACTION
BY
THE
LONGWALL
METHODS
18
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
(VI)
4
REVIEW
OF
STRESS
AND
DEFORMATION IN
COMPETENT
STRATA
21
4.1
STRESSES
IN
SUPERINCUMBENT
STRATA
21
4.1.1
PRIMITIVE
STRESS
IN
VIRGIN
GROUND
21
4.1.2
REGIONS
OF
STRESS
IN
SUPERINCUMBENT
STRATA
21
4.2
DEFORMATION
AND
FAILURE
OF
STRATA
22
4.2.1
STRESS
AND
DISPLACEMENT
IN
PLATES
23
4.2.2
BEAM
ANALOGY
24
4.2.3
.
TENSILE
FAILURE
24
4.2.4
RUPTURE
OF
A
BEAM
25
4.2.5
THE
COLLAPSE
OF
STRATA
UNITS
26
4.2.6
DISCUSSION
26
4.3 CAVING
AND
BULKING
OF
ROOF
STRATA
27
4.3.1
CAVING
OF
THE
NETHER
ROOF
27
4.3.2
COMPACTING
OF
THE
WASTE
MATERIAL
28
4.3.3
BEHAVIOUR
OF
THE
WASTE
ROCK
28
4.3.4
ULTIMATE
CAVING
HEIGHT
H
C
.
29
4.4
SUBSIDENCE
CONTROLLED
BY
BULKING-CONTROLLED
CAVING
29
4.4.1
MAXIMUM
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
SHALLOW
WORKINGS
29
4.4.2
MAXIMUM
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
DEEPER
WORKINGS
30
4.4.3
DISCUSSION
31
4.4.4
ESTIMATION
OF
THE
PARAMETERS
K
O
AND
P
C
31
4.5
PARTING
PLANE
CONTROLLED
CAVING
32
4.5.1
FLEXURAL
RIGIDITY
OF
STRATA
32
4.5.2
IDENTIFICATION
OF
PARTING
PLANES
33
4.5.3
TENSILE
STRENGTH
AND
THE
CRITICAL
SPAN
LYY
33
4.6
CONCLUSIONS
34
5
PRESENTATION
OF
SUBSIDENCE
MONITORING
RESULTS
35
5.1
DEVELOPMENT
OF
A
SUBSIDENCE
TROUGH
35
5.1.1
REGION
OF
THE
FIRST
BREAK
35
5.1.2
LONGITUDINAL
SECTIONS
OF
SUBSIDENCE
TROUGHS
41
5.1.3
TRANSVERSE
SECTIONS
OF
SUBSIDENCE
TROUGHS
44
5.1.4
TRANSVERSE
SECTION
ACROSS
ADJACENT
EXTRACTION
PANELS
45
5.1.5
TRANSVERSE
TROUGH
SECTIONS
ACROSS
MULTI-SEAM
WORKINGS
46
5.1.6
DYNAMIC
VERTICAL
DISPLACEMENT
46
5.2
PROFILES
OF
TILT
AND
CURVATURE
50
5.2.1
LONGITUDINAL
PROFILES
OF
TILT
AND
CURVATURE
50
5.2.2
TRANSVERSE
PROFILES
OF
TILT
AND
CURVATURE
52
5.3
DYNAMIC
HORIZONTAL
DISPLACEMENTS
53
5.3.1
HORIZONTAL
DISPLACEMENTS
ABOVE
'FIRST
SEAM
'
EXTRACTION
PANELS
53
5.3.2
HORIZONTAL
DISPLACEMENTS
ABOVE
MULTI-SEAM
WORKINGS
AT
SIGMA
COLLIERY
54
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
(VII)
5.4
ANOMALOUS
TROUGH
SUBSIDENCE
56
5.4.1
TROUGH
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
LONGWALL-7
AT
COALBROOK
COLLIERY
56
5.4.2
SURFACE
SUBSIDENCE
DUE
TO
SHEAR
FAILURE
AT
SIGMA
COLLIERY,
LONGWALL-3
56
5.5
SUMMARY
OF
MONITORING
RESULTS
56
5.5.1
SUBSIDENCE
TROUGH
STATISTICS
FOR
PILLAR
EXTRACTION
PANELS
57
5.5.2
STATISTICS
FOR
SUBSIDENCE
TROUGHS
ABOVE
LONGWALL
EXTRACTION
PANELS
59
5.5.3
MAXIMUM
TROUGH
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
LONGWALL
PANELS
64
5.5.4
MAXIMUM
TILT
AND
CURVATURE
66
5.5.5
MAXIMUM
HORIZONTAL
DISPLACEMENT
66
5.5.6
MAXIMUM
GROUND
STRAIN
67
5.5.7
POSITION
OF
THE
INFLECTION
POINT
IP
67
5.5.8
VALUES
OF
SMALL
SURFACE
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
ABUTMENT
EDGES
68
5.6
CONCLUSION
68
6
ANALYSIS
AND
COMPARISON
OF
RESULTS
71
6.1
INTRODUCTION
71
6.1.1
CRITICAL
DIMENSIONS
OF
A
SUBSIDENCE
TROUGH
71
6.1.2
DEFORMATION
AND
FAILURE
OF
SUPERINCUMBENT
STRATA
72
6.2
ANALYSIS
AND
CORRELATION
OF
RESULTS
73
6.2.1
SUBSIDENCE
CONTROLLED
BY
COMPETENT
STRATA
73
6.2.1.1
CRITICAL
SPAN
S,
FF
OF
A
DOLERITE
SILL
AND
CRITICAL
MINING
SPAN,
S
74
6.2.1.2
THE
CRITICAL
SPAN
L
CR
,
AND
MINING
SPAN
L
C
UNDER
SANDSTONE/SHALE
STRATA
76
6.2.2
CRITICAL
PANEL
DIMENSIONS
78
6.2.3
SUBSIDENCE
LIMITED
BY
THE
COMPACTION
OF
WASTE
ROCK
80
6.2.3.1
BULKING
CONTROLLED
CAVING
81
6.2.3.2
PARTING
PLANE
CONTROLLED
CAVING
83
6.2.3.3
DISCUSSION
84
6.3
MAXIMUM
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
TOTAL
EXTRACTION
PANELS
85
6.3.1
MAXIMUM
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
EXTRACTION
PANELS
UNDER
A
DOLERITE
SILL
85
6.3.1.1
SUBSIDENCE
AT
SIGMA
COLLIERY
85
6.3.1.2
SUBSIDENCE
AT
COALBROOK
COLLIERY
87
6.3.1.3
SUBSIDENCE
AT
NEW
DENMARK
COLLIERY
88
6.3.1.4
SUBSIDENCE
AT
DURBAN
NAVIGATION
COLLIERY
89
6.3.1.5
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
PILLAR
EXTRACTION
PANELS
90
6.3.1.6
DISCUSSION
OF
RESULTS
90
6.3.2
MAXIMUM
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
EXTRACTION
PANELS
UNDER
SANDSTONE
STRATA
91
6.3.2.1
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
LONGWALLS
AT
MATLA
COLLIERY
91
6.3.2.2
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
LONGWALLS
AT
BRANDSPRUIT
COLLIERY
92
6.3.2.3
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
PILLAR
EXTRACTION
PANELS
92
6.3.3
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
MULTI-SEAM
TOTAL
EXTRACTION
PANELS
93
6.3.3.1
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
'
SECOND
SEAM
'
EXTRACTIONS
AT
SIGMA
COLLIERY
93
6.3.3.2
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
'BOTTOM
SEAM
'
EXTRACTIONS
AT
DNC
93
6.3.4
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
INTERPANEL
PILLARS
94
6.3.5
THE
CRITICAL
PANEL
DIMENSIONS
L
C
AND
W
C
,
AT
VARIOUS
COLLIERIES
95
6.3.5.1
CRITICAL
MINOR
LATERAL
PANEL
DIMENSION
L
C
96
6.3.5.2
CRITICAL
MAJOR
LATERAL
PANEL
WIDTH
W
C
96
6.3.6
MAXIMUM
SUBSIDENCE
RELATED
TO
THE
CRITICAL
PANEL
WIDTH
W
C
98
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
(VIII)
7.7
CONCLUSIONS
118
6.3.7
SUMMARY
DISCUSSIONS
AND
INTERPRETATION
OF
RESULTS
99
6.4
CORRELATION
BETWEEN
SUBSIDENCE
COMPONENTS
AND
DERIVATIVES
TILT,
CURVATURE
AND
GROUND
STRAIN
102
6.4.1
6.4.1.1
6.4.1.2
6.4.1.3
6.4.2
6.4.2.1
6.4.2.2
6.4.3
6.4.4
6.4.5
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
SUBSIDENCE
DERIVATIVES
AND
THE
W/H
-
RATIO
102
MAXIMUM
TILT
FACTOR,
K3
103
MAXIMUM
STRAIN
FACTORS,
KI
AND
K2
103
PROPORTIONALITY
FACTOR
K4
FOR
MAXIMUM
GROUND
CURVATURE
104
HORIZONTAL
DISPLACEMENT
AND
TILT
105
DISPLACEMENT
DUE
TO
TILT
OF
HINGED
PLATES
105
EMPIRICAL
TILT
/
DISPLACEMENT
RELATIONSHIP
105
EMPIRICAL
CURVATURE
/
STRAIN
RELATIONSHIP
106
K-FACTORS
FOR
TILT,
STRAIN,
CURVATURE
AND
HORIZONTAL
DISPLACEMENT
107
LIMITATIONS
OF
CORRELATIONS
AND
K-FACTORS
108
6.5
6.5.1
6.5.2
POST-MINING
SUBSIDENCE
109
TIME-RELATED
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
THE
ACTIVE
MINING
ZONE
OF
INFLUENCE
109
POST-MINING
SUBSIDENCE
109
6.6
CONCLUSIONS
ILL
7
SUMMARY
AND
CONCLUSIONS
112
7.1
THE
FAILURE
MECHANISM
OF
COMPETENT
SUPERINCUMBENT
STRATA
112
7.2
SUBSIDENCE
MODEL
FOR
'
FIRST
SEAM
'
TOTAL
EXTRACTION
MINING
114
7.3
SUBSIDENCE
MODEL
FOR
'
MULTI-SEAM
'
TOTAL
EXTRACTION
MINING
115
7.4
GENERAL
SUMMARY
OF
THE
FINDINGS
ON
LOCAL
SUBSIDENCE
TROUGHS
115
7.5
PREDICTION
OF
SUBSIDENCE
ABOVE
TOTAL
EXTRACTION
PANELS
117
7.6
LIMITATIONS
OF
RESULTS
OF
THE
INVESTIGATION
117
LIST
OF
LITERATURE
REFERENCES
120
SUPPLEMENTS:
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CURRICULUM
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S-L
GERMAN
TRANSLATION
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AND
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TABLE
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CONTENTS |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Schümann, Eberhard |
| author_facet | Schümann, Eberhard |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Schümann, Eberhard |
| author_variant | e s es |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV009758414 |
| classification_rvk | QR 530 |
| classification_tum | BER 620d GEO 278d BER 200d |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)612567358 (DE-599)BVBBV009758414 |
| discipline | Geowissenschaften Bergbau Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Hochschulschrift |
| geographic | Südafrika (DE-588)4078012-0 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Südafrika |
| id | DE-604.BV009758414 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-08-17T01:02:06Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-006455101 |
| oclc_num | 612567358 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-91 DE-BY-TUM DE-29 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-83 DE-11 |
| owner_facet | DE-91 DE-BY-TUM DE-29 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-83 DE-11 |
| physical | XV, 124 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1993 |
| publishDateSearch | 1993 |
| publishDateSort | 1993 |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Schümann, Eberhard Verfasser aut Investigations into the development of subsidence at South African coal mines vorgelegt von Eberhard Schümann 1993 XV, 124 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Clausthal, Techn. Univ., Diss., 1993 Kohlenbergbau (DE-588)4031646-4 gnd rswk-swf Deckgebirge (DE-588)4301985-7 gnd rswk-swf Untertagebau (DE-588)4062035-9 gnd rswk-swf Bergsenkung (DE-588)4203560-0 gnd rswk-swf Steinkohlenbergbau (DE-588)4057195-6 gnd rswk-swf Südafrika (DE-588)4078012-0 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Südafrika (DE-588)4078012-0 g Steinkohlenbergbau (DE-588)4057195-6 s Untertagebau (DE-588)4062035-9 s Bergsenkung (DE-588)4203560-0 s Deckgebirge (DE-588)4301985-7 s DE-604 Kohlenbergbau (DE-588)4031646-4 s DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006455101&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Schümann, Eberhard Investigations into the development of subsidence at South African coal mines Kohlenbergbau (DE-588)4031646-4 gnd Deckgebirge (DE-588)4301985-7 gnd Untertagebau (DE-588)4062035-9 gnd Bergsenkung (DE-588)4203560-0 gnd Steinkohlenbergbau (DE-588)4057195-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4031646-4 (DE-588)4301985-7 (DE-588)4062035-9 (DE-588)4203560-0 (DE-588)4057195-6 (DE-588)4078012-0 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | Investigations into the development of subsidence at South African coal mines |
| title_auth | Investigations into the development of subsidence at South African coal mines |
| title_exact_search | Investigations into the development of subsidence at South African coal mines |
| title_full | Investigations into the development of subsidence at South African coal mines vorgelegt von Eberhard Schümann |
| title_fullStr | Investigations into the development of subsidence at South African coal mines vorgelegt von Eberhard Schümann |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigations into the development of subsidence at South African coal mines vorgelegt von Eberhard Schümann |
| title_short | Investigations into the development of subsidence at South African coal mines |
| title_sort | investigations into the development of subsidence at south african coal mines |
| topic | Kohlenbergbau (DE-588)4031646-4 gnd Deckgebirge (DE-588)4301985-7 gnd Untertagebau (DE-588)4062035-9 gnd Bergsenkung (DE-588)4203560-0 gnd Steinkohlenbergbau (DE-588)4057195-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Kohlenbergbau Deckgebirge Untertagebau Bergsenkung Steinkohlenbergbau Südafrika Hochschulschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006455101&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT schumanneberhard investigationsintothedevelopmentofsubsidenceatsouthafricancoalmines |