Behind the front lines of the civil war: political parties and social movements in Russia, 1918 - 1922
Countering the powerful myth that the civil war in Russia was largely between the "Whites" and the "Reds," Vladimir Brovkin views the struggle as a multifaceted social and political process. Brovkin focuses not so much on armies and governments as on the interaction of state inst...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Princeton, NJ
Princeton Univ. Press
1994
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Publisher description Table of contents Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | Countering the powerful myth that the civil war in Russia was largely between the "Whites" and the "Reds," Vladimir Brovkin views the struggle as a multifaceted social and political process. Brovkin focuses not so much on armies and governments as on the interaction of state institutions, political parties, and social movements on both Red and White territories. In the process, he exposes tbe weaknesses of the various warring factions in a Russia plagued by strikes, mutinies, desertion, and rebellions. The Whites benefited from popular resistance to the Reds, and the Reds, from resistance to the Whites. In Brovkin's view, neither regime enjoyed popular support. Pacification campaigns, mass shooting, deportations, artillery shelling of villages, and terror were the essence of the conflict, and when the Whites were defeated, the war against the Greens, the peasant rebels, went on. Drawing on a remarkable array of previously untapped sources, Brovkin convicts the early Bolsheviks of crimes similar to those later committed by Stalin. What emerges "behind the front lines" is a picture of how diverse forces - Cossacks, Ukrainians, Greens, Mensheviks, and SRs, as well as Whites and Bolsheviks - created the tragic victory of a party that had no majority support. This book has important contemporary implications as the world again asks an old question: Can Russian statehood prevail over local, regional, and national identities? Vladimir N. Brovkin is Associate Professor of History at Harvard University. |
| Beschreibung: | X, 455 S. Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0691032785 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a Countering the powerful myth that the civil war in Russia was largely between the "Whites" and the "Reds," Vladimir Brovkin views the struggle as a multifaceted social and political process. Brovkin focuses not so much on armies and governments as on the interaction of state institutions, political parties, and social movements on both Red and White territories. In the process, he exposes tbe weaknesses of the various warring factions in a Russia plagued by strikes, mutinies, desertion, and rebellions. The Whites benefited from popular resistance to the Reds, and the Reds, from resistance to the Whites. In Brovkin's view, neither regime enjoyed popular support. Pacification campaigns, mass shooting, deportations, artillery shelling of villages, and terror were the essence of the conflict, and when the Whites were defeated, the war against the Greens, the peasant rebels, went on. Drawing on a remarkable array of previously untapped sources, Brovkin convicts the early Bolsheviks of crimes similar to those later committed by Stalin. What emerges "behind the front lines" is a picture of how diverse forces - Cossacks, Ukrainians, Greens, Mensheviks, and SRs, as well as Whites and Bolsheviks - created the tragic victory of a party that had no majority support. This book has important contemporary implications as the world again asks an old question: Can Russian statehood prevail over local, regional, and national identities? Vladimir N. Brovkin is Associate Professor of History at Harvard University. | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | BEHIND THE FRONT LINES
OF THE CIVIL WAR
POLITICALPARTIESANDSOCIAL
MOVEMENTSINRUSSIA,1918-1922
Vladimir N Brovkin
PRINCETONUNIVERSITYPRESSPRINCETON,NEWJERSEY
Contents
Acknowledgments xi
Abbreviations xiii
Introduction
The Civil War and the Communist Myth
Western Myths
Historical Approaches
The Road to Civil War
PART ONE: 1918-1919
1 The New Course That Failed (December 1918-April 1919)
Causes of Legalization
Legalization of the Opposition Parties
Lenin and Martov
Menshevik Policy Proposals
Legalization of the PSR
Debate on the Cheka
The End of the New Course
2 On the Internal Front: Enemies among the Workers
Strikes in Moscow
Strikes in Petrograd
Trouble in the Provinces
Strikes in Sormovo and Tver
Rebellions and Mutinies in Orel Province
The Astrakhan Tragedy
3 The White Tide
The White Tide in the East
Red Terror in the Urals
Peasant Rebellions on the Volga
The Whites Breakthrough in the South
viii CONTENTS
Decossackization 101
Makhno, Grigoriev, Zelenyi, and Others 106
Peasant Attitudes in Ukraine 108
Red Army Soldiers Attitudes 112
The Three Blows to the Reds 114
Red Terror in Ukraine 118
4 On the Internal Front: The Greens 127
The Historical Setting 128
Policies of the Bolshevik Government 130
Requisition Detachments 132
Local Government in the Countryside 134
Peasant Attitudes 140
Distribution of Land 141
The Communist Party and Soviet Power 141
The Civil War 143
The Greens 145
The Greens Organization and Tactics 149
Bolshevik Antidesertion Measures 150
Peasant Uprisings 155
5 What Is to Be Done? Soviet Parties Face the Challenge
of the Whites 163
The Menshevik Assessment of the Situation 163
The Right Mensheviks 169
The SRs and the White Threat 174
Fighting on All the Fronts 184
6 The Red Tide 192
Collapse of the Whites in the East 193
The Worldview of the Whites 193
Atamanshchina: Warlords 196
The Army and Desertion 197
Peasant Resistance 199
The Workers 202
White Terror 204
Political Parties 206
Collapse of the Whites in the South 209
State Order 210
CONTENTS IX
Workers
The Countryside
Terror
Agony
The Fragmentation of Society
PART TWO: 1920-1921
7 The End of Legal Opposition
The Mensheviks New Platform
Successes and Perils
The Left SR Factions
The Balancing Act Breaks Down: The Affair with the British
Delegation
Other Foreign Delegations
The Cheka Assault on the Opposition Parties
8 Workers under Militarized Labor
Theater of the Absurd
The Militarization of Labor
The Workers Economic Situation
Workers Responses
Elections
Strikes
9 The Green Tide
Bolshevik Intentions
Razverstka and Other Obligations
The Collection of Tribute
Informal, Invisible Peasant Government
Peasant Perceptions
Peasant Resistance: Central Russia
Deserters
Avengers
Spontaneous Rebellions
Large-scale Uprisings
10 The Peasant War in Ukraine and Cossack Lands
Bolshevik Agrarian Policy in Ukraine
Occupation Policies in the Don Host and Kuban
K CONTENTS
Peasant Rebels: Ukraine
Don and Kuban Resistance
Subjugation
A Reign of Red Terror in Kuban
11 Sovietization of the Countryside: Tambov, Saratov, Tobol sk
Tambov
The Causes
Popular Insurrection
The Role of the SRs
The War Effort
Lower Volga
The Urals and Siberia
Suppression
Epilogue
Regime in Crisis, 1921
Conclusion
Identity, Allegiance, and Participation in the Russian Civil War
Chronology of the Civil War
External and Internal Fronts
The White Movement
The Kadets
The Party of Socialist Revolutionaries
The Mensheviks
The Bolsheviks
The Greens
Scope of the Peasant War
Character of the Peasant War
Military Victory
Who Won? Who Lost?
Legacy
Bibliography
Index
Contents Acknowledgments / xi Abbreviations xiii Introduction 3 The Civil War and the Communist Myth 3 Western Myths 5 Historical Approaches 7 The Road to Civil War 9 PART ONE: 1918-1919 1. The “New Course” That Failed (December 1918-April 1919) Causes of Legalization 25 25 Legalization of the Opposition Parties v.·... : 29 Lenin and Martov 31 Menshevik Policy Proposals 34 Legalization of the PSR 40 Debate on the Cheka 45 The End of the “New Course” 49 2. On the Internal Front: Enemies among the Workers : Strikes in Moscow Strikes in Petrograd 63 ■ . 66 Trouble in the Provinces Strikes in Sormovo and Tver 72 . .·.■ Rebellions and Mutinies in Orel Province The Astrakhan Tragedy 3. The White Tide 57 .77 79 j. 82 90 The White Tide in the East 92 Red Terror in the Urals 93 Peasant Rebellions on the Volga The Whites’ Breakthrough in the South 98 100
viii CONTENTS Decossackization ՜ 101 Makhno, Grigoriev, Zelenyi, and Others ........... 106 Peasant Attitudes in Ukraine 108 Red Army Soldiers’ Attitudes 112 The Three Blows to the Reds 114 Red Terror in Ukraine 118 4. On the Internal Front: The Greens 127 The Historical Setting 128 Policies of the Bolshevik Government 130 Requisition Detachments ՜ 132 Local Government in the Countryside 134 Peasant Attitudes Distribution of Land The Communist Party and Soviet Power TheCivilWar ֊/.·■■ 140 141 141 143 The Greens 145 The Greens’Organization and Tactics Bolshevik Antidesertion Measures 149 , Ն 150 Peasant Uprisings 155 5. What Is to Be Done? Soviet Parties Face the Challenge : of the Whites 163 The Menshevik Assessment of the Situation 163 The Right Mensheviks ■ .■■■■. 169 The SRs and the White Threat 174 Fighting on All the Fronts 184 6. The Red Tide Collapse of the Whites in the East The Worldview of the Whites Atamanshchina: Warlords The Army and Desertion Peasant Resistance The Workers White Tenor Political Parties Collapse of the Whites in the South State Order 192 ՝ 193 193 196 197 199 202 204 206 209 210
CONTENTS ix Workers The Countryside Terror Agony .213 ,218 226 229 The Fragmentation of Society 233 PART TWO: 1920-1921 7. The End of Legal Opposition 239 The Mensheviks’ New Platform 239 Successes and Perils 243 The Left SR Factions 250 The Balancing Act Breaks Down: The Affair with the British Delegation f . 251 Other Foreign Delegations 258 The Cheka Assault on the Opposition Parties 262 8. Workers under Militarized Labor 270 Theater of the Absurd 270 The Militarization of Labor 272 The Workers’ Economic Situation 278 Workers’Responses 280 Elections 284 , Strikes 287 9. The Green Tide 300 Bolshevik Intentions 301 Razverstka and Other Obligations 301 The Collection of Tribute . 305 Informal, Invisible Peasant Government ՝ 310 Peasant Perceptions 313 Peasant Resistance: Central Russia Deserters Avengers Spontaneous Rebellions Large-scale Uprisings 315 317 319 321 323 10. The Peasant War in Ukraine and Cossack Lands ... 327 Bolshevik Agrarian Policy in Ukraine 327 Occupation Policies in the Don Host and Kuban 329
CONTENTS I Peasant Rebels: Ukraine 334 Don and Kuban Resistance 341 Subjugation 346 A Reign of Red Terror in Kuban 349 11. Sovietization of the Countryside: Tambov, Saratov, Toboľsk Tambov The Causes Popular Insurrection The Role of the SRs The War Effort .. 357 357 358 360 363 368 Lower Volga 373 The Urals and Siberia 377 Suppression 382 Epilogue Regime in Crisis, 1921 389 Conclusion Identity, Allegiance, and Participation in the Russian Civil War 403 Chronology of the Civil War External and Internal Fronts 403 Հ 405 The White Movement 409 The Kadets 410 The Party of Socialist Revolutionaries 411 The Mensheviks 412 The Bolsheviks 414 The Greens 415 Scope of the Peasant War 416 Character of the Peasant War 417 Military Victory 419 Who Won? Who Lost? 421 Legacy 421 Bibliography 423 Index 445
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| geographic | Sowjetunion Soviet Union -- History -- Revolution, 1917-1921 Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Sowjetunion Soviet Union -- History -- Revolution, 1917-1921 |
| id | DE-604.BV009690177 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:39:15Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0691032785 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-006408200 |
| oclc_num | 28338236 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-739 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-29 DE-M352 DE-521 DE-83 DE-11 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-739 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-29 DE-M352 DE-521 DE-83 DE-11 DE-188 |
| physical | X, 455 S. Kt. |
| publishDate | 1994 |
| publishDateSearch | 1994 |
| publishDateSort | 1994 |
| publisher | Princeton Univ. Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Brovkin, Vladimir N. Verfasser aut Behind the front lines of the civil war political parties and social movements in Russia, 1918 - 1922 Vladimir N. Brovkin Princeton, NJ Princeton Univ. Press 1994 X, 455 S. Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Countering the powerful myth that the civil war in Russia was largely between the "Whites" and the "Reds," Vladimir Brovkin views the struggle as a multifaceted social and political process. Brovkin focuses not so much on armies and governments as on the interaction of state institutions, political parties, and social movements on both Red and White territories. In the process, he exposes tbe weaknesses of the various warring factions in a Russia plagued by strikes, mutinies, desertion, and rebellions. The Whites benefited from popular resistance to the Reds, and the Reds, from resistance to the Whites. In Brovkin's view, neither regime enjoyed popular support. Pacification campaigns, mass shooting, deportations, artillery shelling of villages, and terror were the essence of the conflict, and when the Whites were defeated, the war against the Greens, the peasant rebels, went on. Drawing on a remarkable array of previously untapped sources, Brovkin convicts the early Bolsheviks of crimes similar to those later committed by Stalin. What emerges "behind the front lines" is a picture of how diverse forces - Cossacks, Ukrainians, Greens, Mensheviks, and SRs, as well as Whites and Bolsheviks - created the tragic victory of a party that had no majority support. This book has important contemporary implications as the world again asks an old question: Can Russian statehood prevail over local, regional, and national identities? Vladimir N. Brovkin is Associate Professor of History at Harvard University. Geschichte 1918-1922 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Politieke partijen gtt Sociale bewegingen gtt Geschichte Partei Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd rswk-swf Partei (DE-588)4044737-6 gnd rswk-swf Soziale Bewegung (DE-588)4055707-8 gnd rswk-swf Kriegskommunismus (DE-588)4316556-4 gnd rswk-swf Russischer Bürgerkrieg (DE-588)4126122-7 gnd rswk-swf Sowjetunion Soviet Union -- History -- Revolution, 1917-1921 Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd rswk-swf Russischer Bürgerkrieg (DE-588)4126122-7 s DE-604 Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 g Soziale Bewegung (DE-588)4055707-8 s Geschichte 1918-1922 z Partei (DE-588)4044737-6 s Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 s DE-188 Kriegskommunismus (DE-588)4316556-4 s Geschichte z http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/prin031/93005299.html Publisher description http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/prin031/93005299.html Table of contents HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006408200&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Bamberg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006408200&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Brovkin, Vladimir N. Behind the front lines of the civil war political parties and social movements in Russia, 1918 - 1922 Politieke partijen gtt Sociale bewegingen gtt Geschichte Partei Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd Partei (DE-588)4044737-6 gnd Soziale Bewegung (DE-588)4055707-8 gnd Kriegskommunismus (DE-588)4316556-4 gnd Russischer Bürgerkrieg (DE-588)4126122-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4046514-7 (DE-588)4044737-6 (DE-588)4055707-8 (DE-588)4316556-4 (DE-588)4126122-7 (DE-588)4077548-3 |
| title | Behind the front lines of the civil war political parties and social movements in Russia, 1918 - 1922 |
| title_auth | Behind the front lines of the civil war political parties and social movements in Russia, 1918 - 1922 |
| title_exact_search | Behind the front lines of the civil war political parties and social movements in Russia, 1918 - 1922 |
| title_full | Behind the front lines of the civil war political parties and social movements in Russia, 1918 - 1922 Vladimir N. Brovkin |
| title_fullStr | Behind the front lines of the civil war political parties and social movements in Russia, 1918 - 1922 Vladimir N. Brovkin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Behind the front lines of the civil war political parties and social movements in Russia, 1918 - 1922 Vladimir N. Brovkin |
| title_short | Behind the front lines of the civil war |
| title_sort | behind the front lines of the civil war political parties and social movements in russia 1918 1922 |
| title_sub | political parties and social movements in Russia, 1918 - 1922 |
| topic | Politieke partijen gtt Sociale bewegingen gtt Geschichte Partei Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd Partei (DE-588)4044737-6 gnd Soziale Bewegung (DE-588)4055707-8 gnd Kriegskommunismus (DE-588)4316556-4 gnd Russischer Bürgerkrieg (DE-588)4126122-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Politieke partijen Sociale bewegingen Geschichte Partei Politik Soziale Bewegung Kriegskommunismus Russischer Bürgerkrieg Sowjetunion Soviet Union -- History -- Revolution, 1917-1921 |
| url | http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/prin031/93005299.html http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/prin031/93005299.html http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006408200&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006408200&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT brovkinvladimirn behindthefrontlinesofthecivilwarpoliticalpartiesandsocialmovementsinrussia19181922 |
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Inhaltsverzeichnis