A guide to radiation and radioactivity levels near high energy particle accelerators:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Ashford
Nuclear Technology Publ.
1992
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 161 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 1870965183 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a A guide to radiation and radioactivity levels near high energy particle accelerators |c A. H. Sullivan |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | IMAGE 1
A GUIDE TO RADIATION AND
RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS NEAR HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE ACCELERATORS
A. H. SULLIVAN
NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBLISHING ASHFORD, KENT, TN23 1JW ENGLAND
IMAGE 2
CONTENTS
CONTENTS
PREFACE CHAPTER 1 HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE INTERACTIONS 1.1 PROPERTIES OF
HIGH ENERGY PARTICLES 1.1.1 HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE TYPES 1
1.1.2 ENERGY AND MOMENTUM 1
1.1.3 IONISATION BY HIGH ENERGY CHARGED PARTICLES 3
1.1.4 CHARGED PARTICLE RANGE 4
1.1.5 NUCLEAR INTERACTIONS 6
1.1.6 UNITS AND CONVERSION FACTORS 9
1.1.7 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF RADIATION LEVELS 10 1.2 SECONDARY RADIATION
FROM HIGH ENERGY INTERACTIONS 1.2.1 RADIATION FIELDS 11
1.2.2 MULTIPLICITY AND ENERGY OF SECONDARIES IN AN INTERACTION 13
1.2.3 THE NUMBER AND ENERGY OF SECONDARIES IN A CASCADE 17
1.2.4 THE NUMBER OF HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE INTERACTIONS 20
1.2.5 SECONDARY PARTICLE FLUENCE BUILD-UP IN AN ABSORBER 20
1.3 THE DOSE DUE TO HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE INTERACTIONS 1.3.1 DOSE IN A
CHARGED PARTICLE BEAM 22
1.3.2 ABSORBED DOSE NEAR A TARGET IN A PROTON BEAM 23
1.3.3 RADIATION DAMAGE TO ACCELERATOR MATERIALS 25
1.3.4 CONVERSION OF HADRON FLUENCE TO DOSE EQUIVALENT 26
1.3.5 DOSE EQUIVALENT IN A BEAM 28
1.3.6 DOSE EQUIVALENT NEAR A TARGET 29
1.3.7 DOSE EQUIVALENT RATE NEAR A BEAM LINE 30
1.3.8 DOSE NEAR TARGETS OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS 31
REFERENCES 33
VLL
IMAGE 3
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 2 SHIELDING FOR HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE ACCELERATORS
2.1 SHIELDING FOR HIGH ENERGY PROTONS 2.1.1 RADIATION ATTENUATION IN A
SHIELD 35
2.1.2 SOURCE TERMS FOR SHIELDING CALCULATIONS 35
2.1.3 DOSE BUILD-UP IN AN ABSORBER 38
2.1.4 BEAM LINE SHIELDS 39
2.1.5 DOSE EQUIVALENT OUTSIDE BEAM DUMPS 43 2.2 SHIELDING FOR PROTONS
BELOW 1 GEV 2.2.1 THE SECONDARY RADIATION DISTRIBUTION 45 2.2.2 SOURCE
TERMS FOR SHIELDING
CALCULATIONS 49
2.2.3 SECONDARY PARTICLE ATTENUATION 52
2.3 SHIELDING FOR MUONS 2.3.1 MUON PRODUCTION 54
2.3.2 MUON ATTENUATION 54
2.3.3 RANGING OUT THE MUONS 56
2.3.4 ANGULAR DISTRIBUTION OF MUONS 57
2.3.5 MUON BEAM STRENGTH 59
2.3.6 ISOFLUENCE CONTOURS 60
2.4 RADIATION TRANSMISSION THROUGH HOLES AND CHICANES IN A SHIELD 2.4.1
RADIATION AT THE ENTRANCE TO A HOLE IN A SHIELD 61
2.4.2 RADIATION SCATTER DOWN HOLES IN A SHIELD 63
2.4.3 TRANSMISSION DOWN MULTI-LEGGED CHICANES 67
2.5 SKYSHINE
2.5.1 NEUTRON DOSE RATE AT A DISTANCE 71
REFERENCES 73
CHAPTER 3 SHIELDING FOR HIGH ENERGY ELECTRON MACHINES 3.1 ELECTRON
INTERACTIONS 3.1.1 CRITICAL ENERGY 75
3.1.2 RADIATION LENGTH 75
3.1.3 NUCLEAR INTERACTIONS BY ELECTRONS 76
V L LL
IMAGE 4
CONTENTS
3.1.4 RADIATION NEAR A TARGET IN AN ELECTRON BEAM 76
3.2 SHIELDING FOR HIGH ENERGY ELECTRONS 3.2.1 SOURCE TERMS FOR SHIELDING
CALCULATIONS 77
3.2.2 MUONS FROM ELECTRON BEAMS 79
3.2.3 SECONDARY PARTICLE ATTENUATION 81
3.3 LOW ENERGY ELECTRONS 3.3.1 X RAY PRODUCTION 83
3.3.2 X RAY ATTENUATION 85
3.4 SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 3.4.1 THE PRODUCTION OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
86
3.4.2 SYNCHROTRON RADIATION ENERGY 86
3.4.3 THE SYNCHROTRON ENERGY SPECTRUM 88
3.4.4 SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LEVELS 89
3.4.5 DOSE RATE OUTSIDE THE VACUUM CHAMBER 90
REFERENCES 91
CHAPTER 4 RADIOACTIVITY INDUCED IN HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE ACCELERATORS 4.1
PROPERTIES OF INDUCED RADIOACTIVITY 4.1.1 HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE
ACTIVATION 93
4.1.2 THE ACTIVITY PRODUCED IN AN INTERACTION 94
4.1.3 RELATION BETWEEN ACTIVITY AND GAMMA RAY DOSE RATE 96
4.1.4 SHIELDING FOR INDUCED ACTIVITY GAMMA DOSE 100
4.1.5 DOSE FROM BETA ACTIVITY 101
4.1.6 RATIO BETWEEN BETA AND GAMMA DOSE 103
4.2 RADIOACTIVITY IN TARGETS AND DUMPS 4.2.1 RADIOACTIVITY INDUCED BY
HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE INTERACTIONS 103
4.2.2 RADIOACTIVITY IN IRON AND COPPER TARGETS 104
IX
IMAGE 5
CONTENTS
4.2.3 DOSE RATE FROM TARGETS AND BEAM DUMPS 105
4.2.4 EFFECTIVE HALF-LIFE 107
4.2.5 ACTIVATION OF HEAVY ELEMENT TARGETS 110 4.2.6 COMPARISON OF
CALCULATED DOSE RATES WITH MEASUREMENTS 112
4.2.7 BETA DOSE FROM THIN TARGETS 113
4.3 ACTIVATION BY SECONDARY HADRONS 4.3.1 ACTIVATING PARTICLES 114
4.3.2 HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE ACTIVATION 116
4.3.3 ACTIVATION BY THERMAL NEUTRONS 119
4.3.4 THE ACTIVATION OF ALUMINIUM 124
4.3.5 THE ACTIVATION OF CONCRETE 125
4.3.6 EARTH ACTIVATION 128
4.4 ACCELERATOR ACTIVATION 4.4.1 TOTAL ACTIVITY IN AN ACCELERATOR 132
4.4.2 INDUCED ACTIVITY DOSE RATE NEAR A BEAM LINE 134
4.4.3 ACTIVATION IN HIGH ENERGY ELECTRON ACCELERATORS 135
4.5 ACTIVATION OF AIR AND WATER 4.5.1 RADIOACTIVITY PRODUCTION IN AIR
AND WATER 137
4.5.2 AIR AND WATER ACTIVATION IN ELECTRON MACHINES 138
4.5.3 DOSE RATES FROM ACTIVATED AIR AND WATER 141
4.5.4 PASSAGE OF RADIOACTIVE AIR THROUGH A VENTILATION SYSTEM 142
4.5.5 ACTIVITY CONCENTRATION AND DOSE RATE FROM A RELEASE OF RADIOACTIVE
AIR 145
4.5.6 ACTIVATION OF COOLING WATER 148
REFERENCES 150
X
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:32:54Z |
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| isbn | 1870965183 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Sullivan, A. H. 1933- Verfasser (DE-588)128219351 aut A guide to radiation and radioactivity levels near high energy particle accelerators A. H. Sullivan Ashford Nuclear Technology Publ. 1992 XIV, 161 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Radioactiviteit gtt Straling gtt Versnellers gtt Particle accelerators Safety measures Particle accelerators Shielding (Radiation) Radiation Safety measures Strahlenschutz (DE-588)4057826-4 gnd rswk-swf Teilchenbeschleunigung (DE-588)4184611-4 gnd rswk-swf Teilchenbeschleunigung (DE-588)4184611-4 s Strahlenschutz (DE-588)4057826-4 s DE-604 GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006110888&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Sullivan, A. H. 1933- A guide to radiation and radioactivity levels near high energy particle accelerators Radioactiviteit gtt Straling gtt Versnellers gtt Particle accelerators Safety measures Particle accelerators Shielding (Radiation) Radiation Safety measures Strahlenschutz (DE-588)4057826-4 gnd Teilchenbeschleunigung (DE-588)4184611-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4057826-4 (DE-588)4184611-4 |
| title | A guide to radiation and radioactivity levels near high energy particle accelerators |
| title_auth | A guide to radiation and radioactivity levels near high energy particle accelerators |
| title_exact_search | A guide to radiation and radioactivity levels near high energy particle accelerators |
| title_full | A guide to radiation and radioactivity levels near high energy particle accelerators A. H. Sullivan |
| title_fullStr | A guide to radiation and radioactivity levels near high energy particle accelerators A. H. Sullivan |
| title_full_unstemmed | A guide to radiation and radioactivity levels near high energy particle accelerators A. H. Sullivan |
| title_short | A guide to radiation and radioactivity levels near high energy particle accelerators |
| title_sort | a guide to radiation and radioactivity levels near high energy particle accelerators |
| topic | Radioactiviteit gtt Straling gtt Versnellers gtt Particle accelerators Safety measures Particle accelerators Shielding (Radiation) Radiation Safety measures Strahlenschutz (DE-588)4057826-4 gnd Teilchenbeschleunigung (DE-588)4184611-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Radioactiviteit Straling Versnellers Particle accelerators Safety measures Particle accelerators Shielding (Radiation) Radiation Safety measures Strahlenschutz Teilchenbeschleunigung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006110888&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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