The employment effects of multinational enterprises in the United States and of American multinationals abroad:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Geneva
1990
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Bureau International du Travail <Genève>: Working paper
64 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | VII, 117 S. |
| ISBN: | 9221075370 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | iii
Contents
Page
INTRODUCTION 1
OVERVIEW OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT INFLOWS TO AND OUTFLOWS FROM
THE UNITED STATES 3
Trends in the stock of USFDI and in USMNEs global employment 4
Global employment trends of USMNEs 7
Summary 11
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE UNITED STATES 13
Characteristics of inward direct investment 13
The sectoral composition of FDIUS 15
The regional dispersion of FDIUS 18
Industrial employment by region 19
The geographical dispersion of foreign affiliated employment 21
FDIUS and international trade 24
Summary 26
THE THEORY OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT 28
Theory and USFDI 29
FDIUS: Theory and evidence 29
THE DOMESTIC EMPLOYMENT CONSEQUENCES OF USMNEs 31
General observat ions 31
USMNEs and domestic production 34
Intra firm trade of USMNEs 34
Displacement of exports 36
Research findings 37
Summary 39
PRODUCTION SHARING 40
Statistical overview 41
Potential employment effects of production sharing 43
Research findings 44
Summary 45
INVESTMENT DISPLACEMENT AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME 47
General observat ions 48
Research 50
Summary 50
nil /. A
iv
Page
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER 52
Exports 53
Licensing ^3
USFDI 55
Summary 57
THE EMPLOYMENT EFFECTS OF MULTINATIONALS IN THE UNITED STATES 58
Direct employment effects 59
Employment effects and mode of entry 59
Calculating the direct employment effect 60
Mode of entry, country of investor and regional dispersion 62
Industry choice and direct employment effects 69
Indirect quantitative employment effects 69
Positive and negative indirect employment effects 70
Foreign direct investment in the United States auto industry 71
Summary 73
QUALITATIVE EMPLOYMENT EFFECTS 75
Wages and skill levels 75
Investment location decision making 77
FDIUS, employment law, and industrial relations 78
The Japanese impact on United States industrial relations 81
Japanese FDIUS and employment law 81
The record on unionization 82
Indirect qualitative employment effects 84
Summary 86
GOVERNMENT POLICY 88
Government policy and USFDI 88
Government pol icy and FDIUS 90
State policies on FDIUS 90
National policy on inward foreign direct investment 91
Elements of national policy 91
POLICY OPTIONS g2
Technology transfer _ _ 93
Employment displacement . . . 94
NOTES 96
BIBLIOGRAPHY 9214d
V
Page
ANNEX ILO PUBLICATIONS ON MULTINATIONALS 109
TABLES
1. The stock of inward and outward foreign direct investment: The
United States 3
2. Net international investment position of the United States 4
3. USFDI stock in the developed and developing world 5
4. Country distribution of USFDI stock 5
5. Sectoral distribution of USFDI stock 6
6. USFDI manufacturing stock in selected developing countries or areas 7
7. Employment of USMNEs 8
8. Foreign affiliate employment of USMNEs in the developing world 9
9. USMNEs domestic and foreign affiliate employment as a per cent of
United States private sector non agriculture employment 9
10. United States manufacturing employment and the domestic and foreign
affiliate manufacturing employment of USMNEs 10
11. Country distribution of USMNEs foreign affiliate employment 10
12. Foreign affiliate employment of non bank USMNEs by industry 11
13. Assets and employment by sector of foreign direct investment to
the United States 17
14. Employment in foreign affiliated firms in United States
manufacturing industries as a percentage of total United States
employment by manufacturing industry 18
15. Industrial employment by region 19
16. Foreign industrial employment by region as a percentage of total
foreign affiliated employment in industry 20
17. Foreign industrial employment by region as percentage of total
foreign affiliated employment in industry 21
18. Foreign affiliated employment: Rank order by top ten states (1987) 22
19. Foreign affiliated employment by United States region (1987) as
percentage of total regional employment 22
20. Regional concentration of employment by country of foreign
ownership 23
Oil /, A
vi
Page
21. Concentration in manufacturing by major country of direct
investment as measured by employment 22. Imports and exports by country of ownership as a percentage of
total imports and exports of foreign affiliated firms in the
United States 25
23. USMNEs1 intra firm trade 35
24. The value of imports under 806.3 and 807 4 1
25. The Maquiladora sector 43
26. Value of USFDI as per cent of the assets of all United States
corporat ions ^9
27. Methods of financing USFDI 49
28. Receipts and payments by United States firms of royalties and
licence fees and other service charges 54
29. The range of employment effects of FDIUS 58
30. Direct employment effect of FDIUS, 1982 86 61
31. Foreign employment creating and employment acquiring
investments through 1986 by industry 63
32. Japanese employment creating and employment acquiring
investments in manufacturing through 1986 by industry 64
33. New plants and expansions, state and regional comparisons (1979 86) 65
34. Acquisitions and mergers, state and regional comparisons (1979 86) . 67
35. GAO estimates of Japanese autos produced in the United States
in 1990 and direct labour requirements 72
36. Estimated net job losses (gains) in 1990 due to Japanese
affiliated automakers operations 72
37. Average compensation per employee by industry of FDIUS 75
38. Non wage benefits at Japanese and domestic firms in United States
auto industry 76
39. Percentage of employees covered by collective bargaining
agreement by country of major foreign direct investment 79
40. Foreign affiliated employment covered by collective bargaining
in manufacturing 79
41. Japanese automakers in the United States 83
9214d
vii
Page
42. American perceptions of Japanese direct investment in the
United States 86
FIGURES
1. United States direct investment position, 1980 to 1988 14
2. Foreign direct investment position in the United States by
country and industry in 1988 15
3. Foreign affiliated employment: Distribution by industry in
1980 and 1987 16
4. How foreign companies rate location factors and government
programs 85
|
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:29:00Z |
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| series | Bureau International du Travail <Genève>: Working paper |
| series2 | Bureau International du Travail <Genève>: Working paper Multinational enterprises programme |
| spelling | Campbell, Duncan C. Verfasser aut The employment effects of multinational enterprises in the United States and of American multinationals abroad by Duncan C. Campbell and Roger McElrath 1. publ. Geneva 1990 VII, 117 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Bureau International du Travail <Genève>: Working paper 64 Multinational enterprises programme Entreprises multinationales - États-Unis Entreprises multinationales - États-Unis - Personnel Investissements étrangers - États-Unis Investissements étrangers et emploi - États-Unis Marché du travail - États-Unis Multinationales Unternehmen International business enterprises United States International business enterprises United States Employees Investments, Foreign United States Investments, Foreign, and employment United States Labor supply United States Beschäftigungswirkung (DE-588)4126724-2 gnd rswk-swf Ausland (DE-588)4068999-2 gnd rswk-swf Multinationales Unternehmen (DE-588)4075092-9 gnd rswk-swf USA USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd rswk-swf USA (DE-588)4078704-7 g Beschäftigungswirkung (DE-588)4126724-2 s Multinationales Unternehmen (DE-588)4075092-9 s DE-604 DE-188 Ausland (DE-588)4068999-2 s MacElrath, Roger G. Verfasser aut Bureau International du Travail <Genève>: Working paper 64 (DE-604)BV006662782 64 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005978080&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Campbell, Duncan C. MacElrath, Roger G. The employment effects of multinational enterprises in the United States and of American multinationals abroad Bureau International du Travail <Genève>: Working paper Entreprises multinationales - États-Unis Entreprises multinationales - États-Unis - Personnel Investissements étrangers - États-Unis Investissements étrangers et emploi - États-Unis Marché du travail - États-Unis Multinationales Unternehmen International business enterprises United States International business enterprises United States Employees Investments, Foreign United States Investments, Foreign, and employment United States Labor supply United States Beschäftigungswirkung (DE-588)4126724-2 gnd Ausland (DE-588)4068999-2 gnd Multinationales Unternehmen (DE-588)4075092-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4126724-2 (DE-588)4068999-2 (DE-588)4075092-9 (DE-588)4078704-7 |
| title | The employment effects of multinational enterprises in the United States and of American multinationals abroad |
| title_auth | The employment effects of multinational enterprises in the United States and of American multinationals abroad |
| title_exact_search | The employment effects of multinational enterprises in the United States and of American multinationals abroad |
| title_full | The employment effects of multinational enterprises in the United States and of American multinationals abroad by Duncan C. Campbell and Roger McElrath |
| title_fullStr | The employment effects of multinational enterprises in the United States and of American multinationals abroad by Duncan C. Campbell and Roger McElrath |
| title_full_unstemmed | The employment effects of multinational enterprises in the United States and of American multinationals abroad by Duncan C. Campbell and Roger McElrath |
| title_short | The employment effects of multinational enterprises in the United States and of American multinationals abroad |
| title_sort | the employment effects of multinational enterprises in the united states and of american multinationals abroad |
| topic | Entreprises multinationales - États-Unis Entreprises multinationales - États-Unis - Personnel Investissements étrangers - États-Unis Investissements étrangers et emploi - États-Unis Marché du travail - États-Unis Multinationales Unternehmen International business enterprises United States International business enterprises United States Employees Investments, Foreign United States Investments, Foreign, and employment United States Labor supply United States Beschäftigungswirkung (DE-588)4126724-2 gnd Ausland (DE-588)4068999-2 gnd Multinationales Unternehmen (DE-588)4075092-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Entreprises multinationales - États-Unis Entreprises multinationales - États-Unis - Personnel Investissements étrangers - États-Unis Investissements étrangers et emploi - États-Unis Marché du travail - États-Unis Multinationales Unternehmen International business enterprises United States International business enterprises United States Employees Investments, Foreign United States Investments, Foreign, and employment United States Labor supply United States Beschäftigungswirkung Ausland USA |
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