Chemical and biological regulation of aquatic systems:
Chemical and Biological Regulation of Aquatic Systems covers the fundamentals of chemical and microbial processes that control the quality of surface water. Topics discussed include the nature and environmental role of surface, complexation and redox reactions; fluxes in the water column and at sedi...
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Boca Raton u.a.
Lewis
1994
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | Chemical and Biological Regulation of Aquatic Systems covers the fundamentals of chemical and microbial processes that control the quality of surface water. Topics discussed include the nature and environmental role of surface, complexation and redox reactions; fluxes in the water column and at sediment-water interface; bioavailability; intra- and extra-cellular processes; interactions of microbes with their environment; and microbial ecology. Basic principles are clearly explained and important examples are described in each case. For each environmental process, the respective roles of chemistry and biology are explained. The book features 600 references, 140 figures, and 55 tables. It's an excellent text for students in environmental sciences, researchers involved in quality control, and government and industry professionals who need to learn the fundamentals of an integrated approach to aquatic systems. |
| Beschreibung: | 385 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0873714482 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Chemical and biological regulation of aquatic systems |c Jacques Buffle ; Richard R. De Vitre |
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| 520 | 3 | |a Chemical and Biological Regulation of Aquatic Systems covers the fundamentals of chemical and microbial processes that control the quality of surface water. Topics discussed include the nature and environmental role of surface, complexation and redox reactions; fluxes in the water column and at sediment-water interface; bioavailability; intra- and extra-cellular processes; interactions of microbes with their environment; and microbial ecology. Basic principles are clearly explained and important examples are described in each case. For each environmental process, the respective roles of chemistry and biology are explained. The book features 600 references, 140 figures, and 55 tables. It's an excellent text for students in environmental sciences, researchers involved in quality control, and government and industry professionals who need to learn the fundamentals of an integrated approach to aquatic systems. | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804123227540160512 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Chemical and biological regulation of aquatic systems
Autor: Buffle, Jacques
Jahr: 1994
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1.
General Chemistry of Aquatic Systems ..........................................................1
Jacques Buffle and Werner Stumm
1. Global Chemical Description of Aquatic Systems..................................2
1.1. Chemical Composition of Natural Waters.......................................2
1.2. Regulation of Major Elements in Aquatic Systems........................4
1.2.1. Lake Stratification................................................................4
1.2.2. Distribution of Major Elements in Lake Water...................5
1.2.3. Major Elements in Other Aquatic Systems.........................7
1.3. Regulation of Minor Elements in Aquatic Systems........................7
1.4. Classification of the Various Aquatic Components,
Based on their Overall Behavior And Role...................................10
2. Principles of Chemical Equilibria..........................................................11
2.1. General Principles: Equilibrium Constants and Reaction
Energy.............................................................................................11
2.2. Intensity and Capacity Parameters.................................................13
2.3. Calculation of Complex Species Distribution of M......................13
2.4. Precipitation Reactions...................................................................15
3. Chemical Control of Redox and Acid-Base Conditions by
Major Elements.......................................................................................17
3.1. Acid-Base Reactions......................................................................17
3.1.1. Acid-Base Intensity and Capacity Parameters...................17
3.1.2. Indirect Influence of Anions and Cations on
Alkalinity............................................................................19
3.1.3. Acid-Base Regulation of Open Aquatic Systems..............20
3.2. Redox Reactions.............................................................................22
3.2.1. Redox Intensity Parameters................................................22
3.2.2. Redox Capacity of Aquatic Systems.................................25
4. Chemical Control of Minor Elements: Complexation and
Adsorption Reactions..............................................................................26
4.1. Redox State of Minor Elements.....................................................26
4.2. Nature of Aquatic Complexants.....................................................28
4.3. Quantitative Description of Complexation/Adsorption
Equilibria........................................................................................29
4.4. Classification of Metal-Complexants Interactions.........................35
4.4.1. Classification of Metals and Complexants
Based on their Soft and Hard Characters..........................35
4.4.2. Main Interactions Between Metals and Complexant
Groups.................................................................................37
4.5. Possible Ecological Roles of Metals and Complexants................39
Acknowledgment................................................................................................41
References...........................................................................................................41
Chapter 2.
The Role of Coordination at the Surface of Aquatic Particles ..................43
Werner Stumm, Laura Sigg, and Barbara Sulzberger
1. Introduction: Aquatic Particles as Chemical Reactants.........................43
2. The Particle Surface as a Carrier of Functional Groups: Surface
Complex Formation................................................................................45
2.1. Equilibrium Constants....................................................................49
2.2. The Coulombic Correction Factor.................................................54
2.3. From Adsorption to Precipitation..................................................58
3. Surface Reaction and Particle Charge: Coagulation in Natural
Systems...................................................................................................62
3.1. Nature of Surface Charges.............................................................62
3.2. Coagulation.....................................................................................63
4. Surface Complexation by Naturally Occurring Particles......................65
5. Biological Surfaces as Coordinating Interfaces.....................................70
6. Structure and Chemical Processes at Solid-Solution Interfaces............73
6.1. Kinetics of Adsorption of a Metal Ion..........................................76
6.2. Nucleation and Crystal Growth.....................................................78
6.3. Oxidation of Transition Metal Ions by O2 ....................................80
7. Concluding Remarks...............................................................................82
References...........................................................................................................83
Chapter 3.
Transformations of Iron at Redox Boundaries ...........................................89
Richard R. De Vitre, Barbara Sulzberger, and Jacques Buffle
1. Introduction.............................................................................................89
2. Origin and Nature of Iron Species in Lakes..........................................91
2.1. The Redox State of Iron.................................................................91
2.2. Inputs-Outputs of Iron in Lakes.....................................................95
2.2.1. Allochthonous Iron.............................................................95
2.2.2. Autochthonous Iron............................................................95
2.2.3. Output Fluxes of Particulate Iron ......................................97
2.3. Physico-Chemical Nature of Lake Iron (Hydr)oxides...................97
3. Physical Circulation Processes of Autochthonous Iron
Species in Anoxic Water Layers..........................................................102
3.1. Input by Diffusion........................................................................102
3.2. Output by Coagulation-Sedimentation.........................................103
3.3. Comparison of Input and Output Fluxes.....................................107
4. Oxidation-Hydrolysis Reactions...........................................................107
4.1. Homogeneous Oxidation..............................................................107
4.1.1. pH Dependence................................................................108
4.1.2. Other Chemical Factors Affecting the Rate of
Homogeneous Oxidation..................................................110
4.2. Autocatalytic Heterogeneous Oxidation......................................110
4.3. Other Heterogeneous Oxidation Processes..................................112
5. Reduction/Dissolution Reactions In Dark Environments....................112
5.1. Pathways of Reductive Dissolution.............................................113
5.2. Reductive Dissolution with an Organic Reductant.....................114
5.2.1. Nonreversible Electron Transfer......................................115
5.2.2. Reversible Electron Transfer............................................118
5.3. Iron(n)-Catalyzed Dissolution of ²ãîï(ϲ) (Hydr)oxides............119
5.4. Reductive Dissolution by Sulfide in Anoxic Media...................120
5.4.1. Reductive Dissolution of Iron(III)
(Hydr)oxides by S(-II)......................................................121
5.4.2. Iron(II)-Catalyzed Dissolution of Iron(III)
(Hydr)oxides in the Presence of S(-II)............................121
5.4.3. Effect of pH and ²ãîï(²Ï) on the Rate of Reductive
Dissolution........................................................................123
6. Photochemical Reduction of ²ãîï(²Ï) Species.....................................125
6.1. Photochemical Reductive Dissolution.........................................125
6.2. Significance of Photoredox Cycling of Iron in Aquatic
Systems.........................................................................................126
7. Conclusions...........................................................................................127
Acknowledgments............................................................................................128
References.........................................................................................................128
Chapter 4.
Processes Occurring at the Sediment-Water Interface: Emphasis on
Trace Elements ..............................................................................................137
Andre Tessier, Richard Carignan, and Nelson Belzile
1. Introduction...........................................................................................137
2. Measurement of Concentration Profiles and Fluxes Across the
Sediment-Water Interface.....................................................................139
2.1. Solute Transport Near the Sediment-Water Interface.................140
2.1.1. Molecular Diffusion, Advection, and Coulombic
Interactions.......................................................................140
2.1.2. Bioturbation, Biological Irrigation and Wave,
Current, and Tidal Effects................................................143
2.2. Experimental Methods.................................................................147
2.2.1. Devices to Measure Dissolved Concentration
Profiles..............................................................................147
2.2.2. Benthic Chambers............................................................150
2.3. Examples......................................................................................152
2.3.1. Importance of Macrobenthos in the Exchange
of Solutes at the Sediment-Water Interface.....................152
2.3.2. Zinc Deposition in Acid Lakes........................................153
2.3.3. Alkalinity Generation by Acid Lake Sediments..............156
3. Processes Involving Trace Elements in Recent Sediments.................158
3.1. Reductive Dissolution and Formation of Iron
Oxyhydroxides..............................................................................158
3.2. Coupling of Arsenic Chemistry with that of Iron.......................159
3.3. Precipitation of Sulfides...............................................................160
3.4. Transport of Trace Metals from the Water Column to the
Sediments......................................................................................161
3.5. Sorption of Trace Elements..........................................................162
4. Concluding Remarks.............................................................................166
Acknowledgments............................................................................................169
References.........................................................................................................169
Chapter 5.
Regulation of Trace Elements in Lakes: The Role of
Sedimentation .................................................................................................175
Laura S ig g
1. Introduction...........................................................................................175
2. Inputs of Trace Metals to Lakes...........................................................177
3. Removal of Trace Elements from the Water Column by
Sedimentation........................................................................................178
3.1. Sedimentary Record.....................................................................178
3.2. The Nature of Settling Particles...................................................180
3.3. The Role of Settling Particles......................................................183
3.3.1. The Role of Organic Particles..........................................184
3.3.2. The Role of Calcium Carbonate......................................186
3.3.3. The Role of Autochthonous Mn and
Fe (hydr)oxides.................................................................186
4. Metal Concentrations in the Water Column........................................187
4.1. Metal Regulation by Particles......................................................187
4.2. The Relationship between Concentration and Residence
Time..............................................................................................188
4.3. The Various Types of Depth Concentration Profiles..................189
5. Summary and Conclusions...................................................................190
References.........................................................................................................192
Chapter 6.
Uptake of Trace Metals by Aquatic Organisms 197
André Tessier, Jacques Buffle, and Peter G. C. Campbell
1. Introduction...........................................................................................!97
2. Transport Processes Across Biological Membranes............................199
3. Uptake from Solution by Organisms Exposed to Dissolved
Trace Metals Only................................................................................201
3.1. Labile Compounds........................................................................201
3.1.1. Free-Ion Activity Dependence — Laboratory
Experiments......................................................................201
3.1.2. Importance of Trace Metal Chemistry Control...............204
3.1.3. Free-Ion Activity Model ..................................................205
3.1.4. More General Model........................................................206
3.2. Nonlabile Liposoluble Compounds..............................................212
3.3. Environmental Implications.........................................................214
4. Uptake by Organsims Exposed to Particulate Trace
Metals — Benthic Organisms..............................................................214
4.1. Laboratory Studies........................................................................215
4.2. Field Studies.................................................................................218
4.3. Biological Factors.........................................................................222
5. Concluding Remarks.............................................................................224
Acknowledgments............................................................................................225
References.........................................................................................................226
Chapter 7.
Cell Structure and Metabolism and its Relation with the
Environment...................................................................................................231
Reiner Bachofen
1. Introduction...........................................................................................231
2. The Cell as a Single Compartment in its Environment.......................232
3. Structure and Function of the Biological Membrane..........................235
3.1. Chemical Structure of Membrane Lipids....................................236
3.2. Structures of Polypeptides and Proteins......................................238
3.3. Dynamics of Membranes.............................................................248
3.4. Examples of Typical Membrane Proteins of Procaryotic
Organisms.....................................................................................250
4. Cells as Multicompartment Systems....................................................251
4.1. Gram-Negative, Heterotrophic Bacteria......................................251
4.2. Phototrophic and Chemolithotrophic Bacteria.............................252
4.3. Eukaryotic Cells...........................................................................255
5. Energy Transduction in Cells...............................................................258
5.1. Energy Conversion in Heterotrophic Organisms.........................259
5.2. Energy Conversion in Phototrophic Bacteria..............................268
5.3. Energy Conversion in Halobacteria.............................................275
6. Energy Conversion and Adaptation to Extreme Environments...........275
6.1. Adaptation to High Temperature.................................................276
6.2. Adaptation to Altered Water Activity, High Salt, and
Osmotic Stress.............................................................................278
6.3. Adaptation to Extreme pH...........................................................279
6.4. Adaptation to Toxic Compounds in the Environment................283
7. Interaction with Solutes and Ions of the Environment........................284
7.1. Transport Processes......................................................................284
7.2. Osmoregulation and K+ Transport...............................................287
7.3. Adsorption and Precipitation of Minerals at the Cell
Surface..........................................................................................288
8. Sensing of and Reaction to Environmental Signals.............................291
9. Summary...............................................................................................296
References.........................................................................................................297
Chapter 8.
Microbial Activities and Their Eco-Chemical Influence ..........................303
Kurt Hanselmann
1. Biomass Synthesis: Objectives.............................................................303
2. Biomass Synthesis Stoichiometry.........................................................306
2.1. Sulfido-photo-autotrophic Biomass Synthesis
(Anoxic Conditions).....................................................................306
2.2. Aquo-photo-autotrophic Biomass Synthesis
(Oxic Conditions).........................................................................307
2.3. Chemotrophic Biomass Synthesis................................................308
2.4. Ecosystem/Biomass Feedback Loops..........................................309
3. Energetics of Biomass Formation........................................................310
3.1. Discrimination Between Assimilation and Dissimilation
Processes.......................................................................................311
3.1.1. Example 1 : Fermentative Growth of Biochotrix sp........311
3.1.2. Example 2: Chemolitho-autotrophic Growth of
Nitrosobacteria..................................................................311
3.2. Electron Donor/Electron Acceptor Half-Reactions.....................313
4. Energy Yield: Microbial Choice of Assimilation and
Dissimilation Reactions in a Complete Ecosystem.............................322
4.1. Principles......................................................................................322
4.1.1. Energy Conversion Efficiency.........................................322
4.1.2. Free Energy of Reaction per Electron Transferred.........322
4.2. Case Studies..................................................................................323
4.2.1. Aerobic, Chemo-organoheterotrophic Growth on
Ethanol..............................................................................324
4.2.2. Chemo-organoheterotrophic Growth of Sulfate
Reducing Bacteria on Ethanol..........................................331
4.2.3. Fermentative Chemo-organoheterotrophic Growth on
Ethanol..............................................................................332
4.3. Thermodynamic and Biochemical Yields....................................334
5. Energetics Principles Applied to Microbial Abilities..........................336
5.1. Growth of Sulfate and other Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria..............336
5.2. Growth of Litho-Autotrophic Bacteria using H2S.......................339
5.3. Growth of Methanogens...............................................................342
5.4. Photosynthesis..............................................................................344
5.5. Methylotrophs...............................................................................347
5.6. Detoxification of Halogenated Hydrocarbons.............................349
Acknowledgments............................................................................................351
Suggested Further Reading..............................................................................351
Chapter 9.
Microorganisms in Their Natural Environment .......................................353
Kurt Hanselmann
1. Ecological Dimensions.........................................................................354
2. Structure and Function of Microbial Ecosystems................................354
2.1. Classification of Ecosystem Components....................................354
2.2. Trophic Levels, Niches, and Interactions....................................356
2.3. Sta361bility of Ecosystems; Homeostasis...................................361
2.4. Spatial366 and Temporal Limits of Habitats...............................366
3. Conclusions...........................................................................................367
Acknowledgment..............................................................................................367
Index.................................................................................................................369
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:26:25Z |
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| publisher | Lewis |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Chemical and biological regulation of aquatic systems Jacques Buffle ; Richard R. De Vitre Boca Raton u.a. Lewis 1994 385 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Chemical and Biological Regulation of Aquatic Systems covers the fundamentals of chemical and microbial processes that control the quality of surface water. Topics discussed include the nature and environmental role of surface, complexation and redox reactions; fluxes in the water column and at sediment-water interface; bioavailability; intra- and extra-cellular processes; interactions of microbes with their environment; and microbial ecology. Basic principles are clearly explained and important examples are described in each case. For each environmental process, the respective roles of chemistry and biology are explained. The book features 600 references, 140 figures, and 55 tables. It's an excellent text for students in environmental sciences, researchers involved in quality control, and government and industry professionals who need to learn the fundamentals of an integrated approach to aquatic systems. Agua (recursos hidricos) larpcal Eau - Chimie ram Eau - Microbiologie ram Eau - Qualité ram Water chemistry Water quality Water Microbiology Hydrochemie (DE-588)4072678-2 gnd rswk-swf Hydrobiologie (DE-588)4026300-9 gnd rswk-swf Hydrochemie (DE-588)4072678-2 s DE-604 Hydrobiologie (DE-588)4026300-9 s Buffle, Jacques Sonstige oth De Vitre, Richard R. Sonstige oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005868683&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Chemical and biological regulation of aquatic systems Agua (recursos hidricos) larpcal Eau - Chimie ram Eau - Microbiologie ram Eau - Qualité ram Water chemistry Water quality Water Microbiology Hydrochemie (DE-588)4072678-2 gnd Hydrobiologie (DE-588)4026300-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4072678-2 (DE-588)4026300-9 |
| title | Chemical and biological regulation of aquatic systems |
| title_auth | Chemical and biological regulation of aquatic systems |
| title_exact_search | Chemical and biological regulation of aquatic systems |
| title_full | Chemical and biological regulation of aquatic systems Jacques Buffle ; Richard R. De Vitre |
| title_fullStr | Chemical and biological regulation of aquatic systems Jacques Buffle ; Richard R. De Vitre |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical and biological regulation of aquatic systems Jacques Buffle ; Richard R. De Vitre |
| title_short | Chemical and biological regulation of aquatic systems |
| title_sort | chemical and biological regulation of aquatic systems |
| topic | Agua (recursos hidricos) larpcal Eau - Chimie ram Eau - Microbiologie ram Eau - Qualité ram Water chemistry Water quality Water Microbiology Hydrochemie (DE-588)4072678-2 gnd Hydrobiologie (DE-588)4026300-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Agua (recursos hidricos) Eau - Chimie Eau - Microbiologie Eau - Qualité Water chemistry Water quality Water Microbiology Hydrochemie Hydrobiologie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005868683&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bufflejacques chemicalandbiologicalregulationofaquaticsystems AT devitrerichardr chemicalandbiologicalregulationofaquaticsystems |