Skills for productivity: vocational education and training in developing countries
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford u.a.
Oxford Univ. Press
1993
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. printing |
| Schriftenreihe: | A World Bank book
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIX, 353 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0195208870 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804123217426644992 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Foreword by Ann O. Hamilton v
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xviii
Introduction 1
Issues 3
Structure of the Analysis 5
Part I. The Record of Research and Experience 5
Partn. Options for Public Policy 6
Partm. Strategies for Policy Reform 7
Research Base 8
A Note on Terminology 8
Parti. The Record of Research and Experience 11
1. Skill Markets and Modes of Training 13
The Markets for Skills 13
Wage Employment in the Modem Sector 14
Employment in the Informal Sectors 17
The Many Paths to Skilled Employment 25
Training for the Modem Sector 27
Training for the Informal Sectors 34
Summary 35
vii
viii Contents
2. The Record 37
Human Capital and Development 39
Growth Accounting 40
Productivity Studies 41
Rates of Return 41
The Role of Screening 42
Training and Productivity Growth 43
Comparison of Training Modes 48
Vocational and General Secondary Schooling 50
The Record of Training as a Supply Policy 51
Creating a Reserve of Trained Workers 53
Employment Access for Youth 54
Serving the Academically Less Able Student 58
Diversion Objectives: Changing Attitudes and Aspirations 60
Skills Training for Women 63
Skills Training for the Poor 66
The Costs of Training 67
Vocational and Academic Schooling 67
Other Training Modes 69
Summary 69
Notes 70
3. The Economic Environment of Skills Development 72
Trends in Development The Challenges of the 1990s 72
Demographic Change 73
Adjustment and Indebtedness 75
Changing Patterns of Trade and Competition 77
Technological Change 79
The Policy Environment 84
Policies and Economic Growth 84
Policies and Incentives for Skills Development 87
Summary 97
Improving Signals and Incentives 98
Reducing or Compensating for Distortions 99
Increasing the Role of Market Forces 99
Adapting to Changing Economic Contexts 100
Notes 202
Partll. Options for Public Policy 203
4. Designing Responsive Public Training Policies 205
Selecting Rationales for Government Intervention 205
External Benefits 207
Market Imperfections 208
Weak Enterprise Training Capacity 223
^ Contents ix
Equity Arguments 114
Designing Appropriate Policies 115
Diversifying Finance 118
Sources of Finance 120
Alternative Payroll Levy Plans 121
Alternative Financing Mechanisms 227
Building Capacity for Policy Implementation 129
Summary 131
Notes 133
5. Establishing Market Oriented Manpower Planning 234
Roles of the Manpower Planner 134
Guiding Market Training Decisions 135
Strengthening the Management of Training Systems 135
Improving Labor Market Efficiency 236
Planning Public Investments in Training 236
Abandoning Manpower Requirements Forecasting 236
Introducing Labor Market Signaling 2 40
Market Training Decisions 242
Managing Training Systems 243
Labor Market Efficiency 246
Public Investments in Training 248
Possible Objections 250
Sources of Labor Market Information 152
Connecting Manpower and Economic Planning 155
Acknowledging the Economic Environment 256
A Framework for Planning 257
Summary 257
6. Mobilizing Employer and Private Training 158
Training by Private Employers 158
Low Levels of Education 259
Firm Specific Imperfections 262
Public Interventions to Strengthen Private Employer Training 2 65
Training by Public Employers 171
Problems with Project Related Training 2 73
Using Public Employer Training Capacity 2 73
Traditional Apprenticeship 274
Government Support 2 79
Constraints 279
Private Training Institutions 180
Government Support 282
Constraints 282
Encouraging Private Training 282
Summary 183
Note 184
x Contents
7. Improving Responsiveness and Efficiency
in Public Training 285
Constraints on Individual Training Modes 186
Diversified Schools 286
Vocational Schools and Training Centers 290
Dual Training Systems 291
Postsecondary Technical Education 293
Employment Training 294
Common Constraints 294
The Effect of Inadequate Financing 2 95
Weak Information Links with Employers 297
Fragmented Training Systems 298
Institutional Constraints 200
Improving Responsiveness and Efficiency 201
Separating Education from Training 202
Improving Basic and Secondary Education 202
Strengthening Vocational Schooling and Training 205
Linking Employment Training to Jobs 223
Summary 225
8. The Role of Training in Poverty Reduction 227
Acquiring Rural Skills 220
Agricultural Extension 220
Agricultural Schools 222
Training for Rural Self Employment 223
Conventional Training Modes for the Urban Informal Sector 224
Training in Modern Sector Firms 225
Training in Formal Institutions 226
Sponsored Interventions 227
Gaining Entry into the Informal Sector 230
Expanding Existing Enterprises 236
Transforming Existing Enterprises 240
Costs of Sponsored Interventions 243
Implications for Public Policy 245
Creating a Supportive Economic Environment 245
Improving the Availability and Quality of Basic Education 245
Providing Complementary Training 246
Summary 250
PartHI. Strategies for Policy Reform 252
9. Planning for Policy Reforms 253
Developing Policy Strategies 253
Analyzing the Economic Context 255
Evaluating Training Supply 256
Assessing Training Policies and Planning 262
Contents xi
Building Policy Strategies for Different Contexts 265
Small, Low Income Countries 265
Middle Income Countries 267
Rapidly Industrializing Countries 269
Planning for Implementation 269
Managing Uncertainty 269
Organizing for Innovation 274
Notes 277
10. International Assistance 278
Patterns of International Support 278
Bilateral and Multilateral Assistance 279
Development Bank Assistance 283
Priorities for International Cooperation 290
Supporting National Strategy Development 290
Strengthening Education 291
Improving Aid Coordination 292
Providing Long Term Support 292
Priorities for Future Research 292
Understanding the Economics of Skill Demand 294
Assessing the Dynamics of Training Supply 295
Analyzing Training Finance 296
The Role of International Organizations 297
Appendix I. Selected Evaluation Studies in Developing
Countries 299
Appendix n. Statistical Appendix 307
References 327
Subject Index 337
Citation Index 349
Tables
2 1. Enrollment in Vocational Schools and Training Centers,
Selected Countries 46
2 2. Ratio of Educated Labor Market Entrants to Jobs Created,
Selected Countries, 1988 55
2 3. Comparison of Recurrent Costs per Student of Different
Types of Secondary Schools in Developing Countries 68
2 4. Relative Capital Costs of Alternative Classrooms 68
2 5. Cost Ratios of Alternative Training Modes, Selected
Studies 69
xii Contents
3 1. Ratio of Male Labor Force Entries per Hundred Departures
in Developing Countries, by Region, Selected Years 73
4 1. Policy Options for Public Intervention 116
5 1. Key Data Sources for Manpower Planning 152
6 1. Sources of Skills for Owners of Firms in Selected
Industries, Ibadan, Nigeria 177
10 1. Bilateral and Multilateral Aid to Vocational Education
and Training by Region, 1981 86 Disbursements 280
10 2. Development Bank Assistance to Vocational Education and
Training by Donor and Region, 1983 88 Commitments 283
A l. Vocational Education Enrollment in Selected Countries,
by Region, 1985 307
A 2. New Entrants to the Work Force in Selected Countries,
by Region, 1988 310
A 3. Multilateral Assistance to General Education and Vocational
Education and Training, by Region, 1983 88 312
A 4. World Bank Lending for Vocational Education
and Training, 1963 88 316
Figures
2 1. Distribution of Female Vocational School Enrollment
by Field of Study, 1988 65
4 1. Finance Flows in the Training Market 119
10 1. International Assistance for Vocational Education
and Training 279
10 2. Bilateral and Multilateral Aid by Mode of Training
and Purpose of Expenditure, 1981 86 Disbursements 281
10 3. Bilateral and Multilateral Aid by Donor, 1981 86
Disbursements 284
10 4. World Bank Investments in Education and Training,
1963 88 286
10 5. Distribution of World Bank Lending for Training,
by Type of Assistance, 1983 88 Commitments 288
10 6. Average Annual World Bank Support for Vocational
Education and Training by Sector, 1963 88 Total
Project Costs 289
10 7. Average Annual World Bank Lending for Vocational Education
and Training by Mode, 1963 88 Total Project Costs 289
Boxes
1 1. Constraints on Small Enterprises 22
1 2. Occupational Training Histories: Alternative Paths to Success 26
xiv Contents
9 1. A Call for Training Policy Reform in Sub Saharan
Africa 254
9 2. Occupational Training Maps 257
9 3. Comparisons of Unit Training Costs 260
9 4. Training Policy Reform in Togo 266
9 5. Training for Productivity in Mauritius 268
9 6. Changing the Private Public Training Balance in
Chile 270
Contents xiii
1 3. Models of Vocational Curricula 33
2 1. Enrollment in Secondary Vocational Education 44
2 2. Job Availability and the Effectiveness of Training 47
2 3. Diversifying Elite Secondary Schools in Kenya 52
2 4. Employment Strategies in Tunisia 58
3 1. How Policy Distortion and Education Affect Gross Domestic
Product in Developing Countries 86
3 2. Job Security Measures Can Discourage Enterprise Training 96
4 1. Who Pays for Training? 210
4 2. Geographical Distribution and Coverage of Payroll Levies 122
4 3. Training Loans 128
4 4. National Training Authorities 130
5 1. Forecasting Skill Requirements: The Shape of the S Curve 138
5 2. Togo s Training and Employment Observatory: A Model
Information System 142
5 3. Labor Market Signals for Education in Indonesia 144
5 4. Working with Limited Information: The Peoples
Democratic Republic of Laos 153
5 5. Integration of Economic Development and Manpower
Planning in the Republic of Korea 154
6 1. Private Training Markets in Zimbabwe 164
6 2. Training Subsidies in Singapore 168
6 3. Financial Disincentives in the Republic of Korea 169
6 4. Dual Training in Jordan 170
6 5. Training in a State Owned Enterprise 175
6 6. St. Joseph School for Industrial Trades 181
7 1. Building Positive Attitudes toward Craftsmanship 189
7 2. The Latin American Model of Vocational Training 192
7 3. Fragmented Training in Three Countries 199
7 4. Technology Education: Fad or Future? 204
7 5. Building links with Employers in China 208
7 6. Scale Economies in Training Technology 211
7 7. Individualized Instruction in the Euvaldo Lodi School 213
7 8. Job Training for Economic Change 226
8 1. Training Women in Nontraditional Skills 218
8 2. Adjusting Formal Training to Self Employment in Rural
Areas 222
8 3. Differences in Training for the Informal and Formal
Sectors 228
8 4. Attebubu Rural Women s Artisan s Association 232
8 5. Training as a Component in Cooperative Development 235
8 6. Entrepreneurship Development in India 239
8 7. Birla Institute of Technology in India 242
|
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:26:16Z |
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| spelling | Middleton, John 1943- Verfasser (DE-588)130452335 aut Skills for productivity vocational education and training in developing countries John Middleton ; Adrian Ziderman ; Arvil Van Adams 1. printing Oxford u.a. Oxford Univ. Press 1993 XIX, 353 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier A World Bank book Entwicklungsländer Occupational training -- Developing countries Vocational education -- Developing countries Berufliche Fortbildung (DE-588)4005910-8 gnd rswk-swf Berufsbildung (DE-588)4069342-9 gnd rswk-swf Entwicklungsländer (DE-588)4014954-7 gnd rswk-swf Entwicklungsländer (DE-588)4014954-7 g Berufsbildung (DE-588)4069342-9 s DE-604 Berufliche Fortbildung (DE-588)4005910-8 s Ziderman, Adrian Verfasser aut Adams, Arvil V. Verfasser aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005862093&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Middleton, John 1943- Ziderman, Adrian Adams, Arvil V. Skills for productivity vocational education and training in developing countries Entwicklungsländer Occupational training -- Developing countries Vocational education -- Developing countries Berufliche Fortbildung (DE-588)4005910-8 gnd Berufsbildung (DE-588)4069342-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4005910-8 (DE-588)4069342-9 (DE-588)4014954-7 |
| title | Skills for productivity vocational education and training in developing countries |
| title_auth | Skills for productivity vocational education and training in developing countries |
| title_exact_search | Skills for productivity vocational education and training in developing countries |
| title_full | Skills for productivity vocational education and training in developing countries John Middleton ; Adrian Ziderman ; Arvil Van Adams |
| title_fullStr | Skills for productivity vocational education and training in developing countries John Middleton ; Adrian Ziderman ; Arvil Van Adams |
| title_full_unstemmed | Skills for productivity vocational education and training in developing countries John Middleton ; Adrian Ziderman ; Arvil Van Adams |
| title_short | Skills for productivity |
| title_sort | skills for productivity vocational education and training in developing countries |
| title_sub | vocational education and training in developing countries |
| topic | Entwicklungsländer Occupational training -- Developing countries Vocational education -- Developing countries Berufliche Fortbildung (DE-588)4005910-8 gnd Berufsbildung (DE-588)4069342-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Entwicklungsländer Occupational training -- Developing countries Vocational education -- Developing countries Berufliche Fortbildung Berufsbildung |
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