China at the threshold of a market economy:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Washington, DC
Internat. Monetary Fund
1993
|
| Schriftenreihe: | International Monetary Fund: Occasional paper
107 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | IX, 88 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 1557753490 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a China at the threshold of a market economy |c Michael W. Bell, Hoe Ee Khor, and Kalpana Kochhar |
| 264 | 1 | |a Washington, DC |b Internat. Monetary Fund |c 1993 | |
| 300 | |a IX, 88 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a International Monetary Fund: Occasional paper |v 107 | |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1978-1993 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Economische hervormingen |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Economische situatie |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Wirtschaft | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Wirtschaftspolitik | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Wirtschaftsreform |0 (DE-588)4066512-4 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 4 | |a China (República Popular, 1949 ****) - Condiciones económicas - 1976 | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Chine - Conditions économiques - 1976-2000 | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Chine - Politique économique - 1976-2000 | |
| 651 | 4 | |a China |x Economic conditions |y 1976-2000 | |
| 651 | 4 | |a China |x Economic policy |y 1976-2000 | |
| 651 | 7 | |a China |0 (DE-588)4009937-4 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
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| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-005832639 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804123169440661504 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Page
Preface vjj
List of Abbreviations of China s Provinces, Municipalities, and
Autonomous Regions jx
I. Overview I
Politics of Reform 1
Evolution of Conceptual Framework 2
Phases of Reform 2
First Phase, 1978 84 3
Second Phase, 1984 88 3
Third Phase, 1988 91 3
Fourth Phase, 1992 Present 3
Salient Features of the Chinese Approach to Reform 4
II. Initial Conditions and Special Characteristics of Chinese Reform 6
Initial Conditions and Reform Environment 6
Macroeconomic and Structural Conditions 6
Domestic Saving 7
Access to External Financing 9
Openness of the Economy 9
Special Characteristics of Reform 10
Regional Policy 10
Decentralization and its Effects 10
Enterprise Ownership 11
Rural Land Tenure 12
Box 1. China s Nonstate Industrial Sector 13
Box 2. Shareholding Arrangements in China s State Owned
Enterprises 14
III. Reform of the Domestic Economy 16
Major Reforms During 1978 to Early 1992 16
Agriculture 16
Rural Enterprises 17
Prices and Mandatory Planning 18
State Owned Enterprises 18
Employment, Social Benefits, and Housing 19
Fiscal Reform 20
Financial Sector 21
Banking System 21
Nonbank Financial Institutions 21
Securities Markets 22
Monetary Policy Instruments 22
Extending the Reform Agenda: 1992 and Beyond 22
n
Legal and Regulatory Framework 22
Role and Functions of Government 23
Macroeconomic Management 23
Establishment of Markets and Related Infrastructure 26
Price Reform 27
Agriculture 27
Enterprise Reform 27
Enterprise Regulations 28
Shareholding System 28
Enterprise Groups 29
Loss Making Enterprises 29
Surplus Labor and Tertiary Sector Development 29
Employment, Social Security, and Housing 30
Land Use System 31
Financial Reforms 31
Nonstate Sector 32
Box 3. Chronology of Reform Initiatives, 1992 July 1993 24
Box 4. Enterprise Regulations 28
IV. Opening Up and External Policies 33
Policies at the National Level 33
Trade System 33
Exchange System 35
Policies at the Regional Level 38
Special Economic Zones 38
The Original SEZs 38
Hainan Special Economic Zone 41
Open Coastal Cities 42
Pudong New Area 43
Inland Provinces 43
Review of Progress 44
Box 5. Foreign Exchange Retention and the Swap Centers 36
Box 6. The Impact on the Economy of Opening Up: Selected
Features 45
V. Decentralization and Regional Development 46
Policy Orientation: Industrial or Regional? 46
Evolution of Ownership Structure 47
Center Local Financial Relations 48
Fiscal Relations 48
Credit Policy 50
External Policies 51
The Experience of Guangdong 54
The Fastest Growing Region? 54
Selected Features in Guangdong s Development 54
Role of Exports 54
Foreign Investment and Proximity to Hong Kong and Macao 54
Fiscal Relationship with the Center 54
An Experimental Reform Zone and the Open Door Policy 55
Can Guangdong s Experience Be Replicated? 55
Inland Provinces 55
Border Provinces 56
Coastal Provinces 56
Conclusions 56
B
VI. Economic Impact of Reform 58
Impact on Economic Activity 58
Growth 58
Agricultural Output 58
Industry 58
Income Distribution 60
Integration into the Global Economy 60
Background 60
Trends in Foreign Trade and Investment 61
Assessing the Degree of Integration 61
Decentralization and Macroeconomic Policy 64
Fiscal Policy 64
Monetary Policy 65
External Policies 65
Macroeconomic Management and Stability 65
Background 65
The Cycles 66
First Cycle: 1979 82 66
Second Cycle: 1984 Early 1986 67
Third Cycle: Mid 1986 Late 1988 67
Fourth Cycle: Late 1991 Present 69
Understanding the Cycles 69
Structural Reforms to Promote Market Based Macromanagement 71
Financial Sector 71
Enterprise Reform 71
Fiscal Reform 72
External Sector Policies 72
VII. Conclusions 73
Appendices
I. Synopsis of Reform from 1978 75
II. Performance of the Provinces: A Statistical Analysis 82
Bibliography 85
Tables
Section
II 1. Selected Macroeconomic Indicators 7
2. Selected Countries: Debt and Debt Service Indicators 8
3. Selected Economies: Growth Rates of GNP and GNP
Per Capita, 1960 76 9
4. Total Fixed Asset Investment 11
5. Fixed Asset Investment of State Owned Enterprises 12
III 6. Proportion of Output and Sales at Fixed, Guided, and Market
Prices 27
IV 7. Basic Indicators of SEZs and Open Coastal Cities, 1991 34
8. Selected Indicators of SEZs and 14 Coastal Open Cities 35
9. Income Tax Incentives in Open Economic Zones 39
10. Incentives in Open Economic Zones 40
D
11. Cross Country Comparison of Tax Rates 41
V 12. Central Local Resource Sharing Contracts, 1988 92 49
13. Central and Local Revenues 51
14. Source of Foreign Investment in Guangdong, 1991 55
VI 15. Gross Value of Industrial Output by Form of Ownership 60
16. External Sector Indicators 62
17. Foreign Trade by Major Commodity Groups 63
18. Selected Macroeconomic Indicators 66
19. Key Macroeconomic Indicators 68
20. Selected Recent Economic Indicators 70
Appendix
II Al. Decomposition of GDP Growth into Export and Nonexport
Growth in Guangdong, 1978 90 84
Charts
Section
IV 1. Exchange Rate Developments 37
V 2. Provincial Ownership Structure 47
3. Provincial Budgetary Operations, 1990 50
4. Provincial Monetary and Credit Operations, 1990 52
5. Regional External Developments, 1990 53
6. Regional Income and Consumption Disparities 56
VI 7. Selected Economic Indicators 59
8. Labor Productivity in Industrial Sector in Selected Economies 62
9. Real Effective Exchange Rates in Selected Economies 63
10. Share of World Trade 64
11. Measures of China s Openness 64
12. Key Macroeconomic Indicators 67
|
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| geographic_facet | China (República Popular, 1949 ****) - Condiciones económicas - 1976 Chine - Conditions économiques - 1976-2000 Chine - Politique économique - 1976-2000 China Economic conditions 1976-2000 China Economic policy 1976-2000 China |
| id | DE-604.BV008816489 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:25:30Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 1557753490 |
| language | English |
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| physical | IX, 88 S. graph. Darst. |
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| spelling | Bell, Michael W. Verfasser (DE-588)141889039 aut China at the threshold of a market economy Michael W. Bell, Hoe Ee Khor, and Kalpana Kochhar Washington, DC Internat. Monetary Fund 1993 IX, 88 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier International Monetary Fund: Occasional paper 107 Geschichte 1978-1993 gnd rswk-swf Economische hervormingen gtt Economische situatie gtt Wirtschaft Wirtschaftspolitik Wirtschaftsreform (DE-588)4066512-4 gnd rswk-swf China (República Popular, 1949 ****) - Condiciones económicas - 1976 Chine - Conditions économiques - 1976-2000 Chine - Politique économique - 1976-2000 China Economic conditions 1976-2000 China Economic policy 1976-2000 China (DE-588)4009937-4 gnd rswk-swf China (DE-588)4009937-4 g Wirtschaftsreform (DE-588)4066512-4 s Geschichte 1978-1993 z DE-604 Khor, Hoe Ee Verfasser (DE-588)171007190 aut Kochhar, Kalpana Verfasser (DE-588)131698095 aut International Monetary Fund: Occasional paper 107 (DE-604)BV002597241 107 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005832639&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Bell, Michael W. Khor, Hoe Ee Kochhar, Kalpana China at the threshold of a market economy International Monetary Fund: Occasional paper Economische hervormingen gtt Economische situatie gtt Wirtschaft Wirtschaftspolitik Wirtschaftsreform (DE-588)4066512-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4066512-4 (DE-588)4009937-4 |
| title | China at the threshold of a market economy |
| title_auth | China at the threshold of a market economy |
| title_exact_search | China at the threshold of a market economy |
| title_full | China at the threshold of a market economy Michael W. Bell, Hoe Ee Khor, and Kalpana Kochhar |
| title_fullStr | China at the threshold of a market economy Michael W. Bell, Hoe Ee Khor, and Kalpana Kochhar |
| title_full_unstemmed | China at the threshold of a market economy Michael W. Bell, Hoe Ee Khor, and Kalpana Kochhar |
| title_short | China at the threshold of a market economy |
| title_sort | china at the threshold of a market economy |
| topic | Economische hervormingen gtt Economische situatie gtt Wirtschaft Wirtschaftspolitik Wirtschaftsreform (DE-588)4066512-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Economische hervormingen Economische situatie Wirtschaft Wirtschaftspolitik Wirtschaftsreform China (República Popular, 1949 ****) - Condiciones económicas - 1976 Chine - Conditions économiques - 1976-2000 Chine - Politique économique - 1976-2000 China Economic conditions 1976-2000 China Economic policy 1976-2000 China |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005832639&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV002597241 |
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