Fundamentals of behavioral statistics:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Reading, Mass.
Addison-Wesley
1984
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| Ausgabe: | 5. ed. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Addison-Wesley series in psychology.
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIII, 494 S. graph. Darst. |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Titel: Fundamentals of behavioral statistics
Autor: Runyon, Richard P
Jahr: 1984
Contents PART / Introduction 1 i The Definition of Statistics} Analysis 3 1,1 What Is Statistics? 4 / 1.2 Definitions of Terms Commonly Used in Statistics 6 / 1.3 Descriptive Statistics 9 / 1.4 Inferential Statistics 10 / 1.5 The Goals of Research 11 / Case Example 1.1 12 / 1.6 A Word to the Student 16 / Chapter Summary 17 Basic Mathematical Concepts 20 2.1 Introduction 21 / 2.2 The Grammar of Mathematical Notation 21 / 2.3 Summation Rules 24 / 2.4 Types of numbers and Scales 26 / Case Example 2.1 30 / 2.5 Continuous and
Discontinuous Variables 33 / 2.6 Rounding 35 / 2.7 Ratios, Frequencies, Proportions, and Percentages 37 / Case Example 2.2 37 / Chapter Summary 39 PART II Descriptive Statistics 45 Frequency Distributions and Graphing Techniques 47 3.1 Grouping of Data 48 / 3.2 Cumulative Frequency and Cumulative Percentage Distributions 52 / 3.3 Graphing Techniques 54 / 3.4 Misuse of Graphing Techniques 54 / 3.5 Nominally Scaled Variables 56 / 3.6 Ordinally Scaled Variables 57 / 3.7 Interval and Ratio-Scaled Variables 57 / 3.8 Forms of Frequency Curves 61 / 3.9 Other Graphic Representations 63/ Case Example 3.1 63/ Chapter Summary 64 Percentiles 72 4.1 Introduction 73 / 4.2 Cumulative Percentiles and Percentile Rank 73 / 4.3 Percentile Rank and Reference Group 79 / Case Example 4.1 81/ Chapter Summary 82 Measures of Central Tendency 88 5.1 Introduction 89 / 5.2 The Arithmetic Mean 90 / Case Example 5.1 92/ 5.3 The Median 95/ 5.4 The Mode 97/ 5.5 Comparison of Mean, Median, and Mode 97 / 5.6 The Mean, Median, and Skewness 98 / Chapter Summary 99
O O _ îx Contents Measures of Dispersion 105 6.1 Introduction 106/ 6.2 The Range 108/ 6.3 The Semi-interquartile Range 108 / 6.4 The Mean Deviation 109 / 6.5 The Variance (s 2 ) and Standard Deviation (s) 111/ Case Example 6.1 115/ 6.6 The Mean, Median, Standard Deviation, and Pearson’s Coefficient of Skew 117 / Chapter Summary 118 The Standard Deviation and the Standard Normal Distribution 123 7.1 Introduction 124 / 7.2 The Concept of z-Scores 124 / 7.3 The Standard Normal Distribution 127 / 7.4 Illustrative Problems 130 / 7.5 The Standard Deviation as an Estimate of Error and Precision 133 / 7.6 The Transformation to Z-scores 135 / Chapter Summary 136 Correlation 139 8.1 The Concept of Correlation 140 / 8.2 Pearson r- and z-Scores 142 / 8.3 Calculation of Pearson r 145 / 8.4 A Word of Caution 148/ Case Example 8.1 150/ 8.5 Ordinally Scaled Variables and r s 151 / Case Example 8.2 153 / Chapter Summary 155 Regression and Prediction 162 9.1 Introduction to Prediction 163 / 9.2 Linear Regression 165 / 9.3 Residual Variance and Standard Error of Estimate 172 / 9.4 Explained and Unexplained Variation 176 / Case Example 9.1 179 / 9.5 Correlation and Causation 180 / Chapter Summary 182
X _ Contents PART III Inferential Statistics 189 Parametric Tests of Significance Probability 191 10.1 An Introduction to Probability Theory 192 / 10.2 The Concept of Randomness 194 / 10.3 Approaches to Probability 197 / 10.4 Formal Properties of Probability 199 / 10.5 Addition Rule 202 / 10.6 The Multiplication Rule 206 / 10.7 Probability and Continuous Variables 212 / 10.8 Probability and the Normal-Curve Model 213 / 10.9 One- and Two-Tailed p-Values 215 / Chapter Summary 217 T] Introduction to Statistical Inference 224 11.1 Why Sample? 225 / 11.2 The Concept of Sampling Distributions 227 / 11.3 Testing Statistical Hypotheses: Level of Significance 229 / 11.4 Testing Statistical Hypotheses: Null Hypothesis and Alternative Hypothesis 232 / 11.5 Testing Statistical Hypotheses: The Two Types of Error 234 / Chapter Summary 237 Statistical Inference and Continuous Variables 241 12.1 Introduction 242 / 12.2 Sampling Distribution of the Mean 244 / Case Example 12.1 247 / 12.3 Testing Statistical Hypotheses: Population Mean and Standard Deviation Known 249 / 12.4 Estimation of Parameters: Point Estimation 251 / 12.5 Testing Statistical Hypotheses with Unknown Parameters: Student’s t 255 / 12.6 Estimation of Parameters: Interval Estimation 260 /
_ xi Contents 12.7 Confidence Intervals and Confidence Limits 261 / 12.8 Test of Significance for Pearson r: One-Sample Case 264 / Chapter Summary 267 Statistical Inference with Two Independent Samples 274 13.1 Sampling Distributionof the Difference Between Means 275 / 13.2 Estimation of cr X — X 2 from Sample Data 277 / 13.3 Testing Statistical Hypotheses: Student’s t 278 / 13.4 Estimating the Degree of Association between the Experimental and Dependent Variables 281 / 13.5 The t-Ratio and Homogeneity of Variance 282 / Chapter Summary 284 Statistical Inference with Correlated Samples 292 14.1 Introduction 293 / 14.2 Standard Error of the Difference between Means for Correlated Groups 293 / 14.3 The Direct-Difference Method: Student’s f-ratio 297 / 14.4 Sandler’s A-Statistic 300 / Chapter Summary 301 An Introduction to the Analysis of Variance 309 15.1 Multigroup Comparisons 310 / 15.2 The Concept of Sums of Squares 312 / 15.3 Obtaining Variance Estimates 315 / 15.4 Fundamental Concepts of Analysis of Variance 316 / 15.5 An Example Involving Three Groups 317 / 15.6 The Interpretation of F 319 / 15.7 Estimating the Degree of Association between the Experimental and Dependent Variables 321 / 15.8 Two-Way Analysis of Variance: Factorial Design 322 / Chapter Summary 331
• • Xll _ Contents PART IV Inferential Statistics 337 Nonparametric Test of Significance ~ì Power and Power Efficiency of a Statistical Test 339 16.1 The Concept of Power 340 / 16.2 Calculation of Power: One-Sample Case 343 / 16.3 The Effect of Sample Size on Power 345 / 16.4 The Effect of a-Level on Power 346 / 16.5 The Effect of the Nature of Hi on Power 347 / 16.6 Parametric versus Nonparametric Tests: Power 347 / 16.7 Calculation of Power: Two-Sample Case 348 / 16.8 The Effect of Correlated Measures on Power 350 / 16.9 Power, Type I and Type II Errors 351 / 16.10 Power Efficiency of a Statistical Test 352 / Chapter Summary 353 ‘f tyj Statistical Inference with 11 u Categorical Variables 355 17.1 Introduction 356 / 17.2 The Binomial Test 358 / 17.3 Normal-Curve Approximation to Binomial Values 361 / 17.4 The x 2 One-Variable Case 362 / 17.5 The x 2 Test of the Independence of Categorical Variables 363 / Case Example 17.1 367 / 17.6 Limitations in the Use of x 2 368 / Chapter Summary 370 1 Statistical Inference with Ordinally Scaled Variables 375 18.1 Introduction 376 / 18.2 Mann-Whitney U-Test 376 / 18.3 Nonparametric Tests Involving Correlated Samples 381 / 18.4 The Sign Test 381 / 18.5 Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed-Rank Test 382 / Chapter Summary 384
References 390 . xm Contents Appendixes A. Review of Basic Mathematics 393 B. Handling Nonnormal Distributions 402 Glossary of Symbols 409 Tables 414 Answers to Selected Exercises Index 485 457 Endpapers / List of Formulas
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| spelling | Runyon, Richard P. Verfasser aut Fundamentals of behavioral statistics Richard P. Runyon ; Audrey Haber* 5. ed. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley 1984 XIII, 494 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Addison-Wesley series in psychology. Sozialwissenschaften Statistik Social sciences Statistical methods Statistics Sozialwissenschaften (DE-588)4055916-6 gnd rswk-swf Sozialwissenschaftler (DE-588)4140123-2 gnd rswk-swf Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd rswk-swf Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 s Sozialwissenschaften (DE-588)4055916-6 s 1\p DE-604 Sozialwissenschaftler (DE-588)4140123-2 s 2\p DE-604 Haber, Audrey Verfasser aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005593689&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk 2\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Runyon, Richard P. Haber, Audrey Fundamentals of behavioral statistics Sozialwissenschaften Statistik Social sciences Statistical methods Statistics Sozialwissenschaften (DE-588)4055916-6 gnd Sozialwissenschaftler (DE-588)4140123-2 gnd Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd |
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| title | Fundamentals of behavioral statistics |
| title_auth | Fundamentals of behavioral statistics |
| title_exact_search | Fundamentals of behavioral statistics |
| title_full | Fundamentals of behavioral statistics Richard P. Runyon ; Audrey Haber* |
| title_fullStr | Fundamentals of behavioral statistics Richard P. Runyon ; Audrey Haber* |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fundamentals of behavioral statistics Richard P. Runyon ; Audrey Haber* |
| title_short | Fundamentals of behavioral statistics |
| title_sort | fundamentals of behavioral statistics |
| topic | Sozialwissenschaften Statistik Social sciences Statistical methods Statistics Sozialwissenschaften (DE-588)4055916-6 gnd Sozialwissenschaftler (DE-588)4140123-2 gnd Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Sozialwissenschaften Statistik Social sciences Statistical methods Statistics Sozialwissenschaftler |
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