Animal physiology: mechanisms and adaptations
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York
Freeman
1988
|
| Ausgabe: | 3. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 683 S. zahlr. Ill u. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0716718286 0716719371 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Animal physiology |b mechanisms and adaptations |c by Roger Eckert |
| 250 | |a 3. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a New York |b Freeman |c 1988 | |
| 300 | |a XII, 683 S. |b zahlr. Ill u. graph. Darst. | ||
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| 650 | 7 | |a Enzymen |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Fisiologia Animal |2 larpcal | |
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| 650 | 7 | |a Neurale netwerken |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Permeabiliteit |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Physiologie | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Animal Population Groups |x physiology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Animals | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Physiology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Physiology, Comparative | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | IMAGE 1
CONTENTS
PREFACE XI ACKNOWLEDGMENTS XIII
CHAPTER 1 THE MEANING OF PHYSIOLOGY 1
WHY ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY? 1 PHYSIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 1 PHYSIOLOGY AND THE
HUMAN EXPERIENCE 2 CENTRAL THEMES IN PHYSIOLOGY 2
FUNCTION IS BASED ON STRUCTURE 2 GENETICS AND PHYSIOLOGY 2 THE
PRINCIPLES OF HOMEOSTASIS 3
BOX 1-1 THE CONCEPT OF FEEDBACK 5
THE LITERATURE OF PHYSIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 6
CHAPTER 2 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CONCEPTS
ATOMS, BONDS, AND MOLECULES 9 THE FITNESS OF H, O, N, AND C FOR LIFE 11
WATER 12 THE WATER MOLECULE 12
PROPERTIES OF WATER 13 WATER AS A SOLVENT 13 SOLUTIONS AND THEIR
COLHGATIVE PROPERTIES 16 SOLUTIONS OF ELECTROLYTES 17
IONIZATION OF WATER 17 ACIDS AND BASES 17 THE BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF
PH 18 THE HENDERSON-HASSELBALCH EQUATION 19 BUFFER SYSTEMS 19 ELECTRIC
CURRENT IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS 20
BOX 2-1 ELECTRICAL TERMINOLOGY AND CONVENTIONS 22
ION SELECTIVITY 22 BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES 24 LIPIDS 24 CARBOHYDRATES 25
PROTEINS 26 NUCLEIC ACIDS 30
CHAPTER 3 ENZYMES AND ENERGETICS 35
ENERGY: CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS 35 CHEMICAL ENERGY TRANSFER BY COUPLED
REACTIONS 38 ATP AND THE HIGH-ENERGY PHOSPHATE GROUP 40 TEMPERATURE AND
REACTION RATES 41
ENZYMES 42 ENZYME SPECIFICITY 44 CATALYTIC ACTIVITY 44 TEMPERATURE AND
REACTION RATES 45 PH SENSITIVITY 45
MODULATION OF ENZYME ACTIVITY 45 COFACTORS 46 ENZYME KINETICS 46
ENZYME-SUBSTRATE AFFINITY 47 ENZYME INHIBITION 48 METABOLIC REGULATORY
MECHANISMS 50
GENETIC CONTROL OF ENZYME SYNTHESIS 50 METABOLIC FEEDBACK INHIBITION 51
ENZYME ACTIVATION 51 METABOLIC PRODUCTION OF ATP 52 OXIDATION,
PHOSPHORYLATION, AND ENERGY TRANSFER 54
THE ELECTRON-TRANSFERRING COENZYMES 55 THE ELECTRON-TRANSPORT CHAIN 55
GLYCOLYSIS 58 TRICARBOXYLIC ACID (KREBS) CYCLE 61
EFFICIENCY OF ENERGY METABOLISM 61 OXYGEN DEBT 63
CHAPTER 4 PERMEABILITY AND TRANSPORT 65
MEMBRANE COMPOSITION 66 MEMBRANE ORGANIZATION 67 SIMPLE BILAYER MODELS
68
BOX 4-1 EVIDENCE FOR THE LIPID BILAYER MEMBRANE 69
IMAGE 2
VI CONTENTS
THE FLUID MOSAIC MODEL 69 SUBUNIT MODELS 71 PHYSICAL FACTORS IN MEMBRANE
PERMEATION 72 DIFFUSION 72
MEMBRANE FLUX 73 OSMOSIS 74 OSMOLARITY AND TONICITY 75
ELECTRICAL INFLUENCES ON ION DISTRIBUTION 75 DONNAN EQUILIBRIUM 76
OSMOTIC PROPERTIES OF CELLS 77 IONIC STEADY STATE 77
CELL VOLUME 78 MECHANISMS OF PASSIVE PERMEATION 80 SIMPLE DIFFUSION
THROUGH THE LIPID BILAYER 80 DIFFUSION THROUGH MEMBRANE CHANNELS 81
BOX 4-2 ARTIFICIAL BILAYERS 82
FACILITATED TRANSPORT 82 ACTIVE TRANSPORT 84 ION GRADIENTS AS A SOURCE
OF CELL ENERGY 85 COTRANSPORT 87
COUNTERTRANSPORT 88 MEMBRANE SELECTIVITY 89 SELECTIVITY FOR ELECTROLYTES
89
SELECTIVITY FOR NONELECTROLYTES 90 ENDOCYTOSIS AND EXOCYTOSIS 90
CELL-CELL JUNCTIONS 92 GAP JUNCTIONS 92
TIGHT JUNCTIONS 93 EPITHELIAL TRANSPORT 94 ACTIVE SALT TRANSPORT ACROSS
AN EPITHELIUM 94 TRANSPORT OF WATER 97
CHAPTER 5 IONS AND EXCITATION 101
THE CONCEPT OF MEMBRANE EXCITATION 101 PASSIVE ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF
CELL MEMBRANES 105 MEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE 106
MEMBRANE CAPACITANCE 108 ELECTROTONIC POTENTIALS 109 ELECTROCHEMICAL
POTENTIALS 109
BOX 5-1 CHARGE SEPARATION BY MEMBRANES 11
THE NERNST RELATION 1 12 THE RESTING POTENTIAL 112
BOX 5-2 DERIVATION OF THE NERNST EQUATION 113
THE ROLE OF ION GRADIENTS AND CHANNELS 1 13 THE ROLE OF ACTIVE TRANSPORT
114 ACTIVE ELECTRICAL RESPONSES 115 IONIC BASIS OF THE ACTION POTENTIAL
116
GENERAL PROPERTIES 1 16 THE SODIUM HYPOTHESIS 118
BOX 5-3 THE VOLTAGE CLAMP METHOD 120
THE SODIUM CHANNEL 121
BOX 5-4 CURRENT-VOLTAGE RELATIONS 125
THE HODGKIN CYCLE 125 THE POTASSIUM CURRENT 126 SUMMARY OF IONIC EVENTS
DURING THE ACTION POTENTIAL 127
CHANGES IN ION CONCENTRATION DURING EXCITATION 128 OTHER ELECTRICALLY
EXCITED CHANNELS 128 PACEMAKER POTENTIALS 130
CHAPTER 6 PROPAGATION AND TRANSMISSION OF SIGNALS 134
NERVE CELLS 134 THE TWO BASIC CLASSES OF ELECTRICAL SIGNALS EMPLOYED BY
NEURONS 136 PASSIVE SPREAD OF ELECTRICAL SIGNALS 137 PROPAGATION OF
NERVE IMPULSES 138
VELOCITY OF PROPAGATION 141
BOX 6-1 EXTRACELLULAR SIGNS OF IMPULSE CONDUCTION 142
BOX 6-2 AXON DIAMETER AND CONDUCTION VELOCITY 143
SALTATORY CONDUCTION 143 CONCEPT OF THE SYNAPSE 144 TRANSMISSION AT
ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES 145 TRANSMISSION AT CHEMICAL SYNAPSES 146
MORPHOLOGY OF CHEMICAL SYNAPSES 147 SYNAPTIC POTENTIALS 148
BOX 6-3 PHARMACOLOGICAL AGENTS USEFUL IN SYNAPTIC STUDIES 150
SYNAPTIC CURRENTS 150 REVERSAL POTENTIAL 151 POSTSYNAPTIC INHIBITION 153
BOX 6-4 CALCULATION OF REVERSAL POTENTIAL 154
PRESYNAPTIC INHIBITION 156 POSTSYNAPTIC RECEPTORS AND CHANNELS 157 THE
ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR CHANNEL 157 PRESYNAPTIC RELEASE OF TRANSMITTER
SUBSTANCES 159
QUANTAL NATURE OF RELEASE 159 DEPOLARIZATION-RELEASE COUPLING 161
SYNAPTIC INTEGRATION 162 SUMMATION 163 SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY 167
HOMOSYNAPTIC MODULATION 168 HETEROSYNAPTIC MODULATION 169 TRANSMITTER
SUBSTANCES 170 BIOGENIC AMINES 171
AMINO ACIDS 173
IMAGE 3
CONTENTS VN
NEUROPEPTIDES 173 ENDOGENOUS OPIOIDS 173
CHAPTER 7 SENSORY MECHANISMS 177
RECEPTOR CELLS AS SENSORY TRANSDUCERS 177 STEPS BETWEEN SENSORY
TRANSDUCTION AND SENSORY OUTPUT 178 INTENSITY CODING 181
INPUT-OUTPUT RELATIONS 181 RANGE FRACTIONATION 183 DETERMINANTS OF
RECEPTOR SENSITIVITY 183 RECEPTOR ADAPTATION 183
MECHANISMS THAT ENHANCE SENSITIVITY 185 EFFERENT CONTROL OF RECEPTOR
SENSITIVITY 186 FEEDBACK INHIBITION OF RECEPTORS 187 CHEMORECEPTION 187
MECHANORECEPTION 191 HAIR CELLS 192 ORGANS OF EQUILIBRIUM 194 THE
MAMMALIAN EAR 195
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE COCHLEA 195 EXCITATION OF THE COCHLEAR
HAIR CELLS 197 FREQUENCY ANALYSIS BY THE COCHLEA 198 ELECTRORECEPTORS
198 THERMORECEPTORS 200 PHOTORECEPTORS 201
AN INVERTEBRATE PHOTORECEPTOR 201 VISUAL RECEPTOR CELLS OF VERTEBRATES
203
BOX 7-1 SUBJECTIVE CORRELATES OF PRIMARY PHOTORESPONSES 204
BOX 7-2 THE ELCCTRORETINOGRAM 205
VISUAL PIGMENTS 207 PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF VISUAL PIGMENTS 208 COLOR VISION
211 OPTIC MECHANISMS 213
COMPOUND EYES 214 THE VERTEBRATE EYE 215
CHAPTER 8 NEURAL PROCESSING AND BEHAVIOR 219
EVOLUTION OF NERVOUS SYSTEMS 219 VERTEBRATE NERVOUS SYSTEMS 222 MAJOR
PARTS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 223 THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM 226
NEURAL CIRCUITS 229
SENSORY FILTERING NETWORKS 232 LATERAL INHIBITION 232 VISUAL PROCESSING
IN THE VERTEBRATE RETINA 235 INFORMATION PROCESSING IN THE VISUAL CORTEX
239
BOX 8-1 SPECIFICITY OF NEURONAL CONNECTIONS AND INTERACTIONS 242
NEUROMOTOR NETWORKS 243 THE MYOTATIC REFLEX 243 EFFERENT CONTROL THROUGH
THE GAMMA LOOP 244 GOLGI TENDON REFLEX 246
THE FLEXION REFLEX AND RECIPROCAL INNERVATION 247 PROGRAMMED BEHAVIOR
248 CENTRALLY GENERATED MOTOR RHYTHMS 248
FIXED ACTION PATTERNS 250 BEHAVIOR IN ANIMALS WITHOUT NERVOUS SYSTEMS
250 INSTINCTIVE BEHAVIOR 254 BEHAVIORAL MODIFICATION 256 ANIMAL
ORIENTATION 258
TAXES AND CORRECTIVE RESPONSES 258 VIBRATIONAL ORIENTATION 259
ECHOLOCATION 260 ANIMAL NAVIGATION 262
CLOCK-COMPASSES 262 GEOMAGNETIC CUES 262
CHAPTER 9 CHEMICAL MESSENGERS AND REGULATORS 266
THE CONCEPT OF FIRST AND SECOND MESSENGERS 268 CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE
SECOND MESSENGERS 270 ADENOSINE CYCLIC MONOPHOSPHATE 270
MULTIPLE ACTIONS OF CAMP 275 MOBILIZATION OF GLUCOSE: A BIOCHEMICAL
MODEL FOR CAMP AS SECOND MESSENGER 275
BOX 9-1 AMPLIFICATION OF HORMONE ACTION- ENZYME CASCADES 276
GUANINE CYCLIC MONOPHOSPHATE 277 THE MEMBRANE LIPID MESSENGERS 277
CALCIUM AS INTRACELLULAR MESSENGER 278
CALMODULIN AND OTHER CALCIUM-BINDING PROTEINS 283 INTRACELLULAR ACTIONS
OF STEROID HORMONES 283 CLASSIFICATION OF HORMONES 286
IDENTIFICATION OF ENDOCRINE GLANDS AND HORMONES 287 REGULATION OF
HORMONE SECRETION 288 FEEDBACK CONTROL 288
PACKAGING AND STORAGE OF HORMONES 289 SECRETORY MECHANISMS 290
NEUROENDOCRINE RELATIONS 291 NEUROSECRETION 292 VERTEBRATE ENDOCRINE
SYSTEMS 293 HYPOTHALAMUS AND PITUITARY 293
NEUROHYPOPHYSEAL HORMONES 293
BOX 9-2 PEPTIDE HORMONES 296
ADENOHYPOPHYSEAL HORMONES 297 HYPOTHALAMIC CONTROL OF THE
ADENOHYPOPHYSIS 298
IMAGE 4
VIII CONTENTS
METABOLIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL HORMONES 300 GLUCOCORTICOIDS 300 THYROID
HORMONES 301 THE CATECHOLAMINES 304
BOX 9-3 MULTIPLE RECEPTORS: CONVERGENT AND DIVERGENT PATHWAYS 308
INSULIN AND GLUCAGON 308 GROWTH HORMONE 309 HORMONAL REGULATION OF WATER
AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 311
PROSTAGLANDINS 313 SEX HORMONES 314 REPRODUCTIVE CYCLES 315 ENDOCRINE
SYSTEMS OF INSECTS 321
REGULATION OF INSECT DEVELOPMENT 321
BOX 9-4 SEX HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR 322
CHAPTER 10 MUSCLE AND MOVEMENT 329
STRUCTURAL BASIS OF CONTRACTION 329 SUBSTRUCTURE OF THE MYOFILAMENTS 330
SLIDING-FILAMENT THEORY 334 LENGTH-TENSION CURVE 334 CROSS-BRIDGE
FUNCTION AND THE PRODUCTION
OF FORCE 335 CHEMISTRY OF CROSS-BRIDGE ACTIVITY 335 CROSS-BRIDGE
ACTIVITY AND MUSCLE CONTRACTION 336 ROLE OF CALCIUM IN CONTRACTION 338
CROSS-BRIDGE ACTIVATION 338
BOX 10-1 EXTRACTED CELL MODELS 339
CROSS-BRIDGE INACTIVATION AND MUSCLE RELAXATION 340
ELECTROMECHANICAL COUPLING 341 MEMBRANE POTENTIAL AND CONTRACTION 341
THE SARCOTUBULAR SYSTEM 342 THE SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM 344
CALCIUM RELEASE BY THE SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM 345 CONTRACTION AND
RELAXATION SUMMARIZED 346 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONTRACTING MUSCLE
346
SARCOMERE LENGTH AND CONTRACTILE PROPERTIES 348 LATENT PERIOD 349
FORCE-VELOCITY RELATIONS 349 SERIES ELASTIC COMPONENTS 350 ACTIVE STATE
351 TWITCH AND TETANUS TENSIONS 351
ENERGETICS OF CONTRACTION 351 METABOLIC SUBTYPES OF STRIATED MUSCLE 353
NEURAL CONTROL OF MUSCLE CONTRACTION 354 VERTEBRATE NEUROMOTOR
ORGANIZATION 354
ARTHROPOD NEUROMUSCULAR ORGANIZATION 355
BOX 10-2 TROPHIC EFFECTS OF NERVES ON MUSCLES 357
ASYNCHRONOUS FLIGHT MUSCLES 359 CARDIAC MUSCLE 359 SMOOTH MUSCLE 360
MUSCULOSKELETAL MECHANICS 363
CHAPTER 11 CELL MOTILITY 368
THE MOLECULES OF MOTILITY 368 CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS 368 MOLECULAR MOTORS
369 REGULATORY PROTEINS 370
CHEMISTRY OF CYTOPLASMIC MOTILITY 371 AMOEBOID LOCOMOTION 372 CILIA AND
FLAGELLA 373 TYPES OF MOVEMENTS 373
FINE STRUCTURE 375 CHEMISTRY OF CILIA AND FLAGELLA 376 MECHANISMS OF
FLAGELLAR BENDING 377 SLIDING-TUBULE HYPOTHESIS 378
PROPAGATION OF BENDING ALONG THE AXONEME 380 COORDINATION OF CILIARY
MOVEMENT 380 METACHRONISM 380
SPONTANEITY AND BEATING FREQUENCY 382 CILIARY REVERSAL 383
CHAPTER 12 OSMOREGULATION AND EXCRETION 387
PROBLEMS OF OSMOREGULATION 387 FACTORS INFLUENCING OBLIGATORY EXCHANGE
390 OSMOREGULATORS AND OSMOCONFORMERS 392 EPITHELIUM AS OSMOREGULATORY
TISSUE 393 OSMOREGULATORY ORGANS 393 THE VERTEBRATE KIDNEY 393
ANATOMY OF THE MAMMALIAN KIDNEY 393 AN OVERVIEW OF URINE PRODUCTION 395
GLOMERULAR FILTRATION 396 TUBULAR REABSORPTION 397
BOX 12-1 RENAL CLEARANCE 399
TUBULAR SECRETION 401 PH REGULATION BY THE KIDNEY 402 THE CONCENTRATING
MECHANISM OF THE NEPHRON 403
BOX 12-2 COUNTERCURRENT SYSTEMS 406
RENAL REGULATORY MECHANISMS 408 EVOLUTION OF THE VERTEBRATE NEPHRON 411
EXTRARENAL OSMOREGULATORY ORGANS OF VERTEBRATES 412
OSMOREGULATORY FUNCTIONS OF FISH GILLS 413 EXTRARENAL SECRETION BY AVIAN
AND REPTILIAN SALT GLANDS 415
IMAGE 5
CONTENTS IX
INVERTEBRATE OSMOREGULATORY ORGANS 417 FILTRATION-REABSORPTION ORGANS
418 SECRETORY-TYPE OSMOREGULATORY ORGANS 419 OSMOREGULATION IN AQUEOUS
ENVIRONMENTS 421
FRESHWATER ANIMALS 421 MARINE ANIMALS 421 OSMOREGULATION IN TERRESTRIAL
ENVIRONMENTS 424 WATER MOVEMENT THROUGH THE INTEGUMENT 424
WATER LOSS DURING AIR BREATHING 426 WATER ABSORPTION FROM THE AIR 427
WATER LOSS DURING EXCRETION AND ION REGULATION 427
THE KANGAROO RAT: INTEGRATED SPECIALIZATION FOR DESERT LIFE 428
EXCRETION OF NITROGENOUS WASTES 429
CHAPTER 13 CIRCULATION OF THE BLOOD 435
GENERAL PLAN OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM 435 THE MAMMALIAN HEART 438
ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF THE HEART 438 PACEMAKER REGION 438
TRANSMISSION OF EXCITATION OVER THE HEART 440 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF
THE HEART 442 CHANGES IN PRESSURE AND FLOW DURING A SINGLE HEARTBEAT 442
WORK DONE BY THE HEART 443 STROKE VOLUME, HEART RATE, AND CARDIAC OUTPUT
444
BOX 13-1 POTENTIAL ENERGY, PRESSURE, AND KINETIC ENERGY 445
THE PERICARDIUM 446 FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGY OF THE VERTEBRATE HEART 447
FISHES 447 AMPHIBIANS 448
REPTILES 448 MAMMALIAN FETUS 450 BIRD EMBRYO 450 HEMODYNAMICS 450
LAMINAR AND TURBULENT FLOW 451 PRESSURE AND FLOW: POISEUILLE S EQUATION
452 RESISTANCE TO FLOW 453 VISCOSITY OF BLOOD 453
COMPLIANCE IN THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM 455 THE ARTERIAL SYSTEM 455 BLOOD
PRESSURE 456
GRAVITY AND BODY POSITION 458 BLOOD FLOW 458 THE VENOUS SYSTEM 459 RETE
MIRABILE 459
CAPILLARIES 459 THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM 463 REGULATION OF CAPILLARY BLOOD
FLOW 464 NERVOUS CONTROL OF CAPILLARY BLOOD FLOW 464
LOCAL CONTROL OF CAPILLARY BLOOD FLOW 465 CARDIOVASCULAR CONTROL BY THE
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 466 BARORECEPTORS 466
CARDIAC RECEPTORS 467 SKELETAL MUSCLE AFFERENT FIBERS 468 ARTERIAL
CHEMORECEPTORS 469 CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSES TO EXERCISE 469
CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSES TO DIVING 471
CHAPTER 14 EXCHANGE OF GASES 474
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 474 OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE IN BLOOD 475
RESPIRATORY PIGMENTS 475
BOX 14-1 THE GAS LAWS 476
OXYGEN TRANSPORT IN BLOOD 478 CARBON DIOXIDE TRANSPORT IN BLOOD 480 THE
VERTEBRATE LUNG: AIR BREATHING 483 FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF THE LUNG 484
BOX 14-2 LUNG VOLUMES 487
BLOOD CIRCULATION TO THE LUNG 489 MECHANISMS OF VENTILATION 491 THE
PROBLEM OF ALVEOLAR COLLAPSE 494 HEAT AND WATER LOSS WITH RESPIRATION
495 THE VERTEBRATE GILL: WATER BREATHING 496
REGULATION OF GAS TRANSFER AND RESPIRATION 498 VENTILATION-TO-PERFUSION
RATIOS 498
BOX 14-3 VENTILATION-TO-PERFUSION RATIOS 499
NEURAL REGULATION OF BREATHING 500 RESPONSES TO CHANGES IN RESPIRATORY
GAS LEVELS 506 RESPIRATORY ADAPTATIONS FOR DIVING 507 RESPIRATORY
RESPONSES DURING EXERCISE 507 REGULATION OF BODY PH 508
, HYDROGEN ION PRODUCTION AND EXCRETION 509 HYDROGEN ION DISTRIBUTION
BETWEEN COMPARTMENTS 510 FACTORS INFLUENCING INTRACELLULAR PH 511
FACTORS INFLUENCING BODY PH 511 OTHER GAS-TRANSFER SYSTEMS 512
THE INSECT TRACHEAL SYSTEM 512 GAS TRANSFER IN BIRD EGGS 515
ACCUMULATION OF OXYGEN IN SWIM BLADDERS 516
CHAPTER 15 FEEDING, DIGESTION, AND ABSORPTION 520
DIGESTIVE HYDROLYSIS 520 FEEDING STRATEGIES 522 ABSORPTION OF FOOD
THROUGH BODY SURFACE 522 ENDOCYTOSIS 522
IMAGE 6
X CONTENTS
FILTER FEEDING 523
PIERCING AND SUCKING 524 JAWS, BEAKS, AND TEETH 525 PREY CAPTURE TOXINS
526 NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS 527
NUTRIENT MOLECULES 528 OVERVIEW OF ALIMENTARY SYSTEMS 529 RECEIVING
REGION 529 CONDUCTING AND STORAGE REGION 533
DIGESTIVE REGION 533 INTESTINAL EPITHELIUM 535 WATER-ABSORBING AND
ELIMINATION REGION 535 MOTILITY OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL 535
PERISTALSIS 537 CONTROL OF MOTILITY 538 GASTROINTESTINAL SECRETIONS 539
EXOCRINE GLANDS 540
WATER AND ELECTROLYTES 542 BILE AND BILE SALTS 542 DIGESTIVE ENZYMES 543
CONTROL OF DIGESTIVE SECRETIONS 546
SALIVARY AND GASTRIC SECRETIONS 546
BOX 15-1 BEHAVIORAL CONDITIONING IN FEEDING AND DIGESTION 547
INTESTINAL AND PANCREATIC SECRETIONS ABSORPTION 547 548 INTESTINAL
TRANSPORT 549
WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE IN THE GUT 551
CHAPTER 16 ANIMAL ENERGETICS AND TEMPERATURE RELATIONS 555
THE CONCEPT OF ENERGY METABOLISM 555 TEMPERATURE CLASSIFICATIONS OF
ANIMALS 556 MEASUREMENT OF METABOLIC RATES 558 MEASUREMENT FROM FOOD
INTAKE AND
WASTE REMOVAL 559 DIRECT CALORIMETRY 559 INDIRECT CALORIMETRY 560
BOX 16-1 ENERGY UNITS 560
RESPIRATORY QUOTIENT 562 SPECIFIC DYNAMIC ACTION 563 ENERGY STORAGE 563
BODY SIZE AND METABOLIC RATE 563
EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON ANIMALS 567 TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF
METABOLIC RATE 567 THERMAL ACCLIMATION 568 DETERMINANTS OF BODY HEAT AND
TEMPERATURE 569
HEAT PRODUCTION 569 HEAT TRANSFER 569 TEMPERATURE RELATIONS OF
ECTOTHERMS 570
ECTOTHERMS IN COLD ENVIRONMENTS 570 ECTOTHERMS IN HOT ENVIRONMENTS 572
COSTS AND BENEFITS OF THE ECTOTHERMIC WAY OF LIFE 572
BOX 16-2 PHYSICAL CONCEPTS OF HEAT AND TEMPERATURE 574
TEMPERATURE STRATEGIES OF THE HETEROTHERMS 575 TEMPERATURE RELATIONS OF
THE ENDOTHERRRIS 577 THERMAL NEUTRAL ZONE 577 THERMOGENESIS 580
ENDOTHERMY IN COLD ENVIRONMENTS 581 COUNTERCURRENT HEAT EXCHANGE 582
LOW-TEMPERATURE LIPIDS 583 ENDOTHERMY IN HOT ENVIRONMENTS--
DISSIPATION OF BODY HEAT 584 EVAPORATIVE COOLING 585 THERMOSTATIC
REGULATION OF BODY TEMPERATURE 587 THE MAMMALIAN THERMOSTAT 587
NONMAMMALIAN THERMOREGULATORY CENTERS 590 FEVER 591 THERMOREGULATION
DURING EXERCISE 591 DORMANCY 593
SLEEP 593 TORPOR 593 HIBERNATION AND WINTER SLEEP 593 ESTIVATION 595
ENERGETICS OF LOCOMOTION 595
ANIMAL SIZE, VELOCITY, AND COST OF LOCOMOTION 595 PHYSICAL FACTORS
INFLUENCING LOCOMOTION 597 AQUATIC, AERIAL, AND TERRESTRIAL LOCOMOTION
597
SWIMMING 597
BOX 16-3 THE REYNOLDS NUMBER 598
FLYING 599 RUNNING 600 LOCOMOTORY ENERGETICS OF ECTOTHERMS VERSUS
ENDOTHERMS 601
APPENDIX 1: SI UNITS 606
APPENDIX 2: SELECTED ATOMIC WEIGHTS 607
APPENDIX 3: CONVERSIONS, FORMULAS, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CONSTANTS,
DEFINITIONS 608
REFERENCES CITED 611
GLOSSARY 621
INDEX OF NAMES 641
INDEX OF TOPICS 644
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Eckert, Roger 1934-1986 |
| author_GND | (DE-588)118946994 |
| author_facet | Eckert, Roger 1934-1986 |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Eckert, Roger 1934-1986 |
| author_variant | r e re |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV008114850 |
| callnumber-first | Q - Science |
| callnumber-label | QP31 |
| callnumber-raw | QP31.2 |
| callnumber-search | QP31.2 |
| callnumber-sort | QP 231.2 |
| callnumber-subject | QP - Physiology |
| classification_rvk | WW 1543 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)16405314 (DE-599)BVBBV008114850 |
| dewey-full | 591.1 |
| dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
| dewey-ones | 591 - Specific topics in natural history of animals |
| dewey-raw | 591.1 |
| dewey-search | 591.1 |
| dewey-sort | 3591.1 |
| dewey-tens | 590 - Animals |
| discipline | Biologie |
| edition | 3. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| genre | 1\p (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Einführung |
| id | DE-604.BV008114850 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:14:41Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0716718286 0716719371 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-005347532 |
| oclc_num | 16405314 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-20 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-11 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-20 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-11 DE-188 |
| physical | XII, 683 S. zahlr. Ill u. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1988 |
| publishDateSearch | 1988 |
| publishDateSort | 1988 |
| publisher | Freeman |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Eckert, Roger 1934-1986 Verfasser (DE-588)118946994 aut Animal physiology mechanisms and adaptations by Roger Eckert 3. ed. New York Freeman 1988 XII, 683 S. zahlr. Ill u. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Physiology cabt Bioactivering gtt Dieren gtt Enzymen gtt Fisiologia Animal larpcal Fysiologie gtt Neurale netwerken gtt Permeabiliteit gtt Physiologie Animal Population Groups physiology Animals Physiology Physiology, Comparative Tierphysiologie (DE-588)4060126-2 gnd rswk-swf 1\p (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content Tierphysiologie (DE-588)4060126-2 s DE-604 SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005347532&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Eckert, Roger 1934-1986 Animal physiology mechanisms and adaptations Physiology cabt Bioactivering gtt Dieren gtt Enzymen gtt Fisiologia Animal larpcal Fysiologie gtt Neurale netwerken gtt Permeabiliteit gtt Physiologie Animal Population Groups physiology Animals Physiology Physiology, Comparative Tierphysiologie (DE-588)4060126-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4060126-2 (DE-588)4151278-9 |
| title | Animal physiology mechanisms and adaptations |
| title_auth | Animal physiology mechanisms and adaptations |
| title_exact_search | Animal physiology mechanisms and adaptations |
| title_full | Animal physiology mechanisms and adaptations by Roger Eckert |
| title_fullStr | Animal physiology mechanisms and adaptations by Roger Eckert |
| title_full_unstemmed | Animal physiology mechanisms and adaptations by Roger Eckert |
| title_short | Animal physiology |
| title_sort | animal physiology mechanisms and adaptations |
| title_sub | mechanisms and adaptations |
| topic | Physiology cabt Bioactivering gtt Dieren gtt Enzymen gtt Fisiologia Animal larpcal Fysiologie gtt Neurale netwerken gtt Permeabiliteit gtt Physiologie Animal Population Groups physiology Animals Physiology Physiology, Comparative Tierphysiologie (DE-588)4060126-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Physiology Bioactivering Dieren Enzymen Fisiologia Animal Fysiologie Neurale netwerken Permeabiliteit Physiologie Animal Population Groups physiology Animals Physiology, Comparative Tierphysiologie Einführung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005347532&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT eckertroger animalphysiologymechanismsandadaptations |