Global atmospheric circulations: observations and theories
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Undetermined |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York u.a.
Oxford Univ. Press
1993
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVI, 430 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0195072456 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Global atmospheric circulations |b observations and theories |c Richard Grotjahn |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York u.a. |b Oxford Univ. Press |c 1993 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804122324023115776 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION AND EARLY THEORIES, 3
1.1 A considerable circulation, 3
1.2 General remarks, 4
1.3 Historical background: Part I, 6
2. OBSERVING THE ATMOSPHERE, 15
2.1 An overview, 15
2.2 The surface-based network and its biases, 16
2.3 Other observing systems and their limitations, 17
2.3.1 Satellite-based systems, 17
2.3.2 Other systems, 25
2.4 Data analysis, 27
2.5 Spatial and temporal representativeness, 28
2.6 Compositing observations, 34
3. ZONAL AVERAGE OBSERVATIONS, 39
3.1 Zonal average radiation and heating fields, 40
3.2 Zonal average temperature fields, 57
3.3 Zonal average velocity fields, 63
3.4 Zonal average pressure fields, 74
3.5 Zonal average moisture and cloudiness, 77
CONTENTS
4. MOMENTUM AND ENERGY RELATIONSHIPS, 90
4.1 Zonal average momentum equation, 91
4.2 Component kinetic energy equations, 96
4.2.1 Derivations, 97
4.2.2 Interpretation, 70J
4.2.2.1 Zonal mean cells transport, 103
4.2.2.2 Eddy transports, 104
4.3 Available potential energy, 111
4.3.1 Introduction, 111
4.3.2 General comments, 113
4.3.3 Derivation of available potential energy; 775
4.4 Limited volume energy generation equations, 121
4.5 Interpretation of the limited volume energy equations, 128
4.5.1 Term (A), 128
4.5.1.1 Solar (shortwave) radiation, 129
4.5.1.2 Outgoing (longwave) infared radiation, 129
4.5.1.3 Sensible heat transfer, 129
4.5.1.4 Latent heat, 132
4.5.1.5 Frictional dissipation, 134
4.5.2 Term(B), 135
4.5.3 Term(C), 141
4.5.4 Term(D), 142
4.5.5 Term(E), 143
4.6 Eddy versus zonal average energetics, 143
5. OBSERVED NONZONAL FIELDS, 160
5.1 Radiation fields, 161
5.2 Temperature fields, 164
5.3 Velocity fields, 169
5.4 Pressure fields, 177
5.5 Cloudiness, rainfall, and humidity, 181
5.6 Momentum flux fields, 192
5.7 Heat flux fields, 193
5.8 Storm tracks, 197
5.9 Energetics, 204
5.10 Asian summer monsoon, 210
CONTENTS
6. THEORIES FOR ZONAL FIELDS, 218
6.1 Simple radiative-convective models, 218
6.2 Zonal mean motions from eddies, 231
6.2.1 Historical background: Part II, 231
6.2.2 Zonal momentum: Maintenance against friction, 233
6.2.3 Subtropical jets: Roles of Hadley cells and eddies, 238
6.2.3.1 Transient eddies versus time-mean cells, 238
6.2.3.2 Hadley cell motions and the jet, 240
6.2.4 The stratospheric “Hadley” circulation, 244
6.3 Kuo-Eliassen equation, 249
6.3.1 Derivation, 249
6.3.2 Discussion, 254
6.3.2.1 Eddy momen turn flux divergence, 256
6.3.2.2 Eddy heat flux convergence, 257
6.3.2.3 Diabatic heating, 259
6.3.2.4 Frictional retardation, 260
63.2.5 Combined influences, 263
6.4 Some possible feedbacks, 264
6.5 Reconciliation of momentum flux and jet stream positions, 269
6.5.1 Angular momentum conservation, 270
6.5.2 Eddy-induced circulations, 271
6.5.3 Orographic and thermal localizing of winds, 274
6.5.4 Time variability, 280
6.5.5 Summary, 280
6.6 Simple zonally symmetric flow models, 281
6.7 Intertropical convergence zone structure and CISK, 286
7. THEORIES FOR NONZONAL FIELDS, 298
7.1 The instability of zonal man fields, 299
7.1.1 A simple analytic model, 299
7.1.2 Laboratory experiments, 307
7.2 Forced plantary waves, 311
7.2.1 An early study of topographic forcing, 314
7.2.2 An early study of thermal forcing, 323
7.2.3 Transient eddy forcing, 330
7.2.4 Which forcing dominates? 334
7.2.5 Energy propagation, 341
7.3 Wave-cyclone life cycles, 343
7.3.1 Theoretical evidence, 343
7.3.2 Observational evidence, 352
CONTENTS
7.4 Eliassen-Palmfluxes, 358
7.4 J Example 1: Mean meridional circulations, 360
7A.2 Example 2: Potential vorticity, 366
7A3 Example 3: Zonal mean zonal wind maintenance, 367
7A.4 Example 4: Eddy energy propogation, 368
7.4.5 EP flux diagrams for frontal cyclones, 371
7.4.6 Stratospheric sudden warming, 374
8. APPLICATIONS, 380
8.1 Speculations on a qualifying exam problem, 381
8.2 Applications to “global change, ” 383
APPENDIX: AVERAGING, 386
A.l Basic definitions, 387
A. 2 Some general rules, 387
REFERENCES, 391
INDEX, 417
|
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:12:04Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0195072456 |
| language | Undetermined |
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| physical | XVI, 430 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 1993 |
| publishDateSearch | 1993 |
| publishDateSort | 1993 |
| publisher | Oxford Univ. Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Grotjahn, Richard Verfasser aut Global atmospheric circulations observations and theories Richard Grotjahn New York u.a. Oxford Univ. Press 1993 XVI, 430 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Thermodynamik (DE-588)4059827-5 gnd rswk-swf Atmosphäre (DE-588)4003397-1 gnd rswk-swf Allgemeine atmosphärische Zirkulation (DE-588)4202863-2 gnd rswk-swf Allgemeine atmosphärische Zirkulation (DE-588)4202863-2 s DE-604 Atmosphäre (DE-588)4003397-1 s Thermodynamik (DE-588)4059827-5 s Digitalisierung UB Bamberg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005232267&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Grotjahn, Richard Global atmospheric circulations observations and theories Thermodynamik (DE-588)4059827-5 gnd Atmosphäre (DE-588)4003397-1 gnd Allgemeine atmosphärische Zirkulation (DE-588)4202863-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4059827-5 (DE-588)4003397-1 (DE-588)4202863-2 |
| title | Global atmospheric circulations observations and theories |
| title_auth | Global atmospheric circulations observations and theories |
| title_exact_search | Global atmospheric circulations observations and theories |
| title_full | Global atmospheric circulations observations and theories Richard Grotjahn |
| title_fullStr | Global atmospheric circulations observations and theories Richard Grotjahn |
| title_full_unstemmed | Global atmospheric circulations observations and theories Richard Grotjahn |
| title_short | Global atmospheric circulations |
| title_sort | global atmospheric circulations observations and theories |
| title_sub | observations and theories |
| topic | Thermodynamik (DE-588)4059827-5 gnd Atmosphäre (DE-588)4003397-1 gnd Allgemeine atmosphärische Zirkulation (DE-588)4202863-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Thermodynamik Atmosphäre Allgemeine atmosphärische Zirkulation |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005232267&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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