Applied radiation biology and protection:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English French |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York u.a.
Ellis Horwood
1990
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Ellis Horwood series in physics and its applications
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | EST: Radiobiologie et radioprotection appliquées <engl.> |
| Beschreibung: | 355 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0130399914 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Granier, Robert |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Applied radiation biology and protection |c Robert Granier ; Denis-Jean Gambini |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York u.a. |b Ellis Horwood |c 1990 | |
| 300 | |a 355 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Ellis Horwood series in physics and its applications | |
| 500 | |a EST: Radiobiologie et radioprotection appliquées <engl.> | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Ionizing radiation |x Safety measures | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Radiation Effects | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Radiation Protection | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Radiation, Ionizing | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Radiobiology | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Strahlenbiologie |0 (DE-588)4057819-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Strahlenbiologie |0 (DE-588)4057819-7 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gambini, Denis-Jean |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HEBIS Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005041048&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-005041048 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804122040821612544 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | APPLIED
RADIATION
BIOLOGY AND
PROTECTION
ROBERT GRANIER
Brigadier-Physician
formerly head, Nuclear Medicine Service
Hopital d Instruction des Armees du Val-de-Grace, Paris
DENIS-JEAN GAMBINI
Professor of Biophysics
Faculte de Medecine Necker, Universite Rene Descartes, Paris
Physician
Service de Medecine Nucleaire, Hopital Laennec, Paris
Translator
ROY LISKER
ELLIS HORWOOD
NEW YORK LONDON TORONTO SYDNEY TOKYO SINGAPORE
Table of contents
Acknowledgements 19
Preface 21
Introduction 23
1 Sources of ionizing radiation and their interactions with matter
1 General remarks 27
1 1 Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation 27
1 2 Directly and indirectly ionizing radiation 27
1 3 Viewing the paths of ionizing particles 28
2 Directly ionizing radiation : 31
2 1 Heavy charged particles 31
211 Sources 31
212 Mechanisms of interaction of heavy charged particles
with matter 31
2 L2 1 Interactions with electrons 31
2122 Interactions with atomic nuclei 32
2123 Atomic polarization: the Cerenkov effect 32
213 Energy loss by heavy charged particles 33
214 The range of heavy charged particles 35
2 2 Light charged particles 35
221 Sources , 35
222 Mechanisms of interaction of light charged particles 35
2221 Interactions with atomic electrons 35
2222 Interactions with atomic nuclei 36
2223 Interactions with atoms 36
223 Energy loss by light charged particles 36
224 Range of lighi charged particles 38
3 Indirectly ionizing radiation 38
6 Table of contents
3 1 Electromagnetic radiation 38
311 Sources 38
312 Laws of attenuation of X-or y-rays 39
3121 Energy loss by X-or y-photons 39
3122 Differential expression of the attenuation of a
monochromatic beam of parallel X-or Y-rays 40
3123 Surficial mass 40
3124 Physical meaning of the total linear attenuation
coefficient 41
3125 Exponential attenuation of a collimated beam of
monochromatic X-or Y-rays 42
3126 Half-value layer (HVL) 43
3127 Mean free path 44
313 Mechanisms of interaction of X-and Y-rays with matter 44
3131 Photoelectric effect 45
3132 Compton scattering 48
3133 Pair production 54
3134 Thomson and Rayleigh scattering 57
3135 Photonuclear reactions 57
314 Energy loss from X-or Y-ray beam 57
3141 Total attenuation coefficient 57
3142 The attenuation of a polychromatic beam 58
3 2 Neutrons 59
321 Sources 59
322 Mechanisms of interaction with matter 60
3221 Scattering 60
3222 Capture 61
3223 Fission 62
3224 Attenuation of neutrons 62
Bibliography 63
2 Detection and measurement of ionizing radiation
1 General remarks 65
2 Instruments based on the ionization of gases 66
2 1 Classification of instruments 66
2 2 Ionization chambers 68
221 Construction of an ionization chamber 68
222 Arrangement of an ionization chamber 68
2221 Integration ionization chamber 69
2222 Rate meter ionization chamber 69
2223 Pulse ionization chamber 69
2 3 Proportional counters 70
2 4 Geiger-Miiller counters 71
241 Construction of a Geiger-Muller counter 71
242 Characteristics of a Geiger-Muller counter 72
2421 Plateau of a Geiger-Muller counter 72
2422 Thedead time of a Geiger-Muller counter 72
2423 Background of a Geiger-Muller counter 72
Table of contents 7
2424 Efficiency of a Geiger-Muller counter 73
243 The types of Geiger-Muller counters and their uses 73
2431 Tubular counters 73
2432 Thin-window counters 73
3 Instruments for the detection and measurement of ionizing radiation,
based on the blackening of photographic films 73
3 1 Autoradiographic techniques 73
3 2 Photographic techniques 73
4 Chemical dosimeters 74
5 Scintillation counters 74
5 1 Elements of a scintillation detector 75
511 The scintillator 75
5111 The different kinds of scintillator 75
5112 Functioning of a scintillator 76
5113 Characteristics of a scintillator 76
512 The photomultiplier 79
5121 Description and operation of the photomultiplier 79
5122 Characteristics of a photomultiplier 79
513 The associated electronics 79
5131A high-voltage supply 80
5132 Preamplifier : 80
5133 Linear pulse amplifier 80
5134 Pulse amplitude selector or single channel
analyzer 81
5135 Multichannel analyzers 81
5136 Counting devices 81
5 2 Characteristics of a scintillation counter 81
521 The dead time of a scintillation counter 81
522 Background of a scintillation counter 85
523 Efficiency of a scintillation counter 85
524 Energy resolution 85
525 Spatial resolution 86
5 3 The principal types of scintillation detector 88
531 Scintillation counters embodying a solid scintillation probe 88
532 Well counters 88
533 Liquid scintillation counting equipment 88
534 Whole-body counters 88
535 Radio-isotope scanners 88
536 Gamma-camera 89
537 Tomo-gamma-camera 89
538 Positron tomocamera 90
6 Semiconductor detectors 90
7 Instruments based on the measurement of structural defects 92
7 1 Thermoluminescent detectors 92
7 2 Radioluminescent detectors 92
7 3 Transparent detectors 92
8 Instruments based on calorimetric methods 93
9 Cerenkov counters 93
Bibliography 93
8 Table of contents
3 Dosimetry
1 General remarks 95
2 Definitions of the fundamental units 96
2 1 Concept of a radiation field 96
2 2 Effects of a radiation field 97
2 3 Kerma 97
2 4 Absorbed dose 100
2 5 Integral absorbed dose 100
2 6 Relationship between the kerma and the absorbed dose: the
concept of electronic equilibrium 102
2 7 Kerma in air and exposure 102
3 Measurement of an absorbed dose 104
3 1 Indirect measurement through measurement of exposure 104
311 The case of photons with energy less than several MeV 104
312 The case of photons whose energy is greater then several MeV 106
313 The case of electrons 107
314 Instruments for measuring exposure 107
3 2 Direct measurement of an absorbed dose 108
321 The Bragg-Gray principle 108
322 Application to the direct measurement of an absorbed dose 108
323 Application to exposure measurements I l l
4 External dosimetry I l l
4 1 Characteristics of the source 112
411 The exposure rate constant 112
412 The air kerma-rate constant 114
413 The reference exposure rate XR or air-kerma rate KR 115
414 The nominal exposure rate, XN 115
415 The normal air-kerma rate, KN 115
4 2 Geometric conditions 116
5 Internal dosimetry 117
54 The Marinelli formulae 118
5 2 The computation methods of the MIRD 120
521 Parameters relevant to internal dosimetry 120
5211 The cumulated activity, A 120
5212 The equilibrium dose constant, A 121
5213 The absorbed fraction, q 122
5214 The 5-factor 122
522 Expression for the absorbed dose 123
6 Dose equivalents 123
Bibliography 124
4 Biological effects of ionizing radiation
1 General remarks 126
2 Mechanisms of actions of ionizing radiations 127
2 1 Direct physicochemical effects 127
2 2 Indirect physicochemical effects 128
221 Radiolysis of water: formation of free radicals 128
222 The further reactions of free radicals 129
2221 Influence of the form of the radiation 129
Table of contents 9
2222 Influence of the presence of oxygen 130
2223 Influence of the presence of organic substances 131
Biochemical mechanisms of cellular lesions 132
3 1 Enzymatic systems 132
3 2 Desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) 133
321 Structure and function of desoxyribonucleic acid 133
322 DNA lesions 136
3221 Breaks of the chains 136
3222 Base damages 137
3223 Damage of the sugars 137
3224 Structural modification of the DNA 137
3 3 Enzymatic repair of lesions 137
331 Description of the mechanisms 137
3311 The excision-repair process 137
3312 The SOS repair process 138
3313 Post-replicative repair 138
3314 Transalkylization repair 140
3315 Photorepair 140
332 Initiating modes 140
3 4 Consequences on the chromosomes of DNA lesions 140
341 Structure of the chromosomes 140
342 Chromosomic lesions 141
3421 Alterations in the structure of one or more
chromosomes 142
3422 Changes in the number of chromosomes 143
3 5 Mutagenic consequences of radio-exposure 143
Effects of a radio-exposure on the cell 143
4 1 The cellular cycle 143
4 2 The different cellular effects : 144
421 Cell death 144
422 Alterations of the cellular functions 145
Consequences of a radio-exposure on a cellular population 146
5 1 The surviving fraction-dose relation 146
5 2 The modelling of survival curves 147
521 Ballistic models 148
5211 Exponential survival curves: cellular model for
immediately lethal targets 148
5212 Bolstered survival curves 149
5213 Calculation of the volume of the target 151
522 Enzymatic models 151
523 Degree of precision in the parameters 152
Factors of radiosensitivity 152
6 1 Conditions of radio-exposure 152
611 Dose rate, dose fractionation 152
612 Nature of radiation 153
6121 Relative biological effectiveness 153
6122 Quality factors used in radiation protection 154
10 Table of contents
6 2 Factors tied to the cellular environment 156
621 Presence of radioprotectors 156
6211 Chemical radioprotectors 156
6212 Biological radioprotectors 157
622 The presence of radiosensitizers 158
6221 Radiosensitizers of anoxic cells 158
6222 Cytotoxic compounds activated by radiations 158
6223 Compounds which modify the regulation process 158
6 3 Cellular factors 159
631 DNA content 159
632 Enzymatic equipment 160
633 Phase of the cell cycle 160
634 Nature of the cells: The Bergonie-Tribondeau law 160
Bibliography 161
5 Effects of ionizing radiation on the human body
1 General remarks 163
2 Short-term effects 163
2 1 Acute radiation exposure syndrome 163
211 Prodromic phase 164
212 Latency period 164
213 Hematopoetic syndrome 165
214 Gastro-intestinal syndrome 165
215 Nervous syndrome 165
216 Skin injuries 165
217 Pulmonary syndrome 165
2 2 Delayed manifestations 166
221 Lesions of haematopoietic tissues 166
222 Lesions of the gastro-intestinal tract 167
223 Lesions of the nervous system 167
224 Skin lesions 167
225, Pulmonary lesions 167
226 Ocular lesions 167
227 Hepatic lesions 167
228 Lesions of the thyroid 167
229 Lesions of the gonads 167
2291 In the male 168
2292 In the female 168
2 3 Effects on the development of the embryo 168
2 4 Quantification of short-term effects 171
3 Delayed effects 172
3 1 Somatic effects 172
311 Epidemiological data 172
312 Clinical studies 172
313 Health effects of exposure to low-dose radiation 174
3 2 Genetic effects 174
321 General remarks 174
Table of contents 11
3211 Chromosomic mutations 175
3212 Genetic mutations 175
322 Radiation-induced mutagenesis 175
3221 Classical results 175
3222 New results 176
3223 Human and animal clinical studies 176
323 Effects of increased mutation frequency V
3231 Multifactorial characters 177
3232 Recessive characters 177
3233 Dominant characters 177
3 2 3A Sex-linked recessive characters 177
3235 Global effect 178
3 3 Quantification of delayed effects 178
331 Individual and collective effective dose equivalents 178
332 Individual and collective committed effective dose equivalents 179
333 Somatically significant dose equivalent (SSD) 180
334 Genetically significant dose equivalent (GSD) 180
Bibliography 181
6 Natural radioexposure
1 General remarks 183
2 Radio-elements in the earth s crust 183
2 1 Nature of the terrestrial radio-elements 184
211 The radioactive families 184
2111 Family of uranium 238 185
2112 Family of thorium 232 186
2113 Family of uranium 235 186
2114 Family of neptunium 237 187
212 The natural elements without families 187
2 2 Measurement of natural radio-elements 189
221 Uranium 190
222 Radium 190
223 Thorium 190
2231 Method based on detection of the a emission of
radon 220 (thoron) 190
2232 Method by activation 190
224 Potassium 190
2 3 Detection of the natural radio-elements by autoradiography 191
2 4 Radio-exposure from telluric sources 191
241 External radio-exposure 191
242 Internal radio-exposure 191
3 Cosmic rays 192
3 1 Nature of cosmic rays 192
311 Primary cosmic rays 192
312 Secondary cosmic rays 192
3 2 Means of studying cosmic rays 193
3 3 Radio-exposure by cosmic rays 193
12 Table of contents
4 • Distribution of natural radioactivity 194
4 1 Radioactivity of the Earth s crust 194
4 2 Radioactivity in the air 194
4 3 Radioactivity in waters 195
4 4 Influence of housing conditions on the absorbed dose through
natural exposure 195
4 5 Evaluation of the different sources of natural radio-exposure 195
5 Domestic radio-exposure 196
Bibliography 196
7 Medical radio-exposure
1 General remarks 197
2 Principles of regulation 197
3 Ionizing rays used in medicine 198
3 1 Radiology 198
311 Radiodiagnostics 198
312 Radiotherapy 199
3121 Roentgentherapy 199
3122 Betatherapy 200
3123 Therapy using particles other than X photons
and electrons 200
3124 Telecobaltotherapy 200
3125 Curietherapy : 201
313 Interventional radiology 207
3 2 Nuclear medicine 207
321 Classification of the uses of nuclear medicine 207
322 Radiopharmaceuticals 208
323 Instrumentation 209
3 3 Pacemakers with radio-isotopic batteries 209
4 Radiomedical exposure: fields of use, ethical and other aspects 209
5 Scope of medical radio-exposure 210
5 1 Frequency of examinations 211
5 2 Biological effects on individuals 211
521 Non-stochastic somatic effects 211
522 Stochastic somatic effects 211
523 Genetic effects 212
524 Effective dose equivalent 213
5 3 Collective biological effects 216
531 Effective dose equivalent 216
532 Genetically significant dose equivalent 216
6 Reducing medical radu exposure 217
6 1 Measures applicable to radiology 218
6 2 Measures applicable to nuclear medicine 221
Bibliography 222
8 Industrial radio-exposure of electronuclear origin
1 General remarks 225
Table of contents 13
2 Nuclear power plants and associated installations 225
2 1 The construction of a reactor : 226
2 2 The principal types of reactor : 226
3 International principles of regulation 227
4 Origins of radio-exposures connected with the operation of nuclear
power plants and associated installations • 228
4 1 Mineral extraction and treatment 228
4 2 Refinement, enrichment, and manufacture of fuel 229
4 3 The operation of reactors 229
4 4 Fuel reprocessing 299
441 The gaseous effluents ; : 299
442 The liquid effluents ; 299
443 Solid wastes 231
4 5 Decommissioning of nuclear facilities 231
5 The transport of radioactive materials 232
6 Management of radioactive wastes 233
6 1 Gaseous effluents 233
6 2 Liquid effluents 235
621 Hydrological factors
622 Physicochemical factors 236
623 Biological factors 237
6 3 Solid wastes - 237
6 4 Elimination of radioactive wastes 237
641 Very limited storage 237
642 Provisional storage 238
643 Permanent storage 238
7 Distribution of radio-exposure deriving from the activity of nuclear
power plants 239
7 1 Atmospheric pollution : 239
7 2 Pollution of waters and of the soil
7 3 Contamination of the alimentary chain 239
7 4 Overview of human radio-exposure due to the activities of
nuclear power plants : 239
8 Radio-exposure norms applicable to the general public 240
Bibliography 240
9 Radio-exposure tied to human activities other than medical uses of
ionizing radiation, the functioning of nuclear power plants, or atomic
explosions
1 General remarks : 242
2 Principles of legal regulation
3 Sources of radio-exposure due to industrial activities : 243
3 1 Activities of establishments using radio-elements in unsealed sources 244
311 Kinetic applications 244
312 Manufacture and employment of marked compounds 249
14 Table of contents
3121 Labelled molecules 249
3122 Luminescent paints 249
313 The manufacture of sealed sources 249
3131 Sources intended for use in medical instruments 249
3132 Sources designed for use in industrial instruments 252
3 2 Radio-exposure connected with the utilization of radio-elements in
sealed sources, or in machines for generating ionizing radiations 254
321 Industrial radiography 254
322 Employment of radio-element gauges 254
323 Applications of the ionization of gases 255
3231 Elimination of static electricity 255
3232 Smoke detectors 255
3233 Stabilization of the electric discharges in gases 255
3234 Analysis of gases by ionization 255
324 Analytical methods based on the X-ray fluorescence of atoms 255
325 Industrial irradiation 256
3251 Installations 256
3252 Applications 257
3 3 Domestic radio-exposure 260
4 Human radio-exposure risks connected with the industrial use of ionizing
radiation 260
4 1 Normal activities of establishments using radio-elements 260
4 2 The transport of radioactive materials to establishments which use them 261
4 3 The management of radioactive wastes 261
431 Non-degradable solid wastes 262
432 Degradable solid wastes 263
433 Liquid wastes 263
434 Gaseous wastes 264
435 Obligatory preparation of wastes for the intention of their
being taken in charge 262
4351 Nature of the wastes 264
4352 Characteristics of packagings 264
4353 Total admissible maximum absorbed dose rate 264
4354 Weight of barrels 265
436 Modes of removal 265
437 Elimination of radioactive wastes 265
5 Radioexposure norms applicable to members of the public 265
Bibliography 265
10 Radio-exposure due to experimental nuclear explosions
1 General remarks 267
2 Modes of production of nuclear explosions 267
2 1 Nuclear explosion via fission reactions 267
211 Definition 267
212 Realization of a nuclear explosion by fission 270
213 The particles liberated by fission 271
2 2 Nuclear explosion by fusion reaction 272
Table of contents 15
221 Definition 272
222 The principal thermonuclear reactions 272
223 Creation of nuclear explosion through fusion 274
3 Effects of nuclear explosions 275
3 1 Initial energy transfer and the formation of the fireball 275
3 2 Nature of the effects 275
4 Nuclear radiation 276
4 1 Initial radiation 276
411 Gamma radiation 276
4111 Origins 276
4112 Instantaneous radiation 277
4113 Deferred radiation 277
4114 Variation of the exposure as a function of power
and distance 277
412 The neutrons 277
4121 Origins 277
4122 Neutrons spectra 277
4123 Variation of the neutron fluence as a function of power
and distance 278
413 Effects of initial radiation on the human organism 278
414 Protection 278
4 2 Residual radiation 278
421 Origins and characteristics 278
422 Variation of the absorbed dose rate due to fall-out as a
function of time 279
423 The immediate fall-out 279
4231 Its nature 279
4232 External radio-exposure 279
4233 Internal radio-exposure 279
424 The deferred fall-out 280
4241 Its nature 281
4242 Effects 281
4243 Inventory of the principal radio-elements produced
by nuclear explosions 281
4244 Prevention and protection 284
4 3 Magnitude of the risk associated with radio-exposure due to
atmospheric nuclear explosions 284
Bibliography 285
11 Radiation protection
1 General remarks , 287
2 Principles of regulation - 289
3 Base forms 290
3 1 Classification of exposed persons 290
3 2 Numerical values of the norms 291
321 Values of the norms applicable to exposed workers 291
322 Values of norms applicable to the general public 292
16 Table of contents
323 Exceeding the norms ; 292
3 3 The spirit in which these norms are applied 292
3 4 Modalities of application of the norms 292
341 Administrative measures 292
342 Technical measures 293
3421 Delimitation of controlled zones; of zones under
surveillance 293
3422 Controls on sources and their protective devices 293
3423 Environmental controls 293
3424 Radio-exposure controls 293
343 Medical measures 294
3431 Medical control 294
3432 Nature of the examinations 294
3433 The medical dossier 295
3434 Medico-professional decisions 295
4 External radio-exposure 295
4 1 Determination of the dose equivalent : 296
411 Individual detectors 296
412 Environmental detectors 297
4 2 Means of protection 297
421 Limiting the parameters associated with the source 298
422 Limitations on the source-manipulator distance 298
423 The use of shields
4231 Shields against P~-rays 299
4232 Shields against X-and Y-rays 299
4233 Shields against neutrons 302
424 Limiting the exposure time 303
5 Dispersion of radioactivity 303
5 1 Radioactive dispersion on surfaces 303
5 2 Dispersion of radioactivity on clothing 303
5 3 Dispersion of radioactivity on the skin 304
6 Internal radio-exposure 304
6 1 Penetration routes of the radio-elements into the organism 304
611 Respiratory route 304
612 Digestive route : 305
613 Direct channel through wounds 306
614 Transcutaneous route 306
6 2 The destiny of radio-elements which penetrate the organism 306
621 Transferable elements 307
622 Non-transferable elements 307
6 3 The different modalities of internal radio-exposure 307
631 Chronic internal radio-exposure 308
6311 Daily intake 308
6312 Accumulation of the radio-element in the organism
or in the critical organ 309
6313 Calculation of the delivered dose equivalent by a
given radio-element to a given organ 310
Table of contents 17
6314 Committed dose equivalent 311
6315 Annual limit of incorporation via ingestion or
inhalation 311
6316 Derived limit of the concentration of a
radionuclide in air (DLCA) 313
632 Acute internal radio-exposure 313
6 4 Detection and measurement of internal radio-exposure 314
6 5 Prevention of internal radio-exposure : 315
651 The choice of radio-elements and working methods 315
652 Arrangement and equipment of locales 315
6521 Classification of work sites 315
6522 Design of the controlled zone 316
6523 Ventilation 316
6524 Radiation protection equipment : 316
6525 Instruments for surface contamination monitoring 317
653 Respect for safety instructions 317
7 Material decontamination 318
8 Dealing with radio-exposure accidents and/or incidents 318
9 Evaluation of occupational exposure 318
9 1 During the nuclear fuel cycle 318
9 2 In medicine 319
9 3 Other applications 319
Bibliography 320
12 Accidents and incidents with external and/or internal radio-exposure
1 General remarks 322
2 Accidents with far-reaching effects 323
2 1 Retrospective studies 323
2 2 Prospective studies 324
221 Circumstances of an accident 324
222 Chronology of an accident 326
223 Radiobiological consequences of an accident to a local
population 327
224 Assessment of exposure to the population 327
2241 Predictive assessment 328
2242 Assessment on the basis of the data measurement 328
225 Protective measures 328
226 Intervention 330
2261 Levels for intervention 331
2262 The means of intervention 331
2263 Preparatory arrangements 332
3 Accidents of limited range 333
3 1 Retrospective studies 333
3 2 Medical intervention 334
321 Steps to be taken in the case of external radio-exposure 334
322 Steps to be taken in the case of skin contamination 334
3221 Preliminary decontamination 334
3222 Detailed decontamination 335
18 Table of contents
323 Procedures in cases of internal radio-exposure 335
3231 Treatment at the scene of the accident 335
3232 In a specialized radiopathology department 335
324 Procedures in the case of an internal and/or external
radio-exposure with associated medical or surgical emergency 337
3241 Serious emergencies 337
3242 Light injuries 339
4 Procedure in case of an incident 339
4 1 Incident with real or supposed external radio-exposure 339
4 2 Incident with dispersion of radioactivity on the body surface 339
4 3 Incident involving real or supposed internal radio-exposure 340
4 4 Incident with internal and/or external radio-exposure and
associated light injuries 340
4 5 Material incidents affecting neither workers nor the public 340
Bibliography • 340
Appendix 1 — Quantities, symbols, and units 343
Appendix 2 — Classification of radioelements according to their radiotoxicity 346
Index 348
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Granier, Robert Gambini, Denis-Jean |
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| discipline | Biologie Medizin |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV007683120 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:07:33Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0130399914 |
| language | English French |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-005041048 |
| oclc_num | 21196439 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| owner_facet | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | 355 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1990 |
| publishDateSearch | 1990 |
| publishDateSort | 1990 |
| publisher | Ellis Horwood |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Ellis Horwood series in physics and its applications |
| spelling | Granier, Robert Verfasser aut Applied radiation biology and protection Robert Granier ; Denis-Jean Gambini New York u.a. Ellis Horwood 1990 355 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Ellis Horwood series in physics and its applications EST: Radiobiologie et radioprotection appliquées <engl.> Ionizing radiation Safety measures Radiation Effects Radiation Protection Radiation, Ionizing Radiobiology Strahlenbiologie (DE-588)4057819-7 gnd rswk-swf Strahlenbiologie (DE-588)4057819-7 s DE-604 Gambini, Denis-Jean Verfasser aut HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005041048&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Granier, Robert Gambini, Denis-Jean Applied radiation biology and protection Ionizing radiation Safety measures Radiation Effects Radiation Protection Radiation, Ionizing Radiobiology Strahlenbiologie (DE-588)4057819-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4057819-7 |
| title | Applied radiation biology and protection |
| title_auth | Applied radiation biology and protection |
| title_exact_search | Applied radiation biology and protection |
| title_full | Applied radiation biology and protection Robert Granier ; Denis-Jean Gambini |
| title_fullStr | Applied radiation biology and protection Robert Granier ; Denis-Jean Gambini |
| title_full_unstemmed | Applied radiation biology and protection Robert Granier ; Denis-Jean Gambini |
| title_short | Applied radiation biology and protection |
| title_sort | applied radiation biology and protection |
| topic | Ionizing radiation Safety measures Radiation Effects Radiation Protection Radiation, Ionizing Radiobiology Strahlenbiologie (DE-588)4057819-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Ionizing radiation Safety measures Radiation Effects Radiation Protection Radiation, Ionizing Radiobiology Strahlenbiologie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005041048&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT granierrobert appliedradiationbiologyandprotection AT gambinidenisjean appliedradiationbiologyandprotection |