Surveys of economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment: an ILO manual on concepts and methods
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Undetermined |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Geneva
International Labour Office
1990
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ., 2. impr. |
| Schriftenreihe: | ILO statistical publications / manuals
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVI, 409 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9221065162 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804121739433607168 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface V
Dedication XVII
1. Introduction 1
1. Purpose of the manual 1
2. Purposes of statistics on the economically active population 2
Macro economic monitoring 2
Human resources development 2
Employment policies 2
Incomes support and social programmes 3
Other uses 3
3. Data collection programme 3
Current and long term needs 3
Relation to other economic and social statistics 4
4. Rationale for emphasis on household surveys 4
Sources of statistics on the economically active population 4
The special role of household surveys 5
5. Scope and contents of the manual 6
References 7
Part one: Concepts
2. The economically active population 11
1. Introduction 11
2. Scope of the population 11
Age limits 12
Particular population groups 13
3. Scope of economic activity 14
Economic activity and the SNA production boundary 14
Market production 16
Non market production 16
Examples of particular activities 20
Treatment of illegal activities 22
Non economic activities 22
Revision of the SNA production boundary 23
IX
Surveys of economically active population
4. Measurement issues 25
National practices 25
Cognitive aspects 26
Conclusions 31
Appendix: Interviewer instructions on the concept of economic activity: examples
from four national labour force surveys 31
References 33
3. The currently active population (the labour force) 35
1. Introduction 35
2. The labour force framework 36
Basic categories and identities 36
Activity principle 38
Priority rules 38
Reference period 40
3. Persons not in the labour force 43
Categorisation by reason for inactivity 43
Order of the categories 43
4. Applicability of the framework 44
Situations in which the framework applies best 44
Borderline between categories 44
Heterogeneity within categories 45
References 46
4. The usually active population 47
1. Introduction 47
2. Long reference period 48
Length of the reference period 48
Fixed or moving reference period 49
3. Main activity status 50
Economically active at some time during the year 50
Usually active during the year 51
Minimum duration of economic activity 54
Subclassification into employed or unemployed 56
Not usually active during the year 57
Measurement of underemployment during the year 58
Cross classification with current activity status 59
4. Retrospective measurement 59
Direct assessment 60
Whole year recall 60
Month by month recall 61
Employer specific approach 63
Conclusions 66
References 67
5. Employment and hours of work 69
1. Introduction 69
2. Measurement of employment 70
Concept and definition 70
The one hour criterion 71
Temporary absence from work 72
Questionnaire design 75
X
Contents
3. Treatment of particular groups 78
Unpaid family workers 78
Persons engaged in non market production 79
Apprentices and trainees 80
Working students and employees on study leave 82
Members of the armed forces 82
4. Measurement of hours of work 83
Measurement objectives 83
Actual hours worked 84
Usual hours of work 84
Full time, part time and other working patterns 85
Measurement issues 88
Questionnaire design 89
References 92
6. Measurement of unemployment 95
1. Introduction 95
2. The standard definition 97
Definition 97
The seeking work criterion 98
The availability criterion 100
Time references 101
Future starts 102
Lay offs 103
Other particular groups 104
3. Relaxation of the standard definition 105
Relaxation of the seeking work criterion 105
Partial versus complete relaxation 106
Availability under the relaxation provision 106
Discouraged workers 107
Seasonal workers 108
Persons marginally attached to the labour force 109
4. Measurement 109
Seeking work 110
Current availability for work Ill
Reasons for not seeking work 112
Questionnaire design 113
Classification scheme 116
• References 119
7. Underemployment 121
1. Introduction 121
2. Persons visibly underemployed 122
Definition 122
Working less than normal duration 123
Involuntary nature 127
Seeking or available for additional work 128
Questionnaire design 129
3. Quantum of visible underemployment 137
Concepts 137
Duration of work sought 137
Labour time disposition 139
XI
Surveys of economically active population
4. Invisible underemployment 143
Concepts 143
Measurement problems 143
References 145
8. Measurement of employment and income relationships 147
1. Introduction 147
2. Income generating capacity of activities 148
Measurement issues 148
Unit of analysis 148
Reference periods 149
Volume of employment 149
Income from employment 149
Relating volume of employment and income from employment .... 151
Data collection 152
3. Employment and economic well being 153
Measurement issues 153
Unit of analysis 153
Reference period 153
Employment status 154
Economic status 155
Relating employment status and economic status 156
Amount and sources of income 158
Data collection 159
References 160
9. Major economic classifications 161
1. Introduction 161
2. Branch of economic activity (industry) 162
Basic concepts 162
Establishment as the statistical unit 163
ISIC 88 and its structure 164
Questionnaire design 164
3. Occupation 165
Basic concepts 165
ISCO 88 and its structure 166
Questionnaire design 167
4. Status in employment 168
Basic concepts 168
ICSE and its structure 169
Questionnaire design 172
5. Coding of industry and occupation 173
The coding operation 173
Coding errors 176
Control of coding errors 178
References 178
Part two: Methods
10. Survey planning, design and redesign 181
1. Introduction 181
XII
Contents
2. Sources of data on the economically active population 182
Household sample surveys 182
Population censuses 182
Censuses and sample surveys of establishments 183
Administrative sources 185
3. Survey structure and arrangements 185
Continuing versus occasional surveys 186
Reference period 189
Linkages with other surveys 190
Common characteristics of surveys on the economically active population 194
4. Basic issues in survey planning and design 195
Choice of survey structure and scale 195
Planning and organisation of survey activity 197
Technical design 198
5. Survey redesign 199
Objectives of redesign 199
Strategies for redesign 200
References 202
11. Sample design 205
1. Introduction 205
2. Specification of the study population 205
Population content 206
Population extent 208
3. Sampling frames and the use of master samples 209
Primary sampling frame 210
Secondary sampling frames 214
Use of a master sample 217
4. Some practical aspects of sample design 218
5. Sampling over time 224
Sampling for one time or occasional surveys 224
Additional considerations in sampling for continuing surveys 228
6. Estimation procedures 234
Simple unbiased estimates 234
Use of external weights 237
Composite estimates with overlapping samples 239
Some special issues 240
7. Sample redesign 242
References 244
12. Questionnaire development and design 247
1. Introduction 247
Importance of the questionnaire development task 247
Organisational prerequisites 248
Scope of the chapter 249
2. Specification of survey content and outputs 250
Basic considerations 250
Specification of survey variables and questionnaire flow charts 251
Translation of survey variables into survey questions 254
XIII
Surveys of economically active population
3. Some illustrations from national labour force surveys 255
Current activity and employment 256
Unemployment 264
Underemployment 265
Usual activity 267
4. Principles and techniques of questionnaire design 268
Structuring the interview 268
Provisions for checking consistency and procedures 269
Interviewers instructions 269
Question wording and translation 270
Structuring response categories 272
Division of the questionnaire into sections 276
Questions ordering and skip instructions 276
5. Questionnaire implementation 277
Drafting and testing 277
Layout and printing 279
References 280
13. Survey operations and data processing 283
1. Introduction 283
2. Staff recruitment and training 284
Survey organisation and personnel 284
Training 286
3. Testing of survey instruments and procedures 287
4. Sampling frame and sample selection 288
Frame updating 288
Sample selection and documentation 289
5. Data collection 289
Timing constraints 289
Organisation, supervision and control 290
Deployment of field staff 290
6. Data preparation and processing 291
The data processing task 291
Coding 292
Data entry and editing 294
7. Tabulation, reporting and dissemination 298
Reporting strategy 298
Tabulation 299
Data archiving and dissemination 299
Illustrative list of core variables and tables from a labour force survey . 300
References 302
14. Data accuracy and evaluation 305
1. Framework for evaluation 305
Types of errors 305
Methods of assessment 308
General strategy for data evaluation 309
Useful references 312
2. Coverage and related errors 313
Description of coverage errors 313
Sample selection and implementation errors 314
XIV
Contents
Effect of coverage and related errors 315
Assessment 315
3. Non response 317
Sources 318
Impact 318
Measurement: Computing non response rates 319
Some examples of non response rates in labour force surveys 321
Related measures 322
4. Sampling error 323
Significance of sampling errors 323
Estimation 324
Patterns of variation 324
Portability 325
An example 327
5. Response errors 327
The nature and sources of response errors 327
Response bias 329
Response variance 332
6. Processing errors 334
Assessment of coding errors 334
Data capture 336
References 336
Appendices
ICLS Resolutions concerning:
1. Statistics of the economically active population, employment, unemployment and
underemployment (1982) 341
2. Measurement and analysis of underemployment and underutilisation of manpower
(1966) (Extract) 349
3. Statistics of hours of work (1962) (Extract) 351
4. An integrated system of wages statistics (1973) (Extract) 353
Extracts from national labour force survey questionnaires:
5. Canada 356
6. United States 358
7. Ireland 362
8. Costa Rica 367
9. Ecuador 369
10. Rwanda 371
11. Zimbabwe 381
12. Pakistan 383
13. Sri Lanka 389
Index 397
Tables
1. Examples of non market activities covered by the present SNA concept of production
of goods and services 18
2. Comparison of weekly and daily labour force participation and unemployment rates
by sex and residence (India 1977 78) 42
3. Examples of situations or persons falling on the borderlines of labour force categories 45
4. The determination of the main activity status during the year: three illustrations based
on the majority criterion 53
XV
Surveys of economically active population
5. Minimum number of weeks of economic activity for classification as usually active
as function of two parameters 55
6. Classification scheme for the usual activity framework 57
7. Unpaid family workers working few hours per week as percentage of all unpaid family
workers 79
8. Persons actively seeking work but not currently available for work as percentage of
all active jobseekers 100
9. Unemployed persons available for work but not seeking work as percentage of all
unemployed persons 106
10. Labour time disposition balance sheet (Q27) 139
11. Example of a labour time disposition balance sheet 140
12. Composition of the labour force by number of days of employment and days available
for employment, India, 1977 78 141
13. Income generating capacity of different economic activities 151
14. Persons economically active at some time during the reference year by employment
status and economic status 157
15. Average family/household income of persons economically active at some time during
the reference year by income sources and economic status 159
16. ISIC 88 categories and subcategories 164
17. ISCO 88 major groups, number of subgroups and skill level 166
18. Error rates in occupation and industry coding 176
19. Error distribution of occupation coding at different digit levels 177
20. Types of error in sample survey data 307
21. Relative standard error as a function of size of estimate 327
22. Computation of the index of inconsistency from a reinterview survey 333
Figures
1. The scope of economic activity in terms of the present SNA concept of production
of goods and services 17
2. Labour force framework (ICLS 1982) 37
3. Labour force classification scheme, basic elements 39
4. Framework for measurement of the usually active population 52
5. Survey reference period versus job search and availability periods .102
6. Classification into labour force categories (under the standard definition of
unemployment) 117
7. Classification into labour force categories (under a relaxed definition of
unemployment) 118
8. Classification as visibly underemployed (short question sequence) 131
9. Classification as visibly underemployed (longer question sequence) 135
10. Examples of specification of response categories 274
Questionnaire flow charts
1. Activity list, ILO survey in Costa Rica 29
2. Activity list, ILO survey in Kerala 30
3. Labour Market Activity Survey (Statistics Canada) 65
4. Questionnaire flowchart: Part 1, Employment 76
5. Questionnaire flow chart: Part 2, Hours of work 90
6. Questionnaire flow chart: Part 3, Unemployment 115
7. Questionnaire flow chart: Part 4, Visibly underemployed (short question sequence) 130
8. Questionnaire flow chart: Part 4, Visibly underemployed (longer question sequence) 134
9. Questionnaire flow chart: Employment, unemployment, visible underemployment
and major economic characteristics (current activity framework) 253
10. 13. National labour force survey questionnaires: Examples 1 4 257
XVI
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| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Hussmanns, Ralf Mehran, Farhad Verma, Vijay 1935- |
| author_facet | Hussmanns, Ralf Mehran, Farhad Verma, Vijay 1935- |
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| edition | 1. publ., 2. impr. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV007464139 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:02:46Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9221065162 |
| language | Undetermined |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-004845039 |
| oclc_num | 260171910 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-N2 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-N2 |
| physical | XVI, 409 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1990 |
| publishDateSearch | 1990 |
| publishDateSort | 1990 |
| publisher | International Labour Office |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | ILO statistical publications / manuals |
| spelling | Hussmanns, Ralf Verfasser aut Surveys of economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment an ILO manual on concepts and methods Ralf Hussmanns, Farhad Mehran and Vijay Verma 1. publ., 2. impr. Geneva International Labour Office 1990 XVI, 409 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier ILO statistical publications / manuals Unterbeschäftigung (DE-588)4061884-5 gnd rswk-swf Wirtschaftsstatistik (DE-588)4066517-3 gnd rswk-swf Erwerbstätigkeitsstatistik (DE-588)4015446-4 gnd rswk-swf Arbeitslosigkeit (DE-588)4002730-2 gnd rswk-swf Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd rswk-swf Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 gnd rswk-swf Arbeitsmarkt (DE-588)4002733-8 gnd rswk-swf Beschäftigung (DE-588)4005979-0 gnd rswk-swf Erhebungsverfahren (DE-588)4246599-0 gnd rswk-swf Methodologie (DE-588)4139716-2 gnd rswk-swf Erwerbstätigkeitsstatistik (DE-588)4015446-4 s Wirtschaftsstatistik (DE-588)4066517-3 s Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 s DE-604 Beschäftigung (DE-588)4005979-0 s Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 s Arbeitslosigkeit (DE-588)4002730-2 s Unterbeschäftigung (DE-588)4061884-5 s Arbeitsmarkt (DE-588)4002733-8 s Erhebungsverfahren (DE-588)4246599-0 s Methodologie (DE-588)4139716-2 s 1\p DE-604 Mehran, Farhad Verfasser aut Verma, Vijay 1935- Verfasser aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=004845039&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Hussmanns, Ralf Mehran, Farhad Verma, Vijay 1935- Surveys of economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment an ILO manual on concepts and methods Unterbeschäftigung (DE-588)4061884-5 gnd Wirtschaftsstatistik (DE-588)4066517-3 gnd Erwerbstätigkeitsstatistik (DE-588)4015446-4 gnd Arbeitslosigkeit (DE-588)4002730-2 gnd Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 gnd Arbeitsmarkt (DE-588)4002733-8 gnd Beschäftigung (DE-588)4005979-0 gnd Erhebungsverfahren (DE-588)4246599-0 gnd Methodologie (DE-588)4139716-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4061884-5 (DE-588)4066517-3 (DE-588)4015446-4 (DE-588)4002730-2 (DE-588)4056995-0 (DE-588)4038971-6 (DE-588)4002733-8 (DE-588)4005979-0 (DE-588)4246599-0 (DE-588)4139716-2 |
| title | Surveys of economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment an ILO manual on concepts and methods |
| title_auth | Surveys of economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment an ILO manual on concepts and methods |
| title_exact_search | Surveys of economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment an ILO manual on concepts and methods |
| title_full | Surveys of economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment an ILO manual on concepts and methods Ralf Hussmanns, Farhad Mehran and Vijay Verma |
| title_fullStr | Surveys of economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment an ILO manual on concepts and methods Ralf Hussmanns, Farhad Mehran and Vijay Verma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Surveys of economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment an ILO manual on concepts and methods Ralf Hussmanns, Farhad Mehran and Vijay Verma |
| title_short | Surveys of economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment |
| title_sort | surveys of economically active population employment unemployment and underemployment an ilo manual on concepts and methods |
| title_sub | an ILO manual on concepts and methods |
| topic | Unterbeschäftigung (DE-588)4061884-5 gnd Wirtschaftsstatistik (DE-588)4066517-3 gnd Erwerbstätigkeitsstatistik (DE-588)4015446-4 gnd Arbeitslosigkeit (DE-588)4002730-2 gnd Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 gnd Arbeitsmarkt (DE-588)4002733-8 gnd Beschäftigung (DE-588)4005979-0 gnd Erhebungsverfahren (DE-588)4246599-0 gnd Methodologie (DE-588)4139716-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Unterbeschäftigung Wirtschaftsstatistik Erwerbstätigkeitsstatistik Arbeitslosigkeit Statistik Methode Arbeitsmarkt Beschäftigung Erhebungsverfahren Methodologie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=004845039&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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