Essentials of modern physics applied to the study of the infrared:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Braunschweig
Pergamon Pr.
1967
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. ed. |
| Schriftenreihe: | International series of monographs in infrared science and technology.
2 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVI,728 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Hadni, Armand |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Essentials of modern physics applied to the study of the infrared |
| 250 | |a 1. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Braunschweig |b Pergamon Pr. |c 1967 | |
| 300 | |a XVI,728 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a International series of monographs in infrared science and technology. |v 2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Rayonnement infrarouge | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Infrared radiation | |
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| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 830 | 0 | |a International series of monographs in infrared science and technology. |v 2 |w (DE-604)BV006652891 |9 2 | |
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| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-004603244 | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1811101448809742336 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
Contents
Foreword
Preface ţ
í
Acknowledgements
і
xvi
Introduction. The Rise and Increasing Complexity of Infrared |
-—-·
Research
І
1
I. The Discovery of the Infrared |
1
II. The Fundamental Research
і
2
III. Rapid Progress after the War
3
НІЛ.
Industrial Production of Spectrometers
3
111.2. Spectra Atlases
4
111.3. A New Optics
4
111.4. The Semiconductors
4
IV. The Immediate Future
5
IV.
1.
Lasers and Electronic Transitions in the Infrared
5
IV.2. Interaction between Infrared and Waves of Thermal Motion
in Solids
6
IV.3. Application to Modern Chemistry, Television and
Cybernetics
7
Chapter
1.
Elements of Instrumental Optics in the Infrared
9
I. Energy Quantities Relative to Radiations
9
1.1. Energy Flux radiated from a Source
9
1.2.
Intensity of a Point Source towards One Direction
10
1.3.
Luminance
10
1.4.
The Spread of a Beam
11
1.5.
Emittance of a Source
12
1.6.
Illumination of a Screen
14
1.7.
Flux transported per Unit of Wavelength, Specific Luminance,
Emittance, Intensity and Illumination
16
II. Radiation Dispersion TECHNICAL 6LIBRARY
11.1.
General Points BUILDING
45
ÏÎ.2.
True Monochromators (prism monochromators)
21
II.3.
Pseudo
Monochromators: Perot-Fabry
Etalons
and Gratiags.,,
л
¿^IOCS
vi
CONTENTS
III. The Problem
of Eliminating Stray Light
64
111.1.
Filters by Reflection
67
111.2. Filters by Transmission
90
Ш.З.
Filters based on Selective Modulation
105
IV. Multiplex Spectrometry
107
IV.
1.
Spectrometer and Spectrograph, Multiplex Spectrometry
107
IV.2.
Interferometrie
Amplitude Modulator
108
IV.3. Michelson's Interferometer, Modulation of Amplitude and
Fourier's Analysis
112
IV.4. Spectrometers with Grids or Multiple Slits
121
V. Conclusion
125
Bibliography
128
Chapter
2.
Sources of Infrared
134
I. Introduction
134
II. Thermal Emission
134
II.l. Classical Theory of the Black Body, Continuous Emission
134
П.2.
Quantum Theory of the Black Body
137
11.3. Thermal Emission: Continuous or Selective Emission
148
11.4. Discharges in Gases, Black Body Emission of Plasma
156
III. Mechanism of the Emission: Atomic or Molecular, Spontaneous or
Stimulated
170
III.
1.
Einstein's Coefficients, Spontaneous and Stimulated Emission,
Absorption
170
Ш.2.
Spontaneous Emission of Cold Sources in the Infrared
179
III.3. Stimulated Emission of Cold Sources in the Infrared: Lasers
186
IV. Emission of Waves by Electric Circuits
206
IV.l. Hertz's Experiments
(1877) 207
IV.2. Field radiated by an Oscillating
Dipole
210
IV.3. High Frequency Sinusoidal Oscillations of
a Triode
216
IV.4. Velocity Modulation Tubes
220
IV.5. Harmonics Generation
224
IV.6. The Cerenkov and the Smith-Purcell Effects
227
IV.
7.
Cyclotronic Generator and Tunnel Diodes
231
V. Conclusion
232
Bibliography
233
CONTENTS
VU
Chapter
3.
Infrared Detectors
247
I. Introduction
247
II. Thermal Detectors
251
11.1. General Description, Temperature Rise of the Target
251
11.2. Specific Volume
267
11.3. Electric Resistance
283
11.4. Thermoelectricity
294
П.5.
Pyroelectricity
300
II.
6.
Photoemissivity of Electrons
334
П.7.
Absorption of a Semiconductor in the Zone where it becomes
Transparent
336
11.8. Thermosensitive Fluorescence
337
11.9. Thermochroism
337
11.10.
Evaporography
338
III. Quantum Detectors
339
111.1. Quantum Detectors using the Electronic Levels of a Semi¬
conductor
339
111.2. Electronic Levels of an Ion, or of a Pair of Ions
357
IV. Crystal Detectors
362
V. Amplifiers, Noise Spectrum
363
VI. Conclusion
366
Bibliography
367
Chapter
4.
Propagation of Infrared in Empty Space and in Matter
—
Maxwell's Equations, Lorentz's Theory
375
I. Introduction
375
II. The Equation of Propagation of an Electromagnetic Wave, the Search
for a Plane Solution
376
ILL General Relationships between
E, B, H, D
376
П.2.
Equations of Propagation for
E
and
H
377
11.3. Finding a Solution when the Medium propagates a Plane Wave
379
11.4. Interpretation of the Complex Index
382
III. Applications
385
III.
1.
Transversality of the Plane Wave
386
III.2. Characteristic Impedance of the Medium
390
Viii CONTENTS
IV.
Calculatíon
of the Dielectric Constant from the Atomic Structure,
Dispersion of the Index of Refraction and the Absorption Coeffi¬
cient, Lorentz's Theory
393
IV.
1.
Electronic and Ionic Polarizability at a First Approximation
394
IV.2. Contribution of Free Carriers: Plasma
435
IV.3. Contribution of Polar Molecules in Free Rotation, Dispersion
of Polar Gases in the Infrared
' 453
IV.4. Polarizability of Orientation
455
IV.5. Local Field of
Lorentz
479
V. Conclusion
489
V.l.
Variation of the Polarizability in Terms of the Frequency
489
V.2. Variation of
η
and
k
in Terms of the Frequency for a Medium
containing only Electronic, Ionic, or Vibrational Oscillators
490
Bibliography
490
Chapter
5.
Waves of Thermal Agitation in a Solid, Interactions
WITH THE IlteRARED
500
I. Introduction
500
II. Einstein's Theory and Debye's Theory on the Vibrations of a Solid
501
11.1. Quantification of the Elastic Vibrations of a Solid (Einstein
1907) 501
11.2. Einstein's Theory
502
Π.3.
Debye's Theory
505
III. Exact Solution for the Problem of the Natural Vibrations of a Solid
517
Ш.1.
Linear Chain of Diatomic Molecules
517
III.2. Three-dimensional Lattice
532
IV. Interactions between Electromagnetic Waves and Thermal Waves of
Agitation in a Perfect Crystal
537
IV.
1.
Electromagnetic Character of Certain Waves of Thermal Agitation
in a Polar Crystal
538
IV.2. First Order Effects in the Interaction of the Electromagnetic Infra¬
red Waves with the Thermal Agitation Waves of a Crystal
IV.3. Second Order Effects in the Interaction of Electromagnetic Infra-
541
red Waves with the Thermal Agitation Waves of a Crystal
542
IV.4. Interactions with the Visible Electromagnetic Waves
:
the Scattering
of Photons by Phonons
549
V. Crystal Defects, Localized Vibrations and One-phonon Transitions
556
V.l.
General Theory for
Homopolar
Compounds
556
V.2. Case of Silicon
559
V.3. Case of Diamond
560
CONTENTS
IX
V.
4.
Case of Germanium
562
V.5. Case of Ionic Crystals
562
V.6. Case of Glasses
574
V.7.
A-centres
and U-centres
574
V.8. Mixed Crystals
576
V.9. Conclusion
577
VI. Monograph of the Principal Crystals concerning their Transmission
and Reflection in the Infrared
578
VI.
1.
Historical Interest of the
Problem 578
VI.2. Calculation of the Apparent Transmission and Reflection of a
Plate with Plane Parallel Faces
' 585
VI.3. Cubic
Homopolar
Compounds: Ge, Si,
С
596
VI.4. Alkali Halides
599
VI.5. Other Cubic Crystals with the NaCl Structure
603
VI.6. Other Cubic Crystals with the CsCl Structure
608
VI.7. Alkaline Earth Halides
(Fluorite
Structure)
609
VI.8. Other Crystals with the
Fluorite
Structure
609
VI.9.
Antifluorite
Structure
609
VI.10. Blende Structure
609
VI.
11.
Wurtzite Structure
618
VI.12. Cuprite Structure
618
VI.13. Corundum Structure
618
VI.14. Silica Structure
621
VI.15.
Rutile
Structure
621
VI.16. Other Structures
624
VII.
Conclusion
624
Bibliography
626
Chapter
6.
A New Field of Research—The Far Inerared
634
I. Introduction
634
П.
Instrumentation in the Far Infrared
635
П.1.
Spectrometry and Fourier Transpose Spectroscopy
636
Ц.2.
Far Infrared Monochromators
638
П.З.
Special Devices for the Far Infrared
643
П.4.
Far Infrared Instruments Commercially Available
657
Ш.
Internal Molecular Vibrations of Low Frequency
658
Ш.1
.
Valence Vibrations of Heavy Atoms
658
Ш.2.
Angular Vibrations
659
Ш.З.
Distortion Vibrations of Certain Rings
660
Ш.4.
Internal Libratioas
660
la
ЕЮ?
X
CONTENTS
IV. Pure Rotations
662
IV.
1.
Light Molecules
662
IV.2. Heavy Molecules
670
IV.3. Interactions between Pure Rotations and Librations
672
IV.4. Case of Liquids
673
V. External Vibrations of Molecules
673
V.l.
Molecular Crystals
673
V.2. Water of Crystallization
677
V.3. Adsorbed Water
677
V.4. Clathrates and Other Interstitial Crystals
677
V.5. Molecular Association, Hydrogen Bonds
· 678
VI. Electronic Transitions in the Far Infrared
679
VI.
1.
Rare Earth Ions
679
VI.2. Transition Elements
688
VI.3. Magnetic Resonances
692
VII.
Superconductivity in the Far Infrared
699
VILI.
Transmission of Thin Films
699
VII.2. Reflection on Bulk Surfaces
700
Vn.3. Conclusion
703
VIII.
Free Carriers Absorption
703
IX. Ferroelectricity
705
X. Other Types of Transitions in the Far Infrared
707
Х.1.
Emission of Gas Plasmas
707
X.2. Fundamental One-phonon Transitions in Crystals
707
X.3. One-phonon Transitions induced by Impurities, the Case of
Glasses
707
X.4. Two-phonon Transitions
:
Addition and Difference Bands
707
X.5. Transitions involving more than Two Phonons
707
X.6. Spin Resonance
707
X.7. Cyclotron Resonance
707
XL Conclusion
707
XI.
1.
Progress in Instrumentation
> 708
XI.2. Scientific Developments
709
Bibliography
709
Appendix
717
Index
719 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
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| indexdate | 2024-09-24T18:02:16Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | English |
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| series | International series of monographs in infrared science and technology. |
| series2 | International series of monographs in infrared science and technology. |
| spelling | Hadni, Armand Verfasser aut Essentials of modern physics applied to the study of the infrared 1. ed. Braunschweig Pergamon Pr. 1967 XVI,728 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier International series of monographs in infrared science and technology. 2 Rayonnement infrarouge Infrared radiation Infrarot (DE-588)4161686-8 gnd rswk-swf Infrarot (DE-588)4161686-8 s DE-604 International series of monographs in infrared science and technology. 2 (DE-604)BV006652891 2 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=004603244&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Hadni, Armand Essentials of modern physics applied to the study of the infrared International series of monographs in infrared science and technology. Rayonnement infrarouge Infrared radiation Infrarot (DE-588)4161686-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4161686-8 |
| title | Essentials of modern physics applied to the study of the infrared |
| title_auth | Essentials of modern physics applied to the study of the infrared |
| title_exact_search | Essentials of modern physics applied to the study of the infrared |
| title_full | Essentials of modern physics applied to the study of the infrared |
| title_fullStr | Essentials of modern physics applied to the study of the infrared |
| title_full_unstemmed | Essentials of modern physics applied to the study of the infrared |
| title_short | Essentials of modern physics applied to the study of the infrared |
| title_sort | essentials of modern physics applied to the study of the infrared |
| topic | Rayonnement infrarouge Infrared radiation Infrarot (DE-588)4161686-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Rayonnement infrarouge Infrared radiation Infrarot |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=004603244&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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