Natural grasslands: A Introduction and Western hemisphere
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Amsterdam u.a.
Elsevier
1992
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Ecosystems of the world
8A |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIII, 469 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0444882642 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Natural grasslands |n A |p Introduction and Western hemisphere |c ed. by Robert T. Coupland |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804121015575379968 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Bd. A. Natural grasslands. Introduction and western hemisphere
Autor:
Jahr: 1992
CONTENTS OF VOLUME 8A
PREFACE
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
VII
Under-ground productivity......
Other techniques for measuring production
References...........
8K
91
Section I. The Nature of Grassland
Chapter 1. APPROACH AND GENERALIZATIONS
by R.T. Coupland......... I
Characteristics of grassland.......... I
Organization of this volume......... 3
General comments............. 3
Problems of land use............ 4
References............... 6
Chapter 2. GRASSLAND CLIMATE
by E.A. Ripley.......... 7
Introduction............... 7
Genetic climatology of grasslands....... 10
Regional climatology of grasslands....... 16
Final remarks.............. 22
References............... 23
Chapter}. GRASSLAND SOILS
by D.F. Acton
Introduction..........
Formation of grassland soils . . . .
Key to the properties of grassland soils
Regional distribution of grassland soils .
References..........
Chapter 4. WATER FLOW
by E.A. Ripley .
Introduction.............
Continental water balance........
Analyzing grassland water flow......
Modelling grassland water flow......
Comparison of water flows in various grasslands
Final remarks............
References.............
Chapter?. PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY
by RE. Redmann.......
Introduction.............
Above-ground productivity........
25
25
39
41
52
55
55
57
62
63
66
71
71
75
75
77
Chapter 6. MICRO-ORGANISMS
by B. Ulehlova.......... 95
Introduction............... 95
Materials undergoing decomposition...... 96
Biomass of micro-organisms......... 103
Populations of micro-organisms........ 109
Role of micro-organisms in mineral cycling and energy
flow................. 115
References............... 115
Chapter 7. DECOMPOSITION AS A PROCESS IN
NATURAL GRASSLANDS
by J.F. Dormaar......... 121
Introduction............... 121
Functional root mass............
Soil plant material interface.........
Effect of root composition on root decomposition . 123
Decomposition of substrates......... 124
Energy flow............... 124
Hydrothermal regime............ 125
Abiotic processes............. 126
Dynamics of under-ground plant parts...... 127
Rate of turnover of under-ground plant parts ... 12X
Carbon dioxide evolution.......... 129
Effect of living roots on decomposition of dead roots 130
Relative activity of Bacteria and Fungi in
decomposition............. 131
Modelling ............... 131
Quo vadis?............... 132
References............... 133
Chapters. NUTRIENT CYCLING
by F.E. Clark and R.G. Woodmansee . . 137
Introduction............... 137
Open and closed nutrient cycles........ 137
Pathways of nutrient additions........ 138
Pathways of nutrient losses.......... 139
Pathways of nutrient cycling within grassland . . . 140
References............... 146
XI
Section II. Grasslands of North America
Chapter 9. OVERVIEW OF THE GRASSLANDS
OF NORTH AMERICA
by R.T. Coupland........
147
Contacts and inclusions........... 277
Boundaries and classification......... 281
Floristic relationships............ 283
Vegetation............... 284
Fauna................. 287
References............... 288
Chapter 10.
MIXED PRAIRIE
by R.T. Coupland
151
Chapter 14.
Introduction............... 151
Physical features, geology and soils....... 152
Climate................ 152
Vegetation............... 153
Plant biomass, productivity and turnover..... 163
Fauna................. 171
Micro-organisms............. 175
Energy and nutrient flows.......... 175
Land use and management.......... 176
References............... 179
Chapter 11. SHORT-GRASS STEPPE
by W.K.. Lauenroth and D.G.
Milchunas........... 183
Introduction............... 183
Climate................ 185
Geology and soils............. 189
Vegetation............... 190
Fauna................. 196
Micro-organisms............. 212
Role of heterotrophs............ 212
Management .............. 220
References............... 221
Chapter 12. TALL-GRASS PRAIRIE
by C.L. Kucera......... 227
Introduction............... 227
Quaternary history............ 228
Climatic variations ............ 229
Soil development............. 232
Vegetation and flora............. 235
Primary productivity............ 242
Faunal relationships............ 244
Decomposer community........... 255
Biomass and. turnover relationships....... 257
Management .............. 263
Acknowledgements............ 263
References............... 263
Chapter 13. COASTAL PRAIRIE
by F.E. Smeins, D.D. Diamond and
C.W. Hanselka.......
269
Introduction...............269
Physical environment............270
Historical perspective............274
FESCUE PRAIRIE
by R.T. Coupland .
291
Introduction............... 291
Vegetation............... 292
Animal-plant-soil interactions........ 294
References............... 295
Chapter 15. PALOUSE PRAIRIE
by R. Daubenmire........ 297
Introduction............... 297
Physical setting.............. 297
Zonal vegetation............. 299
Non-zonal vegetation............ 302
Fauna................. 309
History of origin............. 309
Similar grasslands in surrounding areas..... 310
References............... 311
Chapter 16. CALIFORNIA PRAIRIE
by H.F. Heady, J.W. Bartolome, M.D.
Pitt, G.D. Savelle and M.C. Stroud .
313
Introduction............... 313
Composition of the pristine grassland...... 313
Replacement of the pristine grassland...... 316
Present floristic composition of the grassland . . . . 318
Phenology............... 321
Mineral cycling and energy flow........ 322
Accumulation and decomposition of mulch .... 323
Seed populations............. 325
Effects of weather on the annual grassland .... 326
Managerial practices............ 329
Significance of mulch............ 331
References............... 332
Chapter 17. DESERT GRASSLAND
by E.M. Schmutz, E.L. Smith, P.R.
Ogden, ML. Cox, JO. Klemmedson, J.J.
Norris and L.C. Fierro ...... 337
Introduction............... 337
Physiography.............. 338
Climate................ 338
Geology and soils............. 339
Vegetation............... 339
Fauna................. 352
Micro-organisms............. 354
Parasitic, saprophytic and pathogenic relationships . . 355
History of land use............ 355
Management practices........... 356
Future trends.............. 358
References............... 358
Section III. Grasslands of South America
Chapter 18. OVERVIEW OF SOUTH AMERICAN
GRASSLANDS
by R.T. Coupland........ 363
Introduction............... 363
Tropical and subtropical grasslands....... 363
Temperate grasslands............ 364
Cold-temperate grasslands.......... 364
References............... 365
Setting..........
Vegetation........
Structure and function ....
Fauna ..........
Land use.........
References........
SYSTEMATIC LIST OF GENERA
369
380
387
395
398
402
409
AUTHOR INDEX............415
SYSTEMATIC INDEX ....
427
Chapter 19. RIO DE PLATA GRASSLANDS
by A. Soriano with sections by R.J.C.
Leon, O.E. Sala, R.S. Lavado, V.A.
Deregibus, M.A. Cauhepe O.A. Scaglia,
C.A. Velazquez and J.H. LemcoiT .
Introduction..............
367
367
GENERAL INDEX.....
445
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| isbn | 0444882642 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XIII, 469 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 1992 |
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| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Ecosystems of the world |
| series2 | Ecosystems of the world |
| spelling | Natural grasslands A Introduction and Western hemisphere ed. by Robert T. Coupland Amsterdam u.a. Elsevier 1992 XIII, 469 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Ecosystems of the world 8A Ecosystems of the world 8 Prairies ram Écologie des prairies ram Coupland, Robert T. Sonstige oth (DE-604)BV006815211 A Ecosystems of the world 8A (DE-604)BV000002640 8A HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=004318620&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Natural grasslands Ecosystems of the world Prairies ram Écologie des prairies ram |
| title | Natural grasslands |
| title_auth | Natural grasslands |
| title_exact_search | Natural grasslands |
| title_full | Natural grasslands A Introduction and Western hemisphere ed. by Robert T. Coupland |
| title_fullStr | Natural grasslands A Introduction and Western hemisphere ed. by Robert T. Coupland |
| title_full_unstemmed | Natural grasslands A Introduction and Western hemisphere ed. by Robert T. Coupland |
| title_short | Natural grasslands |
| title_sort | natural grasslands introduction and western hemisphere |
| topic | Prairies ram Écologie des prairies ram |
| topic_facet | Prairies Écologie des prairies |
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