Igneous and metamorphic rocks under the microscope: classification, textures and mineral preferred-orientations
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London [u.a.]
Chapman & Hall
1993
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturverz. S. 382 - 405 |
| Beschreibung: | XVI, 445 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0412442000 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Shelley, David |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Igneous and metamorphic rocks under the microscope |b classification, textures and mineral preferred-orientations |c David Shelley |
| 250 | |a 1. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a London [u.a.] |b Chapman & Hall |c 1993 | |
| 300 | |a XVI, 445 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Literaturverz. S. 382 - 405 | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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Contents
Preface
Part One: Classification, Terminology and Description 1
Introduction to the scope and organization of this book 3
I Igneous rocks - an introduction 4
1.1 Introduction 4
1.1.1 Two principal factors in classification 5
1.1.2 Recommendations of the IUGS subcommission 7
Pyroclastic rocks 9
Carbonatites 13
Lamprophyre, lamproite and kimberlite 16
Ultramafic mclilitic rocks 19
Charnockitic rocks 20
Plutonic rocks 24
1.7.1 The QAPF double triangle 24
1.7.2 Fields 2—5 (granitic rocks) 24
1.7.3 Fields 6-9 (alkali feldspar syenite, syenite, monzonite,
monzodiorite and monzogabbro) 30
1.7.4 Field 10 (dioritc, gabbro, anorthosite) 31
1.7.5 Fields 11-14 (foid syenite to foid gabbro or foid
diorite) 35
1.7.6 Field 15 (foidolites) 36
1.7.7 Ultramafic plutonic rocks 37
Volcanic rocks 39
1.8.1 Field classification, and classification for microscope
work with glassy and otherwise difficult specimens 42
1.8.2 The TAS chemical classification 44
1.8.3 The QAPF classification for volcanic rocks 45
viii Contents
1.8.4 Fields 2-5 (rhyolitic and dacitic rocks) 48
1.8.5 Fields 6-10 (trachytes, latites, andésites and basalts) 49
1.8.6 Fields 11-14 (phonolites, tephrites and basanitcs) 54
1.8.7 Field 15 (foidites) 55
1.8.8 Ultramafitites (M 90%) 56
2 Metamorphic rocks - an introduction 58
2.1 Introduction 58
2.1.1 The principal factors in metamorphism 58
2.1.2 The main categories of metamorphism 59
2.1.3 The boundaries of metamorphism 60
2.2 Describing and naming metamorphic rocks 61
2.3 Hydrothermally and/or incipiently metamorphosed rocks 63
2.3.1 Igneous rocks [meta-(igneous rock name) and special
cases: greenstone, spilitc, propylitc, epidioritc,
coronite] 64
2.3.2 Sedimentary rocks [meta-(sedimcntary rock name)] 67
2.4 Dynamically metamorphosed rocks [mylonitc, cataclasite,
phyllonite] 70
2.5 Well-crystallized or recrystallized rocks 77
2.5.1 Special cases (quartzite, marble, peridotitc, serpentinitc
and eclogite) 77
2.5.2 Rocks lacking obvious mineral preferred-orientations
(hornfelses, and some granulites and charnockitcs) 85
2.5.3 Rocks with obvious mineral preferred-orientation
(slate, schist, gneiss, greenschist, blueschist,
amphibolite, some granulites and charnockites, and
migmatitcs) 92
2.6 Metasomatic rocks 110
Part Two: Textures and Microscopic Structures 113
3 Crystals and crystallization 115
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Crystal nucleation, diffusion and growth
3.3 Twinning
3.3.1 Primary twins
3.3.2 Secondary twins
Contents ix
3.3.3 The occurrence of common feldspar and carbonate
twins 125
3.3.4 Twins invisible in thin section 126
3.4 Zoning 126
3.4.1 Concentric compositional zoning in igneous crystals 126
3.4.2 Concentric compositional zoning in metamorphic
minerals 132
3.4.3 Sector zoning 134
3.5 Intergrowths and textures where mineral grains are set within
each other 136
3.5.1 Products of coupled growth: eutectic/cotectic
crystallization 137
3.5.2 Products of coupled growth: symplcctites (including
myrmekite) 143
3.5.3 Products of unmixing 149
3.5.4 Products of overgrowth or replacement of a mineral
grain, including pscudomorphs 157
3.5.5 When one mineral grain encloses several other grains:
poikilitic and poikiloblastic textures 165
4 Igneous crystallization, textures and microstructures 170
4.1 Volcanic rocks 171
4.1.1 Crystal shape and size 171
4.1.2 Crystal-size distribution (CSD) curves 172
4.1.3 Basaltic crystallization 175
4.1.4 Rhyolitic crystallization 179
4.1.5 Quench histories and orders of crystallization 184
4.1.6 Phenocrysts in volcanic rocks 186
4.1.7 Volcanic structures in thin section 197
4.2 Plutonic rocks 211
4.2.1 The contrasting characteristics of plutonic and volcanic
rocks 211
4.2.2 Layered intrusives 213
4.2.3 Granitic textures 226
4.2.4 Primary and secondary granitic structures 233
4.2.5 Mixed rocks: magma mixing and xenoliths 239
Metamorphic crystallization, recrystallization, textures
and microstructures 245
x Contents
5.1 Mctamorphic crystallization 246
5.1.1 Prograde mctamorphic crystallization 246
5.1.2 Retrograde metamorphic crystallization 259
5.1.3 Polymorphic transformations 262
5.2 Rccrystallization (sensu stricto) 266
5.2.1 Rotation recrystallization 271
5.2.2 Migration recrystallization 272
5.2.3 General rccrystallization mechanisms 273
5.3 Metamorphic layering, crcnulation cleavage, veins and
pressure shadows
5.3.1 Grain-size sorting and transposition
5.3.2 Mechanical segregation
5.3.3 Layering produced by strain of existing features
5.3.4 Segregation due to stress- or strain-induced solution
transfer
5.3.5 Veins and pressure (strain) shadows
5.3.6 Migmatite layering
5.4 Shear-sense indicators
5.4.1 S-C mylonites
5.4.2 Porphyroclast(blast) fracture patterns
5.4.3 Rolling structures, 5-type porphyroclast(blast)
systems and asymmetrical microfolds
5.4.4 CT-type porphyroclast(blast) systems
5.4.5 Asymmetrical pressure shadows
5.4.6 Deformed vein systems
5.5 Metamorphic histories
5.5.1 Inclusion textures in porphyroblasts
5.5.2 Determining metamorphic histories
Part Three: Mineral Preferred-Orientations
6 Introduction 317
6.1 Shape preferred-orientations (SPOs) and lattice preferred-
orientations (LPOs)
6.2 Oriented specimens
6.3 Measuring preferred orientations
6.3.1 SPO measurement and aspect ratios
6.3.2 LPO measurement
6.3.3 Integrating SPO, LPO and CSD data
Contents xi
7 Metamorphic rocks 329
7.1
Mechanisms 329
7.1.1 Plastic deformation 329
7.1.2 Mechanical alignment of inequidimensional grains 333
7.1.3 Grain formation and growth 333
7.1.4 P-, M-, and G-type fabrics, and P-, M- and
G-tectonitcs 335
Sheet-silicates 337
Quartz 343
Calcitc and dolomite 351
Plagioclase 356
Olivinc 362
Amphiboles 366
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
8 Igneous rocks 370
8.1 Mechanisms 370
8.1.1 Sedimentation 370
8.1.2 Compaction 371
8.1.3 Laminar flow 373
8.1.4 Crystal growth in preferred directions 379
8.1.5 Plastic deformation: balloon tectonics 380
References 382
Part Four: Glossary and index 407 |
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| edition | 1. ed. |
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| isbn | 0412442000 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XVI, 445 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
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| publisher | Chapman & Hall |
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| spelling | Shelley, David Verfasser aut Igneous and metamorphic rocks under the microscope classification, textures and mineral preferred-orientations David Shelley 1. ed. London [u.a.] Chapman & Hall 1993 XVI, 445 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturverz. S. 382 - 405 Metamorphes Gestein (DE-588)4114576-8 gnd rswk-swf Magmatisches Gestein (DE-588)4036974-2 gnd rswk-swf Mikroskopie (DE-588)4039238-7 gnd rswk-swf Magmatisches Gestein (DE-588)4036974-2 s Mikroskopie (DE-588)4039238-7 s DE-604 Metamorphes Gestein (DE-588)4114576-8 s HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=004243875&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Shelley, David Igneous and metamorphic rocks under the microscope classification, textures and mineral preferred-orientations Metamorphes Gestein (DE-588)4114576-8 gnd Magmatisches Gestein (DE-588)4036974-2 gnd Mikroskopie (DE-588)4039238-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4114576-8 (DE-588)4036974-2 (DE-588)4039238-7 |
| title | Igneous and metamorphic rocks under the microscope classification, textures and mineral preferred-orientations |
| title_auth | Igneous and metamorphic rocks under the microscope classification, textures and mineral preferred-orientations |
| title_exact_search | Igneous and metamorphic rocks under the microscope classification, textures and mineral preferred-orientations |
| title_full | Igneous and metamorphic rocks under the microscope classification, textures and mineral preferred-orientations David Shelley |
| title_fullStr | Igneous and metamorphic rocks under the microscope classification, textures and mineral preferred-orientations David Shelley |
| title_full_unstemmed | Igneous and metamorphic rocks under the microscope classification, textures and mineral preferred-orientations David Shelley |
| title_short | Igneous and metamorphic rocks under the microscope |
| title_sort | igneous and metamorphic rocks under the microscope classification textures and mineral preferred orientations |
| title_sub | classification, textures and mineral preferred-orientations |
| topic | Metamorphes Gestein (DE-588)4114576-8 gnd Magmatisches Gestein (DE-588)4036974-2 gnd Mikroskopie (DE-588)4039238-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Metamorphes Gestein Magmatisches Gestein Mikroskopie |
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