Delinquency and society:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Englewood Cliffs, NJ
Prentice Hall
1990
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Prentice Hall foundations of modern sociology series
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 244 S. |
| ISBN: | 0131992589 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | PREFACE xi
CHAPTER 1
DEFINING, STUDYING, AND EXPLAINING JUVENILE DELINQUENCY 1
The Nature of Juvenile Delinquency 1
Juvenile Delinquency as a Social Problem 2
Measuring Juvenile Delinquency: Some Problems and Solutions 3
Official Records 3
Alternative Methods 5
Theoretical Perspectives on Delinquents and Delinquency 7
A Note on the Logic of Causal Thinking 8
The Nature of Human Nature 10
Levels of Explanation 11
Research Methods and the Generation of Knowledge 13
Theoretical Assumptions of Classical and Positivist Criminology 14
Levels of Explanation and the Organization of Knowledge 16
CHAPTER 2
CHILD SAVING:
HISTORICAL, LEGAL, AND SOCIAL CONTEXTS 19
Social Problems, the Public, and the Law 19
The Changing Status of Childhood 21
x CONTENTS
The Individual Level of Explanation 201
Systematic Testing of Individual Gang Boys 203
Early Socialization, Normative Ambiguity, and Delinquent Behavior
204
Conclusion 205
CHAPTER 10
DELINQUENCY AND SOCIETY 209
Introduction 209
Controlling Delinquency and Controlling Delinquents 209
The Historical Background 213
Federal Initiatives and Local Variations 214
Interpreting History and Research Evaluation 215
The Quest for Community 215
Community Careers in Delinquency 216
Recent Innovations 220
Later Studies of the Ecological Context 223
Communities and Social Class as a Categoric Risk 224
Community Based Police Research and Innovation 224
Communities and Individual Careers in Crime 226
Theoretically Based Principles of Intervention 228
Conclusion 231
INDEX 235
vi CONTENTS
Parens Patriae 22
Social Control of Children in the North American Colonies 23
The Discovery of the Asylum 24
The Police: Gatekeepers to the Juvenile Justice System 28
The Invention of Delinquency 29
Assessing the Juvenile Court Movement 30
The Reach of the Juvenile Court: Crime and More 33
Social Structure, Objective Conditions, and Juvenile Courts 36
Local Variations versus the Struggle for Uniformity in Standards
and Practices 36
Conclusion 39
CHAPTER 3
PROCEDURAL REFORM 44
Introduction 44
The Legacy of Parens Patriae 44
Case Work Theory versus Juvenile Court Practice 47
Failure of Diagnostic Prediction 48
Failure of the Basic Mission of the Court 49
The United States Supreme Court Rules 49
Kent v. United States 50
In re Gault 50
Other Supreme Court Rulings 53
The Difference It Makes 53
CHAPTER 4
BEHAVIORAL CONTEXTS OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY:
POLICE AND JUVENILE COURTS 61
Introduction 61
The Reality of the Law 61
The Police—Gatekeepers of the System 62
The Screening Function of the Police 62
How Do the Police Discover Delinquency? 66
Influences on Police Disposition of Cases 66
Policing and the Police Subculture 67
The Police View 69
The Meaning and Uses of Streets from the Perspective of Gang
Members 70
j
I CONTENTS vii
j Police Decisions and Predictions: An Evaluation 71
] Dilemmas, Paradoxes, and Possible Solutions 73
; Police Professionalization 73
j The Juvenile Court: Super Parent Versus Back Up Institution 75
: The National Assessment of Juvenile Corrections 75
Referrals to Juvenile Courts and Case Dispositions 75
Juvenile Court Goals and Priorities 77
The Task Environment of the Court 77
Adapting to Change 80
Community Settings, Agencies, and Delinquency 81
CHAPTER 5
SCHOOLS AND COMMUNITIES AS BEHAVIORAL SETTINGS
FOR JUVENILE DELINQUENCY 84
Historical Note 84
Looking to the Court for Backup Authority 85
What Is to Be Explained? 86
Who Are the Offenders in School Related Crime? 87
Serious Crime and Fear in Schools 88
School Crime, Social Control, and Social Change 89
The Community Context of Social Change 89
Community Settings and Juvenile Delinquency 91
Beyond Conformity or Rebellion: Youth and Authority in America 93
A Comparison of Black and White Gang Communities 98
Conclusion 102
CHAPTER 6
THE SOCIAL DISTRIBUTION OF DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR:
PROBLEMS OF MEASUREMENT AND INTERPRETATION 106
Introduction 106
Limitations and Advantages of Alternative Methods 108
Behavior for which Juveniles Are Referred to Juvenile Courts 109
Age as a Categoric Risk 109
Arrest Rates 110
Comparing Official Delinquents with Officially Nondelinquent
Youth 111
Age of Maximum Criminal Involvement 112
Gender as a Categoric Risk 112
viil CONTENTS
Juvenile Court Data 113
Self Report Gender Ratios 114
Gender Ratios of Arrests 115
Patterning of Delinquent Behavior Among Males and Females 115
Chronic Offenders 119
Race and Ethnicity as Categoric Risks 120
Social Class 122
Other Categoric Risks 123
The Collective Nature of Juvenile Delinquency 126
Categoric Risks and Group Offending 127
Career Delinquents and Delinquent Careers 128
On to Explanation 128
CHAPTER 7
MACROSOCIAL FORCES AND PRINCIPLES 133
Introduction 133
Comparative and Historical Studies 133
Political and Economic Theories 133
Marxist Theories 134
Culture, Social Structure, and Delinquent Subcultures 137
Social Change 138
Principles of Subcultural Formation 138
The Nature of Subcultures 139
Delinquent and Criminal Subcultures 139
Modernization Theory 140
Social Structure and Contemporary Culture 141
Alternative Adaptations to Socially Structured Disadvantage 142
Lower Class Culture as a Generating Milieu of Gang Delinquency 143
Opportunity Structures and Delinquent Subcultures 143
Research on Delinquent Subcultures 145
Adult Adolescent Relationships 146
Subcultural Themes and Delinquency 146
Further Observations of the Chicago Gang Communities 147
Gangs and Delinquent Subcultures 148
A Drug Oriented Gang 148
Conflict Gangs 150
Property Crimes, Communities, and Delinquent Gangs 151
Categoric Risks, Subcultures, and Delinquency 152
Ecological and Demographic Trends 153
Demographic Factors 156
Routine Activities, Lifestyles, and Delinquent Behavior 157
1 CONTENTS Ix
CHAPTER 8
s THE INDIVIDUAL IN THE EQUATION 162
i Biological Contributions: Historical Contexts 163
The Advent of Intelligence Testing 164
: Somatotypes and Delinquent Behavior 164
Recent Inquiries and a Conceptual Framework 165
Accounting for Male/Female Differences in Delinquent Behavior 166
Biological Pathologies as Causal Factors 166
Biological Factors and Delinquent Labeling 167
The Linkage of Common Biological and Social Characteristics 167
Genetic Studies and a Biologically Based Theory of Learning 168
Psychological Perspectives: Overview 169
Delinquency as Learned Behavior 170
Behavior Typologies 171
Sociological Perspectives on Motivation and Learning 175
Differential Association 175
Role Theory, the Self, and Reference Groups 176
Insights of the Labeling Perspective 178
Social Control Theory 179
Economic Theory 180
On Bonds and Boundaries: What Can a Parent Do? 180
On Boundary Maintenance, Labeling, and Parental Decision Making
181
CHAPTER 9
EXPLORATIONS IN THEORETICAL EXTENSION AND INTEGRATION 188
Introduction 188
Why Bother? 188
Asking the Right Questions 190
Theoretical Integration and Gray Areas of Knowledge 190
Integrating Down to the Individual Level of Explanation 191
Learning from Negative Cases 193
Delinquency, Groups, and Collective Behavior 194
The Microsocial Level of Explanation 196
Situational Factors, Group Solidarity, and Behavior 198
Microsocial and Macrosocial Influences on Individual Level Decision
Making 199
The Importance of Cultural Differences 201
|
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T16:49:02Z |
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| isbn | 0131992589 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XII, 244 S. |
| publishDate | 1990 |
| publishDateSearch | 1990 |
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| publisher | Prentice Hall |
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| series2 | Prentice Hall foundations of modern sociology series |
| spelling | Short, James F. 1924-2018 Verfasser (DE-588)172373239 aut Delinquency and society James F. Short Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall 1990 XII, 244 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Prentice Hall foundations of modern sociology series Criminaliteit gtt Délinquance juvénile - États-Unis Kinderen gtt Kind Kriminalität Juvenile delinquency United States Jugendkriminalität (DE-588)4028893-6 gnd rswk-swf Gesellschaft (DE-588)4020588-5 gnd rswk-swf USA Jugendkriminalität (DE-588)4028893-6 s Gesellschaft (DE-588)4020588-5 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=004216134&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Short, James F. 1924-2018 Delinquency and society Criminaliteit gtt Délinquance juvénile - États-Unis Kinderen gtt Kind Kriminalität Juvenile delinquency United States Jugendkriminalität (DE-588)4028893-6 gnd Gesellschaft (DE-588)4020588-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4028893-6 (DE-588)4020588-5 |
| title | Delinquency and society |
| title_auth | Delinquency and society |
| title_exact_search | Delinquency and society |
| title_full | Delinquency and society James F. Short |
| title_fullStr | Delinquency and society James F. Short |
| title_full_unstemmed | Delinquency and society James F. Short |
| title_short | Delinquency and society |
| title_sort | delinquency and society |
| topic | Criminaliteit gtt Délinquance juvénile - États-Unis Kinderen gtt Kind Kriminalität Juvenile delinquency United States Jugendkriminalität (DE-588)4028893-6 gnd Gesellschaft (DE-588)4020588-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Criminaliteit Délinquance juvénile - États-Unis Kinderen Kind Kriminalität Juvenile delinquency United States Jugendkriminalität Gesellschaft USA |
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