The customary law of the Dinka people of Sudan: in comparison with aspects of Western and Islamic laws
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London
Afroworld Publ.
1988
|
| Series: | African traditional law
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | 287 S. |
| ISBN: | 0948583037 0948583045 |
Staff View
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | African Traditional Law
I HI-1
CUSTOMARY LAW
OF THE
DINKA PEOPLE
OF SUDAN
In comparison with
Aspects of Western and Islamic Laws
by
John Wuol Makec
LL B (Khartoum), LL M (London)
Judge of the Court of Appeal (Judiciary) Sudan
formerly
Minister of Co-operatives and Rural Development and
Speaker of the Bhar el Ghazal People s Regional Assembly
AFROWORLD AJ*T PUBLISHING CO
Contents
Acknowledgement
Foreword
Introduction
Part A
1 Recognition of custom as one of the sources of
law in the Sudan
2 The need for development of the customary laws
of the Sudan
PartB
1 The conditions which qualify a custom to acquire
a binding force of law
2 The test of reasonableness of a custom
CHAPTER ONE
The Sources, Development and Objectives
of the Dinka Customary Law 31
1 SOURCES
1 1 Practice 31
1 2 Courts decisions 32
1 3 Religious beliefs 33
1 4 Principles of morality 33
2 THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LAW 34
2 1 Development in the field of civil law 34
2 2 Non-existence of law enforcement agencies 34
3 THE LEGAL OBJECTIVES 35
3 1 The rudimentary state of the criminal law 37
3 2 Attempts to resolve differences between customary
rules through a unified code 38
3 3 The re-statement and the wide-scale codification
of the customary rules 39
CHAPTER TWO
1 The Nature of Legal Sanctions in Dinka Law 41
1 1 The positive character of man 42
1 2 Self-aggrandisement and the break-down of
the positive character of man 42
1 3 The need for law 43
1 4 The need for legal sanctions 44
2 THE APPARENT ABSENCE OF LEGAL SANCTIONS
IN DINKA LAW 45
3 THE NATURE OF LEGAL SANCTIONS 46
3 1 The fear of God 47
3 2 Mystical beliefs 49
3 3 Public criticism 51
3 4 The fear of revenge 51
CHAPTER THREE
The Family Law ( Loonge-Kdoce Ruai ) 54
1 RUl (MARRIAGE)
1 1 (a) Union between one man and one or more women 54
1 1 (b) The scope of the union 56
1 l(c) Union for their lives 57
1 1 (d) Union between his successor and one or more women 59
1 2 Why marry and produce children for the dead? 60
1 3 Marriage objectives 61
1 3(a) Sexual cohabitation - 61
1 3(b) Procreation of the young 61
1 3(c) Maintenance of the homestead 62
1 4 The requirements of marriage 62
1 4(a) Consent (Gem; Gam) 62
1 4(b) Capacity in marriage (Dit) 63
1 4(c) Bride-wealth ( Hok-thieek ) - 63
- 1 4(d) The final marriage ceremony 65
1 5 Marriage as a social contract and not a
commercial contract 65
2 ADULTERY (AKOR) 67
3 DIVORCE (PUOKE-RUAI) 77
3 1 Puoke-ruai (Divorce) reverses the
marriage objectives 81
3 2 Puoke-ruai must take place in court 81
3 3 Reasons why divorce must take place in court 82
3 4 Whether puoke-ruai may be obtained with ease 86
3 5 Grounds for divorce (puoke-ruai) 88
3 6 The legal consequences of puoke-ruai 90
3 7 The relation between the bride-wealth and
the father s right to children 95
3 8 All claims must always be settled in a
divorce suit 97
3 9 Procedure 97
4 THE CUSTODY OF CHILDREN AND
MAINTENANCE ORDERS 99
5 DISTRIBUTION OF FAMILY PROPERTY
AFTER DIVORCE 103
6 JURISDICTION AND CHOICE OF LAW IN
DIVORCE CASES OR DISPUTES ARISING
OUT OF MIXED MARRIAGES 105
6 1 Cases arising out of marriage or divorce between
the Dinka and members of other tribes 105
6 2 Divorce cases or disputes arising out of marriages
among the Dinka Christians 107
6 3 Divorce cases in marriages between non-Muslim
Dinka girls or women and Muslim men 109
CHAPTER FOUR
Some Aspects of The Law of Property 118
1 PERSONAL PROPERTY 123
1 1 The transfer of title or ownership of property 123
1 2 The right of the original owner to trace his property
into the hands of others 127
1 3 Exceptions to the right of tracing 132
1 3(a) Impossibility of recovering the original property 132
1 3(b) Circumstances where the law stops die right of
tracing 134
1 4 The rights of innocent parties 136
1 4(a) Where the property is obtained from the owner 136
1 4(a) (i) Acquisition of property through marriage 136
1 4(a) (ii) Acquisition of property through sale, discharge
of debt or any other obligation 137
1 4(b) Where the innocent party obtains property from
a non-owner 137
1 4(b) (i) Acquisition of property through a rogue 138
1 4(b) (ii) Acquisition of property by a finder or by one who
acquires it from a finder 139
2 INTESTATE AND TESTAMENTARY SUCCESSION 140
2 1 Who are the legal heirs? 141
2 2 The main principles to be observed in dealing with the
deceased s estate 141
2 2(a) One must have a family 141
2 2(b) Property as a source of power for raising a family 142
2 2(c) Communal ownership of family property 142
2 2(d) The estate must remain within the family 142
2 3 The consequences of the above principles 142
2 3(a) Limitation imposed upon the testator s freedom
of bequest 143
2 3(b) Duty imposed upon the trustee of the deceased s
estate 143
2 3(c)
2 3(d)
2 3(e)
2 7(a)
2 7(b)
Exclusion of daughters from inheritance
Exclusion of the divorced wife or wives from
inheritance
Testate or testamentary succession becomes less
common
Brothers and parents as alternative heirs
Property which constitutes part of the estate
Appointment of a trustee for the family
The impact of tribal or public rights upon succession
Rights which cannot be inherited
The estate may be inherited with restrictions imposed
upon it through the rights acquired over it by others
THE LAND LAW
3 3(a)
3 3(b)
3 4(a)
3 4(a)
3 4(a)
3 4(a)
3 4(b)
3 4(b)
3 4(b)
3 4(b)
3 4(c)
3 4(c)
3 4(c)
3 4(c)
3 4(c)
Statutory provisions
Stagnancy in land development
The two land divisions and their usage
The importance of the Toe
The importance oiBaai
Public and private interests in land
Modes of acquisition of title to land
(i) By occupation
(ii) By conquest
(hi) By gift
The nature of the individual s right or interest
in land
(i) Possessory right
(ii) Usufruct
(iii) Ownership right
The ownership of things on and under the land
(i) ThecaseofGuen-jang
(ii) The case of Aber (metallic ore)
(iii) The ownership of animals on land
(iv) The loss of title to land
3 4(d) Reserved lands for communal usage 179
3 4(d) (i) Restrictions on reserved lands for common
usage 180
3 4(d) (ii) Claims of title as a cause of inter-tribal
disputes over land 180
3 4(d) (iii) Claim of title arising from the original
occupation of land 181
3 4(d) (iv) A community may exercise exclusive rights over
its fishing areas 182
3 4(d) (v) Where permission to settle on a tribal land
develops into an adverse claim of tide 183
3 4(d) (vi) Rights enjoyed over the property of another
person 185
CHAPTER FIVE
The Law of Obligations 186
1 AMUK(ORAMEC) 187
2 LIABILITY FOR ANIMALS-DAMAGES FOR PERSONAL
INJURY CAUSED BY ANIMALS 192
2 1 Whether the animals are classified; and if so, whether
the keeper or the owner is liable for the acts of the animals
in both cases 195
2 2 Whether the liability for the torts committed by these
animals is absolute or whether the mental element of the
keeper or owner is a necessary requisite for his liability - 1%
2 3 Exception 1%
2 4 The basis of liability for the acts of animals 197
2 5 To whom is the keeper of an animal liable? 198
3 LIABILITY FOR HOMICIDE (NAKE-RAAN) 198
3 1 Why homicide is classified under the Law of
Obligations 198
3 2 The basis of collective responsibility for homicide
or certain torts 199
3 2 (i) Collective responsibility 200
3 2 (ii) Persons who are liable collectively for the
tortfeasor s act 200
3 2 (iii) The basis or philosophy of the principle of
collective responsibility 202
3 3 Whether the mental element is a necessary requisite
for liability in homicide cases 205
34- Cases where damages are mitigated 207
3 5 Cases where relationship or a particular circumstance
exists 208
3 5(a) Where a person causes the death of a relative 208
3 5(b) Where the wife causes the death of a person 208
3 5(c) Where the wife kills her husband 209
3 5(d) Where the husband kills his wife 209
4 DEFAMATION 209
4 1 Duty of care owed to the public 209
4 2 Damages for defamation 211
4 3 What constitutes defamation in a locality 211
4 4 The corrective element 213
4 5 Distinction between defamation and insult 214
4 6 Whether mens rea is necessary in determining liability 215
CHAPTER SIX
Procedure 216
1 THE GENERAL PRINCIPLES REGULATING THE
OPERATION OF THE RULES OF PROCEDURE 218
1 1 The functional role of the judge or the court during
a trial 218
1 2 The principle of conciliation 220
1 3 Settlement of disputes outside the court 221
1 4 Simplicity of procedure 222
2 THE CONSTITUTION OF CHIEFS COURTS 222
3 JURISDICTION OF CHIEFS COURTS 223
4 CAUSE OF ACTION AND RIGHT OF ACTION 227
4 1 Cause of action 227
4 2 Right of action 228
5 NON-RENEWAL OF DECIDED CASES (BERE-
PINYELUOK) 229
6 WHO ARE THE PARTIES TO A SUIT OR A CASE? 229
7 SURVIVAL OF ACTIONS 230
8 PAYMENT OF SUBJECT-MATTER OF THE SUIT
INTO COURT 230
9 COMMENCEMENT OF JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS 231
10 SUMMONS 232
11 THE HEARING 233
11 1 The seating arrangements of the people 233
12 WHO MUST OPEN THE CASE? 235
13 THE DEFENCE CASE 236
14 THE JUDGEMENT 237
15 APPEALS 238
15 1 Time for appeal 240
15 2 Rationale behind making appeals 241
16 POWER OF REVISION 241
17 EXECUTIONS OF DECREES AND ORDERS 243
18 EXECUTIONS OF DECREES AND ORDERS IN OTHER
TERRITORIES 244
Table of Cases 247
Glossary 248
Appendix 253
Index 280
|
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| spelling | Makec, John W. Verfasser aut The customary law of the Dinka people of Sudan in comparison with aspects of Western and Islamic laws by John Wuol Makec London Afroworld Publ. 1988 287 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier African traditional law Droit coutumier - Soudan Droit coutumier - Soudan ram Droit dinka Customary law Sudan Law, Dinka Dinka (DE-588)4012353-4 gnd rswk-swf Gewohnheitsrecht (DE-588)4157303-1 gnd rswk-swf Dinka (DE-588)4012353-4 s Gewohnheitsrecht (DE-588)4157303-1 s DE-604 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=004189979&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Makec, John W. The customary law of the Dinka people of Sudan in comparison with aspects of Western and Islamic laws Droit coutumier - Soudan Droit coutumier - Soudan ram Droit dinka Customary law Sudan Law, Dinka Dinka (DE-588)4012353-4 gnd Gewohnheitsrecht (DE-588)4157303-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4012353-4 (DE-588)4157303-1 |
| title | The customary law of the Dinka people of Sudan in comparison with aspects of Western and Islamic laws |
| title_auth | The customary law of the Dinka people of Sudan in comparison with aspects of Western and Islamic laws |
| title_exact_search | The customary law of the Dinka people of Sudan in comparison with aspects of Western and Islamic laws |
| title_full | The customary law of the Dinka people of Sudan in comparison with aspects of Western and Islamic laws by John Wuol Makec |
| title_fullStr | The customary law of the Dinka people of Sudan in comparison with aspects of Western and Islamic laws by John Wuol Makec |
| title_full_unstemmed | The customary law of the Dinka people of Sudan in comparison with aspects of Western and Islamic laws by John Wuol Makec |
| title_short | The customary law of the Dinka people of Sudan |
| title_sort | the customary law of the dinka people of sudan in comparison with aspects of western and islamic laws |
| title_sub | in comparison with aspects of Western and Islamic laws |
| topic | Droit coutumier - Soudan Droit coutumier - Soudan ram Droit dinka Customary law Sudan Law, Dinka Dinka (DE-588)4012353-4 gnd Gewohnheitsrecht (DE-588)4157303-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Droit coutumier - Soudan Droit dinka Customary law Sudan Law, Dinka Dinka Gewohnheitsrecht |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=004189979&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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