Verfügbarkeit: Turkish grammar

Turkish grammar:

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
1. Verfasser:	Lewis, Geoffrey L. 1920-2008 (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	Turkish English
Veröffentlicht:	Oxford Clarendon Press 1985
Schlagworte:	Grammatik Turkish language > Grammar Türkisch
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	XXII, 303 S.
ISBN:	0198158386

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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Page xix BIBLIOGRAPHY ххш ABBREVIATIONS xxiv I. ORTHOGRAPHY AND PHONOLOGY ι ι . The alphabet ι 2. The apostrophe 2, 3. The circumflex accent 2 4. Consonants : general observations г 5- b, p 3 6. ç 3 7. d, t, n З 8. f, v 3 9. é, k 3 10. è 4 11. h S 12. 1 6 ІЗ- г 7 14· У 7 15. The glottal stop 7 16. Doubled consonants 8 17. Consonant-clusters and epenthetic vowels 9 ϊ8. Foreign diphthongs 10 19. Alternation of consonants 10 20. Consonant assimilation in suffixes 12 2X. Vowels: general observations 12 22. a 13 23. 1 13 24. о ІЗ 25. u 14 26. e 14 viii CONTENTS 27. і 28. ö 29. ü 30. Vowel length 31. Vowel harmony 32. Exceptions to the rules of vowel harmony 33. Vowel harmony in foreign borrowings 34. Vowel harmony of suffixes 35. Vowel harmony of suffixes with foreign borrowings 36. Alternation of vowels 37. Accentuation: general observations 38. Word-accent 39. Exceptions 40. Enclitic suffixes 41. Enclitic words 42. Group-accent 43. Intonation II. THE NOUN 1. Gender 2. Number: the Turkish plural 3. Arabic plurals 4. Other plurals 5. The Arabic dual 6. The cases 7. Summary of case-endings 8. Uses of the cases 9. The absolute form 10. The accusative case n. The genitive case 12. The dative case 13. The locative case 14. The ablative case 15. Personal suffixes 16. Personal suffixes followed by case-suffixes 17. The izafet group 18. Words indicating nationality 14 14 14 14 15 17 17 17 19 20 20 21 21 23 24 24 24 25 25 25 26 28 28 28 34 35 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 40 41 44 CONTENTS ix 19. The izafet chain 45 20. Place-names consisting in an izafet group 47 21. Culinary terms without izafet 48 22. Third-person suffix with substantivizing and defining force 48 23. The Janus construction 48 24. Suffixes with izafet groups 49 25. The vocative use of the third-person suffix 50 26. Persian izafet 50 III. THE ADJECTIVE 53 1. General observations 53 2. Attributive adjectives 53 3. The indefinite article 53 4. Comparison of adjectives 54 5. Arabic and Persian comparatives 55 6. Intensive adjectives 55 IV. NOUN AND ADJECTIVE SUFFIXES 57 1. Diminutives 57 2. Diminutives of personal names 58 3. -(i)msi, -(i)mtrak, -si 58 4. -ci 59 5. -U 60 6. ... -li ... -li 61 7. -siz 62 8. -lik 62 9. -daş 64 10. -gil 65 11. -(s)el 65 12. -varí 66 13. -cil 66 14. -hane 66 15. -ane 66 V. PRONOUNS 67 ι. Personal pronouns 67 2. Uses of the personal pronouns 68 3. -ki 69 χ CONTENTS 4. kendi 5. Demonstratives 6. Interrogatives 7. Indefinite, determinative, and negative 8. bazi, klmi 9. birtakim 10. her 11. hep 12. çok 13. az 14. birkaç 15. btittin 16. başka, diger 17. öbür 18. birbir 19. ayni 20. şey 21. falán 22. insan 23. hiç 24. kimse VI. NUMERALS ι. Cardinals 2. Classifiers 3. Fractions 4. Ordinals 5. Distributives 6. Collectives 7. Dice numbers VII. POSTPOSITIONS 1. General observations 2. Primary postpositions with absolute case 3. Primary postpositions with absolute or genitive case 4. Primary postpositions with dative case 5. Primary postpositions with ablative case 70 71 72 74 74 75 75 75 75 75 76 76 76 76 76 76 77 77 77 77 78 79 79 80 81 82 83 84 84 85 85 85 85 87 89 CONTENTS xi 6. Secondary postpositions : I 89 7. Secondary postpositions: II 92 8. Secondary postpositions: III 94 9. leh, aleyh 94 10. The preposition ilâ 95 VIII. THE VERB Φ ι. The stem 96 2. The verb to be* 96 3. The present tense of to be* 96 4. Uses of -dir 97 5. Examples of the present tense of to be 98 6. Forms based on i- 99 7. The past tense of to be* 99 8. The present conditional of to be* 99 9. The past conditional of to be* 100 10. The inferential 101 її. The inferential conditional 102 12. The negative of to be* 103 13. Interrogative 105 14. Negative-interrogative 106 15. The regular verb 106 16. Present I 108 17. Uses of the present Ю9 1 8. Paradigms of the present 19. Present II 20. Future I 21. Uses of the future 22. Paradigms of the future 23. Future II 5 24. Aorist ττ5 25· Uses of the aorist *7 26. Paradigms of the aorist 118 27. miş-past !22 28. Pluperfect 123 29. Other paradigms of the miş-past 123 30. Necessitative xii CONTENTS - зі. di-past I27 32. Uses of the di-past 33. Other paradigms of the di-past 34. Conditional 3° 35. Subjunctive 32 36. Uses of the subjunctive J33 37. Other paradigms of the subjunctive i34 38. Synopsis of the verb 35 39. Imperative 37 40. -sindi 138 41. -sin için 139 42. -dir suffixed to finite verbs X39 43. -dir with a following verb 44. Summary of the forms of to be 45. var, у ок 46. Extended stems 43 47. The reciprocal or co-operative verb 43 48. The causative verb X44 49. Doubly causative verbs 146 50. Syntax of the causative 51. The repetitive verb Sa. The reflexive verb X49 53. The passive verb J49 54. Uses of the passive τ5° 55- The potential verb I5I 56. The order of extensions 52 57. Auxiliary verbs X54 IX. PARTICIPLES 158 1. Present 2. Future I 3. Future II 4. Aorist IO1 5. miş -past l62 6. di-past IO2 7. The personal participles lť>3 8. -eceêi gel- l65 CONTENTS xiii 9. -esi gel- 165 10. -eceèi tut- 166 11. Periphrastic tenses and moods 166 X. VERBAL NOUNS 167 ι. Introductory 167 2. -mek 167 3. The infinitive with subject 169 4. -mekli 169 5. Common nouns in -mek 169 6. -meklik 170 7. -me 170 8. Common nouns in -me 171 9. -meli 17г 10. -masyon 17a 11. -iş 172 12. -mezlik, -memezlik 173 XI. GERUNDS 174 1. Introductory 174 2. -e 174 3. -erek 176 4. olarak 177 5. -ip 177 6. -ince 179 7. -inceye kadar, -inceyedek, -inceye degin 180 8. -ene kadar, -enedek, -ene degin 180 9. -esiye 180 10. -eli, -eli beri, -eliden beri, -dim -eli 181 11. oldum olasi(ya) 181 12. -meden, -mezden 181 13. -r -mez 182 14. -dikçe 183 15. -digince 183 16. -dikte 183 17. -dikten sonra 183 18. -dikten başka 184 xiv CONTENTS 19. -diginden başka 184 го. Gerund-equivalents 184 21. -digi muddetçe 1S5 22. -digi balde 186 23. -digi takdirde 186 24. -digi için, -diginden 186 25. -die nispette 186 26. -diëi kadar 186 27. -digi gibi 187 28. -ecegine, -ecek yerde 187 29. -mekle 187 30. -mektense, -mekten lse, -medense 188 31. -meksizin 188 32. Equivalents of * as if * 188 33. -mecesine 189 34. iken 190 35. Compound verbs 191 XII. ADVERBS 19З 1. General observations 19З 2. -ce 194 3. Nouns used adverbially i95 4. Foreign adverbs 196 5. Comparison of adverbs 196 6. bir 197 7. bir türlü 197 8. ... bile, hattá . . . 197 9. âdeta 198 10. Adverbs of place ^8 и. asin 199 12. -re 199 13. Adverbs of time 2O° 14. Telling the time 20г 15. ertesi 202 16. ewelsi, ewelki 202 17. e wel, sonra 203 18. şimdi 203 CONTENTS acv 19. artik, bundán böyle, gayri 203 20. daha 203 21. hemen * 204 22. gene, yine 204 23. The verb to be* in temporal expressions 204 24. derken 204 XIII. CONJUNCTIONS AND PARTICLES 206 1. ve 206 2. de 206 3. ne ... ne (de) . „ . 207 4. gerek . . . gerek(se) . . . 209 5. hem . . . hem (de) ... 209 6. ha . . . ha ... 209 7. ister . . . ister . . . 209 б. ... olsun . . . olsun 209 9. ya . . . ya . . . veya . . ., yahut, veyahut 210 10. ama, f akat, lâkin, ne var ki 210 11. ancak, yalniz 211 12. marnai ih, bununla ber aber, bimunla bir likte 211 13. madem(ki), degil mi (ki) 211 14. meger(se) 211 15. ki 211 16. megerki 214 17. nitekim, netekim 214 18. halbuki, oysa(ki) 215 19. cünkü, zira 215 20. demek 215 21. diger taraf tan, öte yandan 216 22. gerçi 216 23. gûya 216 24. hani (ya) 216 25. hele 217 26. herhalde 217 27. ise 217 28. iste 217 29. salan 218 xvi CONTENTS 30. sanki 218 31. söy le durs un 218 32. ya 218 33. yok 219 34. yoksa 219 XIV. WORD-FORMATION 220 1. Déverbal substantives 220 2. -ici 220 3. -men 220 4. -ik 221 5. -І 221 6. -ti, -inti 222 7. -gì 222 8. -Ç 222 Q. -ek, -k 223 10. -gen, -egen 223 11. -gin 223 12. -it, -t 224 13. -im, -m 224 14. -în 225 15* -êeç, -êiç 225 16. -tay 226 17. -ev, -v 226 18. -ey, -y 226 19. Denominal verbs 227 20. -e- 227 21. -le- 227 22. -len- 228 23. -let- 228 24. -leş- 228 25. -el-, -1- 229 26. -er- 229 27. -se- 230 28. -imse- 230 29. -de- 231 30. Compound nouns and adjectives 23 1 CONTENTS xvii 31. Abbreviated nouns 232 32. Izafet groups 232 33. Frozen izafet groups 233 34. Proper names consisting in izafet groups 233 35. Adjective-hnoun 233 36. Noun + noun + - li 234 37. Adjective + noun -j- -li 234 38. Noun + adjective 234 39. Noun-f-third-person suffix + adjective 234 40. Noun + verb 234 41. Onomatopoeic word + verb 235 42. Verb + verb 235 43. Hyphenated compounds 235 44. Repetitions 235 45. Doublets 236 46. m-doublets 237 XV. THE ORDER OF ELEMENTS IN THE SENTENCE 239 1. Nominal sentences and verbal sentences 239 2. The principles of word-order 239 3. The inverted sentence; devrik cumie 241 4. The sentence-plus 244 XVI. NUMBER, CASE, AND APPOSITION 246 1. Concordance of subject and verb 246 2. Singular and plural in izafet groups 247 3. Idiomatic uses of the plural 247 4. The accusative with bir 248 5. Two idiomatic uses of the dative case 248 6. The genitive as logical subject 250 7. Apposition 252 XVII. THE NOUN CLAUSE AND THE SUBSTANTIVAL SENTENCE 254 1. The verbal noun in -me and the personal participles 254 2. The substantival sentence 256 3. The substantival sentence as adjectival qualifier 256 xviii CONTENTS 4. The substantival sentence as qualifier in izafet 257 5. The sentence with case-endings 258 XVIII. ADJECTIVAL PHRASES AND PARTICIPIAL QUALIFIERS 259 1. The başibozuk construction 259 2. Translation of English relative clauses 260 3. Two variant types of participial qualifier 262 XIX. THE SUBJUNCTIVE AND КІ 264 1. Clauses of purpose 264 2. The subjunctive after a negative main verb 264 3. The subjunctive in noun clauses 265 XX. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES 267 1. Open conditions 267 2. Alternatives to the conditional verb 267 3. Remote and unfulfilled conditions 268 4. Apodosis to an unexpressed protasis 268 5. Alternative protases 269 6. Concessive clauses 269 7. Whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever 269 8. eger, say et 270 9. Conditional sense of the future personal participle 270 10. The conditional base 271 II. -Sene, -Senize 27! 12. -se beêenirsin? 272 13. olsa olsa 272 14. olsa gerek 273 XXI. ASYNDETIC SUBORDINATION 274 XXII. PUNCTUATION 276 XXIII. SENTENCE-ANALYSIS 278 XXIV. FURTHER EXAMPLES 283 INDEX 291
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spelling	Lewis, Geoffrey L. 1920-2008 Verfasser (DE-588)122691784 aut Turkish grammar G. L. Lewis Oxford Clarendon Press 1985 XXII, 303 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Grammatik Turkish language Grammar Türkisch (DE-588)4120079-2 gnd rswk-swf Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd rswk-swf Türkisch (DE-588)4120079-2 s Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Passau - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=004025525&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Lewis, Geoffrey L. 1920-2008 Turkish grammar Grammatik Turkish language Grammar Türkisch (DE-588)4120079-2 gnd Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4120079-2 (DE-588)4021806-5
title	Turkish grammar
title_auth	Turkish grammar
title_exact_search	Turkish grammar
title_full	Turkish grammar G. L. Lewis
title_fullStr	Turkish grammar G. L. Lewis
title_full_unstemmed	Turkish grammar G. L. Lewis
title_short	Turkish grammar
title_sort	turkish grammar
topic	Grammatik Turkish language Grammar Türkisch (DE-588)4120079-2 gnd Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd
topic_facet	Grammatik Turkish language Grammar Türkisch
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=004025525&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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