A history of the English language:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Leipzig
Verl. Enzyklopädie
1982
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. Aufl. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | 240 S. Kt. |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a A history of the English language |c Rolf Berndt |
| 250 | |a 1. Aufl. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Leipzig |b Verl. Enzyklopädie |c 1982 | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Englisch | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Geschichte | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Titel: A history of the English language
Autor: Berndt, Rolf
Jahr: 1982
Contents Abbreviations, special signs and phonetic symbols used in this book............ 7 Introduction ............... ................... 11 1. Some aspects of the history of the language community from the Anglo-Saxon invasion of Britian to the end of the Middle Ages 1.1. The formation of‘Anglo-Saxon’England................ 16 1.2. The Christianization of the‘Anglo-Saxons’ ............... 21 1.3. The Viking invasions of ‘Anglo-Saxon’ England............. 22 1.4. The Norman Conquest and its effects on the linguistic situation in England ... 23 2. ‘Variation in language’: origin and development, or the evolution of a differentiated language system ) 2.1. Pre-Old English............................ 31 2.2. - Old English............................. 32 2.3. Middle English............................ 34- 2.4. Modern English, with special consideration of Early Modern English...... 38 2.5. National variants........................... 47 3. Historical changes in the sphere
of lexis 3.1. General remarks........................... 48 3.2. The intake of words of other languages into the lexicon of English..... 49 3.2.1. Lexical borrowing from Latin ..................... 50 ??./ 3.2.2 The impact of French upon English .................. 57 3.2.3. The Scandinavian influence on the English language............ 63 3.2.4. Loaning from Low Dutch....................... 65 ^ 3.2.5. Borrowings from other languages.................... 67 3.3. The passing out of use of native words ................. 69 3.3.1. The importance of the inherited Germanic lexical material in present-day English................................ 1 69 3.3.2. The losses among old native words................... i71 3.4. Semantic change........................... 76 3.4.1. Motivating forces........................... 76 3.4.2. Major categories of semantic change .................. 80 3.4.2.1. ‘Specialization’and‘generalization’................... 81 3.4.2.2. ‘Semantic shift’: substitution,
re-grouping, and expansion......... 87 3.4.3. Other types of semantic change..................... 90 3.4.3.1. Association of an existing form with a new, figurative meaning........ 90 3.4.3.2. Euphemistic use of lexical items (euphemizing)...........• • • 92 3.4.3.3. Semantic changes involving gain or loss of evaluative meaning components . . 93 3.4.3.4. Changes affecting the‘stylistic meaning’of words............. 96 3.4.4. Loss of one or more meanings of a word.............. 97 3.4.5. Semantic differentiation of originally synonymous (or partially synonymous) , native words and loan words...................... 98 /? 3.5. The problem of‘hard words’in English................. 102 V
Contents 4. 4.1. 4.1.1. 4.1.2. 4.1.3. 4.2. 4.2.1. 4.2.2. 4.2.3. 4.3. 4.3.1. 4.3.2. 4.3.2.1. 4.3.2.2. 4.3.2.3 4.4. 4.4.1. 4.4.2. 4.4.3. 4.4.4. 4.5. 5. 5.1. 5.1.1. 5.1.2. 5.1.3. 5.1.4. 5.1.5. 5.2. 5.2.1. 5.2.2. 5.Ì3. 5.3. 5.3.1. 5.3.2. 5.3.3. Aspects of the morphological and syntactic development of English Changes in the marking of syntactic relations............... Marking in the earliest developmental stages of English .......... The change-over to (predominantly) analytic marking of syntactic relations . . Loss of‘concord’ . . ......................... Other changes affecting the category of nouns .............. The abandonment of ‘grammatical gender’ .............. The development of the number marking inflectional forms of nouns .... The ‘genitive’ and the ‘analytic prepositional construction with o/’..... The development of verb inflection in English .............. Marking for ‘person’ and ‘number’................... ‘Simplification’ in ‘tense marking’...................
Reduction of the number of ‘ablaut’ vowels in the tense forms of ‘strong’ verbs Increases in the frequency of occurrence of ‘regular’ past tense (and second participle) forms through the formation of new, ‘weak’ forms of originally ‘strong’ verbs and integration of borrowed verbs into the ‘weak class’..... The evolution of ‘irregular’ past tense forms of ‘weak’ verbs......... Further elaboration of the verb system: the development of ‘compound’ verbal forms................................ The development of compound tense-forms: the periphrastic future..... The growth of the ‘expanded form’ in English.............. The evolution of the‘Perfect’in English............~ . . . . The history of the passive constructions in English ............ The development and spread of do as a semantically empty auxiliary in interrogative and negative clauses ...................... 115 4 140 143 145 1 146 ? 151 1 154 J 159: i 166 ~ Phonological changes * Major
vowel changes in Old and Middle English.............174 The Old English vowel system in comparison to the protolanguage from which ?? both English and German developed..................174 -s The development of the Germanic diphthongs /an/ and /e«/ ........177 ;? * Developments in the direction of an elimination of vowel quantity as a phonemic feature in English...........................179 •‘Decrease in the number of contrastive units in the vowel system: the disappearance of short and long /y/............-.........184 ; Phonological changes affecting the syllable-structure of words in English: the / reduction and loss of vowels in final unstressed syllables..........185 Some divergent consonantal developments in English and German......188 The ‘split’ of the Germanic velar stops jkj and jgj into velar and palatal variants and their further development.....................188 Non-weakening of Germanic jpj and /ƒ/ in English............192 The disappearance of the voiceless fricatives [f] and [x] from the (southern) English consonant system.......................193 The‘Great Vowel Shift’........................195 The early stages: changes in the sub-system of Middle English long vowel phonemes without loss of phonological oppositions............195- The later stages: losses of phonological contrast in the vowel system of Modern (Standard) English....... ]98 The question of the ‘moving factors’...................199 Notes 203 Appendix: On the present state of Middle English dialectology (by Michael Benskin) ... 207 Selected Bibliography................ 209 Glossary...................... 211
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| discipline | Anglistik / Amerikanistik |
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T16:44:32Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | English |
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| physical | 240 S. Kt. |
| publishDate | 1982 |
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| spelling | Berndt, Rolf 1927-1996 Verfasser (DE-588)140924167 aut A history of the English language Rolf Berndt 1. Aufl. Leipzig Verl. Enzyklopädie 1982 240 S. Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Anglais (Langue) - Histoire Englisch Geschichte English language History Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 gnd rswk-swf Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 s Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=004015094&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Berndt, Rolf 1927-1996 A history of the English language Anglais (Langue) - Histoire Englisch Geschichte English language History Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 gnd Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4014777-0 (DE-588)4020517-4 |
| title | A history of the English language |
| title_auth | A history of the English language |
| title_exact_search | A history of the English language |
| title_full | A history of the English language Rolf Berndt |
| title_fullStr | A history of the English language Rolf Berndt |
| title_full_unstemmed | A history of the English language Rolf Berndt |
| title_short | A history of the English language |
| title_sort | a history of the english language |
| topic | Anglais (Langue) - Histoire Englisch Geschichte English language History Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 gnd Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Anglais (Langue) - Histoire Englisch Geschichte English language History |
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