General meteorology:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York [u.a.]
McGraw-Hill
1974
|
| Ausgabe: | 4. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | 1. Aufl. u.d.T.: Byers, Horace R.: Synoptic and aeronautical meteorology |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 461 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0070095000 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Byers, Horace R. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a General meteorology |c Horace Robert Byers |
| 250 | |a 4. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a New York [u.a.] |b McGraw-Hill |c 1974 | |
| 300 | |a XIV, 461 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 500 | |a 1. Aufl. u.d.T.: Byers, Horace R.: Synoptic and aeronautical meteorology | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804120170572021760 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: General meteorology
Autor: Byers, Horace Robert
Jahr: 1974
CONTENTS
Preface to the Fourth Edition xiii
Excerpt from the Preface to the Third Edition xv
Introduction 1
Some Characteristics of the Study 2
Naming the Science 2
Charting Our Course 3
Exercises 5
The Sun, the Earth, and Radiation 6
Features of the Sun 7
Motions of the Earth 8
The Seasons 10
The Tropics and Polar Circles 12
Duration and Intensity of Sunshine 12
The Lag of the Seasons 15
Solar Radiation 16
Types of Heat Transfer 17
Vi CONTENTS
Radiant Energy and Light 19
Blackbody Radiation 19
Definitions 20
Radiation Laws 22
Scattering 27
Absorption in the Atmosphere 29
The Depletion of Solar Radiation in the Atmosphere 30
Transmissivity and Extinction 32
Reflection 33
Greenhouse Effect 34
Exercises 34
3 The Heat Balance of the Atmosphere 36
Solar Radiation and Insolation 37
Terrestrial Radiation 39
Radiation in the Free Atmosphere 41
Radiation Flux and Cooling in the Atmosphere 43
Radiation Charts 46
Heat Balance of the Earth 48
Exercises 52
4 The Distribution of Temperature 53
The Vertical Distribution of Temperature 54
The Stratosphere 55
The Troposphere 57
Tropospheric Subdivisions 61
Horizontal Temperature Distribution 63
Exercises 67
5 Thermodynamics and Statics 68
The Gas Laws 68
The First Law of Thermodynamics 73
Potential Temperature and Stability of Dry Air 89
Exercises 101
6 Water Vapor and Its Thermodynamic Effects 104
Vapor Pressure and Saturation 105
Absolute Humidity 107
Specific Humidity 107
The Mixing Ratio 109
CONTENTS ?²²
Relative Humidity 110
Temperature of the Dew Point 111
Isentropic-Condensation Temperature 111
Variability of Humidity Quantities 111
Water-Vapor Content of an Air Column 112
Change of Phase 115
The Adiabatic Process at Saturation 117
Reversible Adiabatic and Pseudoadiabatic Condensation Processes 119
Equivalent-potential Temperature 119
Wet-Bulb Temperature 121
Conditional Instability 123
Entrainment 124
The Adiabatic Chart and Thermodynamic Diagram 126
Graphical Computations on the Diagrams 131
Properties Used in Tracing Air Parcels 131
Energy Diagrams 132
Layer Stability, Convective Instability 137
Exercises 139
Horizontal Motion in the Atmosphere—The Winds 141
Angular Velocity 142
Angular-Velocity Vector 142
Components of a Point on the Earth 142
Foucault s Pendulum Experiment 144
Centripetal Force 144
Conservation of Angular Momentum 146
Apparent and True Gravity 147
Motions in Accelerating Coordinate Systems 149
Inertial, Noninertial Forces 152
Quantitative Determination in a Rotating Plane 152
Coriolis Acceleration on the Spherical Earth 155
Pressure Gradient 157
Balance of Forces 160
Geostrophic Balance 161
Cyclones and Anticyclones 163
Effects of Friction 164
Motion in a Curved Path 166
Summary of Motions 169
Representation on Constant-Pressure Surfaces 170
Other Properties on Constant-Pressure Surfaces 173
?Ø CONTENTS
Change of the Geostrophic Wind with Height 176
Summary 181
Exercises 181
8 Characteristics of Fluid Flow Applied to the Atmosphere 184
Vorticity 185
Streamline, Stream Function, and Velocity Potential 188
Circulation and Vorticity 191
Circulation and Solenoids 196
Barotropic and Baroclinic Atmospheres 201
Eulerian Expansion 202
Continuity and Divergence 204
Continuity, Angular Momentum, and Vorticity 211
The Tendency Equation 213
Comment 215
Exercises 215
9 The General Circulation 217
Moving Cyclones and Anticyclones 224
Transfer of Angular Momentum 225
Energy Exchange 228
Jet Streams 228
Monsoon Circulations 231
The Oceanic Anticyclones 232
Exercises 233
10 Vertical Structure of Cyclones and Anticyclones 234
Vertical Structure as Shown by the Thermal Wind 236
Reflections on Pressure and Temperature Distributions 238
Dynamic Effects 239
The Nature of Fronts 240
Moving Fronts 245
Cyclones and the Upper Waves 246
Fronts and the Life Cycle of Cyclones 247
Wave Theory of Cyclones 247
Cyclogenesis 250
Simplified Vertical Structure 251
Bergeron s Model of Occluded Cyclones 257
Flow over Shallow Cold Domes 258
CONTENTS IX
Energy of Cyclones 259
Frontogenesis 261
Exercises 264
11 Air Masses, Their Structure and Modification 265
Source Regions of Air Masses 266
Characteristics of Air Masses 267
Processes Determining Air-Mass Characteristics 269
Ocean Heat Exchange and Evaporation 270
The Nature of Vertical Fluxes 272
Summary of Air-Mass Modifications 273
Temperature Inversions 275
Fog 277
Smog 279
Exercises 280
12 Outline of Synoptic Analysis 281
Cross-Section Analysis 282
The D System 285
Isobaric Surfaces 287
Isentropic Analysis 289
Kinematic Analysis 293
Analysis of Divergence 296
Analysis of Vorticity 299
Mesometeorology 300
Exercises 304
13 Tropical Meteorology 305
Zones of Convergence 306
Vertical Structure of the Winds 308
Characteristics of Trade-Wind and Monsoon Air 309
Transverse Waves 310
Tropical Cyclones 312
Exercises 323
14 Quantitative Approaches to Weather Prediction 324
Kinematics of the Surface Chart 326
Movement of the Upper Waves 327
Numerical Prediction 331
X CONTENTS
Finite-Difference Methods 336
Prediction from Vorticity Advection 337
Exercises 340
15 Condensation, Precipitation, and Atmospheric Electricity 341
Size Spectrum of Aerosol Particles 343
Physics of Condensation 345
Solution Effect 348
Growth and Evaporation of Drops 351
Growth of a Population of Droplets 356
Growth and Sublimation of Ice Crystals in Vapor 357
Growth in Mixed Clouds 360
Ice Nucleation 362
Growth by Coalescence 364
Atmospheric Electricity 368
Exercises 373
16 Thunderstorms and Related Phenomena 374
Definition and Relation to Convection 375
Structure and Life Cycle of a Cell 375
Thermodynamics of Entrainment and of the Downdraft 378
Thunderstorm Weather Near the Surface 380
Dry Thunderstorms 384
Night Thunderstorms 385
Development of New Cells 385
Thunderstorm Electricity 389
Hail 391
Tornadoes 393
Waterspouts 397
Appendix A Observations and Station Instruments 399
Measurement of Temperature 399
Humidity Measurements 405
The Measurement of Pressure 409
The Measurement of Wind 416
Measurement of Precipitation 421
Remote Sensing Instrument Systems 426
CONTENTS XI
Appendix B Upper-Air and Cloud Observations 427
Earth-circling, High-Altitude Balloons 431
Soundings with Rockets 431
Satellite Soundings 431
Cloud Classification 432
Meteors 444
Appendix C Units and Constants 449
Units 449
Constants 451
Index 453
|
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| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)749875 (DE-599)BVBBV005971671 |
| dewey-full | 551.5 |
| dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
| dewey-ones | 551 - Geology, hydrology, meteorology |
| dewey-raw | 551.5 |
| dewey-search | 551.5 |
| dewey-sort | 3551.5 |
| dewey-tens | 550 - Earth sciences |
| discipline | Geologie / Paläontologie Physik Geographie |
| edition | 4. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV005971671 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T16:37:50Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0070095000 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-003748110 |
| oclc_num | 749875 |
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| physical | XIV, 461 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 1974 |
| publishDateSearch | 1974 |
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| publisher | McGraw-Hill |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Byers, Horace R. Verfasser aut General meteorology Horace Robert Byers 4. ed. New York [u.a.] McGraw-Hill 1974 XIV, 461 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier 1. Aufl. u.d.T.: Byers, Horace R.: Synoptic and aeronautical meteorology Métérologie Meteorology Meteorologie (DE-588)4038953-4 gnd rswk-swf Meteorologie (DE-588)4038953-4 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003748110&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Byers, Horace R. General meteorology Métérologie Meteorology Meteorologie (DE-588)4038953-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4038953-4 |
| title | General meteorology |
| title_auth | General meteorology |
| title_exact_search | General meteorology |
| title_full | General meteorology Horace Robert Byers |
| title_fullStr | General meteorology Horace Robert Byers |
| title_full_unstemmed | General meteorology Horace Robert Byers |
| title_short | General meteorology |
| title_sort | general meteorology |
| topic | Métérologie Meteorology Meteorologie (DE-588)4038953-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Métérologie Meteorology Meteorologie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003748110&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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