Time in the narrative of the Faerie queene:
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Salzburg
Inst. für Engl. Sprache und Literatur
1973
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Schriftenreihe: | Salzburg studies in English literature
Elizabethan studies ; 5 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | V, 128 S. |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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---|---|
adam_text | Titel: Time in the narrative of the Faerie Queene
Autor: Rodgers, Catherine
Jahr: 1973
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
Page
1
Chapter It The period of the poem. The
narrative of the poem provides an image
of our life in time. The discovery of
this image in the Faerie Oueene is diff-
icult. The knights who seem like the
heroes of epic poems meet creatures who
reflect on our humanity in a different
fashion. Prudentius• Psychomachia is an
example of the kind of narrative suited
to these schematic representations of
human nature. Time is ignored in this
narrative. Spenser insists on a period
for his poem. The mention of British
history shows that the action of the
poem takes place at a certain moment in
time. The denizens of the Faery are
made to seem a part of this past. The
period assigned to the action of the
narrative is not sufficient to provide
the image of our life in time. The
references to history must be made an
integral part of the narrative. 4
Chapter IIi The pattern of the quest. Incidents
in the simplest form of the story of the
guest merely accumulate. The accumula-
tion stops when the guest is achieved.
The passing of time is noted to give a
sense of direction to the accumulation
of incidents. The Tale of Sir Gareth
offers an example of this device.
Spenser s narrative uses the device, but
his arrangement of incidents in time is
more complex. He follows the example of
the Poet historical. 13
Chapter III The unity of time in older epics.
The outcome of the action in the epic
poem is known at the beginning. Mention
of time in the body of the narrative is
related to the time consumed by the whole
action. The example of the Odyssey and
the Aeneld. The immediate action of the
narrative in these poems takes only a
short time. These events are part of a
long series of events for which they
provide a climax. The short space of time
encompassed in the immediate action is
made to reflect on a much greater
length of time. Many diverse incidents
are related, but the narrative does not
lose its sense of direction. These de-
vices are imitated by Tasso to give
unity to his narrative which tells of
several different heroes. The immediate
action is not enforced in the Jerusalem
Delivered by mention of a larger action
as it is in ancient epic. The Faerie
Queene does make the immediate action a
part of a larger action to create the
image of our life in time.
Chapter IV« The narrative of the first two books
of the Faerie Queenel The poet refers
to the larger action of the narrative
very vaguely. This obscurity is pur-
poseful. It teaches us how to read.
The poet makes us meditate on the ap-
pearance of things at the same time
that he makes us look forward to later
events in the narrative. The mention
of passing time is regulated by the need
to make certain aspects of Christian ex-
perience apparent. Explanations about
v* °rigins and future of the Redcross
Knight are governed by the same necessity.
The designs of Providence are shown by the
poet s arrangement of incidents to be only
P®rtiy visible to mortals. We see in the
second book a different arrangement of in-
cidents. More about the origins of the
quest is revealed at the beginning to re-
rlect on the differences between the
themes of the first two books. The dis-
tinction between Faery and Briton is de-
*Ü S?1* ^ n sec°nd book to complement
the distinction between the providential
and mortal view of history in the first
hook, in both books we see that the
* labore worh to accomplish some
end. The arrangement of incidents accord-
ing to the method of the Poet historical
prompts us to consider the relationship
between this end and the ends of Providence
although the narrative itself is not, as it
is in ancient epic, the means by which this
relationship is clarified.
Chapter V. The narrative of the third and
fourth books. The poet continues to
suggest a relationship between the imme-
diate action and action that encompasses
much more time in these books, but his
method changes. Britomart s past and
future as Merlin reveals it encompasses
time in the manner of the first two
books, but the story of the origins of
Amoretta and Belphoebe employs another
method. We learn of a principle whose
power is revealed not only by the passing
of much time, but by the juxtaposition of
the stories of several different champions,
Ariosto s Orlando Furioso illuminates
Spenser s handling of time in these books.
Spenser s interest in vast distances of
time is unlike Ariosto s. The climaxes of
the third and fourth book reflect on the
passing of time in a way that prompts com-
parison with Ovid s management of the mul-
tiplicity of incident in the Metamorphoses.
There the apparently artless juxtaposition
of stories within an history invites us to
perceive relationships that make each sep-
arate story more meaningful. The poet
comments on this meaning obliquely, but
leaves the discovery of relationships to
the reader, Spenser uses in the third and
fourth book the arrangement of incidents
in time which prompts comparisons with an-
cient epic, but also employs a method like
Ovid s to make apparent the greatness of
Venus power. The last three cantos of
the fourth book demonstrate the relation-
ship between lovers and the principle
which impels them to love.
51
Chapter VIi The narrative of the fifth and sixth
books. The narrative of the fifth book
is like that of the third and the fourth.
In the sixth book there i3 less of the
looking forward and backward in time that
characterized the first five books. The
confrontation between youth and old age
in the stories of this book encompass
time and reveal the goodness of Provi-
dence in a way that recalls the contrast
between the immediate action and the
larger action in the earlier books. Both
the fifth and sixth books look on the
history of the world as a cycle of renewal
and decay. The relationship between Briton
and Faery, and past and present is altered
because of this new perspective. The im-
plications of earlier chronicle history are
not ignored, but there is a different em-
phasis in the poet s praise of the past.
78
Chapter VIIi The uses of the narrative in the six
completed hooks of the Faerie Queenël
The arrangement of the incidents in
time in the manner of the Poet histori-
cal varies in the different hooks, but
in all of them assists us in understand-
ing the nature of the different virtues.
The pattern of the guest helps the
reader to make discoveries about the
nature of the virtues, but the achieve-
ment of the guest gives the heroes no
reason for relaxation. The endlessness
of their labor creates a sense of time-
lessness like that of the PBychomachia.
However, the arrangement of incidentsin
time, the alliance between the immediate
action and the larger designs of Provi-
dence give impetus to Spenser s narrative.
The plan for the whole poem mentioned in
the Letter to Raleigh suggests that the
books might have achieved a unity like
that of Tasso s Jerusalem Delivered if
they had been completed. Spenser s com-
putation of time allies his narrative to
those of other epics. His narrative is
repetitious in the manner of ancient epic,
particularly the Aeneld. However, the
ends toward which the immediate action of
the twelve books tended are hidden from us.
The poem s incompleteness accounts for
this in part, but also the poet s view of
Chapter VIH, Time in the Cantos of Mutabilitie.
Faerie Queene suggests in the course
narrative several ways of feeling
about the passage of time. There is a
debate in the Cantos of Mutabilitie
concerning which is the proper view.
Boethiue in the Consolation of Philosophy
offers an earlier version of this debate.
In his treatise we see that mortal an-
guish in time is an inescapable sorrow as
long as man can see no farther than his
own destiny. Philosophy consoles him by
suggesting a different point of view« the
life of the created world in time as it
appears to God. in this view which em-
braces all of time, we see order and
beauty in the created world. Boethius
learns not that his point of view is
erroneous but that it is shortsighted,
ret we see that mortal anguish cannot be
eradicated although it can, by the faith-
ful mind» 130 overlooked. Mutability in
the portion we have of the seventh book
of the Faerie Queene represents the
short-sighted view of time which
causes men much anguish. The debate
between Mutability and Nature shows
that the Titaness challenges the
heavenly powers because she cannot
see the ends toward which events tend.
The poet believes in the purposeful-
ness of the life of the created world
in time, yet he suffers because his
mortality prevents him from seeing the
ends that are also hidden from Mutabil-
ity, The relationship between indivi-
dual destiny and the whole order of
the life of the created world in time,
is something that no man can witness
in his own time. The mystery of the
relationship between the destiny of
the individual and the whole of human
history suggests why the Faerie Queene*s
narrative does not provide those reso-
lutions we find in ancient epic although
it seeks to encompass time in the manner
of those earlier poems,
100
Bibliography
122
|
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title | Time in the narrative of the Faerie queene |
title_auth | Time in the narrative of the Faerie queene |
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title_full | Time in the narrative of the Faerie queene Catherine Rodgers |
title_fullStr | Time in the narrative of the Faerie queene Catherine Rodgers |
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title_short | Time in the narrative of the Faerie queene |
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