Liberty, retrenchment and reform: popular liberalism in the Age of Gladstone, 1860 - 1880
In common with republicanism or socialism in continental Europe, Liberalism in nineteenth-century Britain was a mass movement. By focussing on the period between the 1860s and the 1880s, this book sets out to explain why and how that happened, and to examine the people who supported it, their belief...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge u.a.
Cambridge Univ. Press
1992
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Table of contents Publisher description Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | In common with republicanism or socialism in continental Europe, Liberalism in nineteenth-century Britain was a mass movement. By focussing on the period between the 1860s and the 1880s, this book sets out to explain why and how that happened, and to examine the people who supported it, their beliefs, and the way in which the latter related to one another and to reality. Popular support for the Liberal party was not irrational in either its objectives or its motivations: on the contrary, its dissemination was due to the fact that the programme of reforms proposed by the party leaders offered convincing solutions to some of the problems perceived as being the most urgent at the time. Part I examines popular Liberal attitudes towards issues of economic and social reform, starting from an analysis of what ordinary people thought and the way they expressed it--'the language' of popular Liberalism. As one labour leader put it in 1878, the mainstays of popular Liberalism could be summarised 'in the old watch-word of the Whigs of "Civil and Religious Liberty, Retrenchment and Reform"'. 'Liberty' and 'Retrenchment' are discussed in Part I, which concentrates on questions of contents and rational argument, while 'Reform'--democracy as the hoped-for panacea--is at the core of Part II. The latter gradually switches the focus on communication, and the means whereby the activists managed to involve those of a less developed political consciousness. Here rational arguments and emotional factors are studied as they affected one another, leading to a climax in the last chapter: an investigation of Gladstone's 'rational-charismatic' leadership. |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 476 S. |
| ISBN: | 0521403154 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a In common with republicanism or socialism in continental Europe, Liberalism in nineteenth-century Britain was a mass movement. By focussing on the period between the 1860s and the 1880s, this book sets out to explain why and how that happened, and to examine the people who supported it, their beliefs, and the way in which the latter related to one another and to reality. Popular support for the Liberal party was not irrational in either its objectives or its motivations: on the contrary, its dissemination was due to the fact that the programme of reforms proposed by the party leaders offered convincing solutions to some of the problems perceived as being the most urgent at the time. Part I examines popular Liberal attitudes towards issues of economic and social reform, starting from an analysis of what ordinary people thought and the way they expressed it--'the language' of popular Liberalism. As one labour leader put it in 1878, the mainstays of popular Liberalism could be summarised 'in the old watch-word of the Whigs of "Civil and Religious Liberty, Retrenchment and Reform"'. 'Liberty' and 'Retrenchment' are discussed in Part I, which concentrates on questions of contents and rational argument, while 'Reform'--democracy as the hoped-for panacea--is at the core of Part II. The latter gradually switches the focus on communication, and the means whereby the activists managed to involve those of a less developed political consciousness. Here rational arguments and emotional factors are studied as they affected one another, leading to a climax in the last chapter: an investigation of Gladstone's 'rational-charismatic' leadership. | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | LIBERTY,
RETRENCHMENT
AND REFORM
Popular Liberalism in the Age of Gladstone,
1860-1880
EUGENIO T BIAGINI
Sir James Knolt Research Fellow,
University of Newcastle upon Tyru
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
Cambridge
New York Port Chester
Melbourne Sydney
Contents
List of illustrations page vii
Acknowledgements viii
List of abbreviations * xi
Note on the text xii
Introduction i
Themes and problems I
Who were the popular liberals? 8
A note on the sources 20
PART I LIBERTY AND RETRENCHMENT 30
1 The language of popular liberalism 31
The Bible and the Phrygian cap 31
From the Reformation to the Risorgimento 41
The people against privilege 50
The coming republic ? 60
The Great Republic of the West 6 7
The social contract 84
Independence and laissez-faire:
The pastoral dream 84
The moral economy of free trade 93
Gladstone and the plebeian financial reformers 103
Tory profligacy and Liberal crusades 119
The social question 139
The search for independence : the ways of solidarity 139
Trades unions and civil liberty 148
Exceptions to the rule of laissez-faire: the Factory Acts 164
vi Contents
Exceptions to the rule of laissez-faire: poor relief, the drink question
and municipal socialism 173
Exceptions to the rule of laissez-faire: the land question 184
4 ABti-clericalism 192
Education and human emancipation 192
The 1870 Education Act and its aftermath 198
The dynamic of popular liberal anti-clericalism 217
Free churches in a free state : the disestablishment question 228
PART II REFORM 256
5 The Franchise Question 257
The appeal of the reformers b 257
The platform of plebeian reform 264
The Reform Act of 1867 2 75
The revival of manhood suffrage 278
The missing revival of manhood suffrage 288
The agitation for the Third Reform Bill 295
The end of the agitations 302
6 Parliament and Community 313
Parliament and electors 313
The local community and its self-government 319
The party and its forms 328
Direct representation 337
The Lib-labs and their constituents 346
7 The charismatic leader 369
The need for a charismatic leader 370
The People s William , 1862-1876 379
The Bulgarian agitation and the origins of the demagogue 385
The cult of the leader 395
The epic of Midlothian 405
The GOM in the 1880s 416
Bibliography 426
Index 463
Contents
List of illustrations page vii
Acknowledgements viii
List of abbreviations xi
Note on the text xii
Introduction i
Themes and problems I
Who were the popular liberals? 8
A note on the sources 20
PART I LIBERTY AND RETRENCHMENT 30
1 The language of popular liberalism 31
The Bible and the Phrygian cap 31
From the Reformation to the Risorgimento 41
The ‘people3 * 5 against ‘privilege5 50
The ‘coming republic5? 60
The ‘Great Republic of the West5 67
2 The social contract 84
‘Independence5 and laissez-faire:
The pastoral dream 84
The ‘moral economy5 of free trade 93
Gladstone and the plebeian financial reformers 103
Tory ‘profligacy5 and Liberal crusades 119
3 The social question 139
The search for ‘independence5: the ways of solidarity 139
Trades unions and civil liberty , 148
Exceptions to the rule of laissez-faire: the Factory Acts 164
v
vi Contents
Exceptions to the rule of iaissezfaire: poor relief, the drink question
and municipal socialism 1 73
Exceptions to the rule of laissez-faire: the land question 184
4 Anti-clericalism 192
Education and human emancipation 192
The 1870 Education Act and its aftermath 198
The dynamic of popular liberal anti-clericalism 21 7
‘Free churches in a free state’: the disestablishment question 228
PART II REFORM 256
5 The Franchise Question 257
The appeal of the reformers „ 257
The platform of plebeian reform 264
The Reform Act of 1867 2 75
The revival of‘manhood suffrage’ 278
The missing revival of‘manhood suffrage’ 5 288
The agitation for the Third Reform Bill 2 95
The end of the ‘agitations’ 302
6 Parliament and Community 313
Parliament and electors 3*3
The local community and its self-government 319
The party and its forms 328
‘Direct’ representation 337
The Lib-labs and their constituents 346
7 The charismatic leader 369
The need for a charismatic leader 37°
The‘People’s William’, 1862—1876 379
The Bulgarian agitation and the origins of the ‘demagogue’ 385
The cult of the leader 395
The epic of Midlothian 405
The GOM in the 1880s 416
Bibliography
Index
426
463
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T16:33:49Z |
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| publisher | Cambridge Univ. Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Biagini, Eugenio F. Verfasser aut Liberty, retrenchment and reform popular liberalism in the Age of Gladstone, 1860 - 1880 Eugenio F. Biagini 1. publ. Cambridge u.a. Cambridge Univ. Press 1992 XII, 476 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier In common with republicanism or socialism in continental Europe, Liberalism in nineteenth-century Britain was a mass movement. By focussing on the period between the 1860s and the 1880s, this book sets out to explain why and how that happened, and to examine the people who supported it, their beliefs, and the way in which the latter related to one another and to reality. Popular support for the Liberal party was not irrational in either its objectives or its motivations: on the contrary, its dissemination was due to the fact that the programme of reforms proposed by the party leaders offered convincing solutions to some of the problems perceived as being the most urgent at the time. Part I examines popular Liberal attitudes towards issues of economic and social reform, starting from an analysis of what ordinary people thought and the way they expressed it--'the language' of popular Liberalism. As one labour leader put it in 1878, the mainstays of popular Liberalism could be summarised 'in the old watch-word of the Whigs of "Civil and Religious Liberty, Retrenchment and Reform"'. 'Liberty' and 'Retrenchment' are discussed in Part I, which concentrates on questions of contents and rational argument, while 'Reform'--democracy as the hoped-for panacea--is at the core of Part II. The latter gradually switches the focus on communication, and the means whereby the activists managed to involve those of a less developed political consciousness. Here rational arguments and emotional factors are studied as they affected one another, leading to a climax in the last chapter: an investigation of Gladstone's 'rational-charismatic' leadership. Gladstone, W. E., (William Ewart), 1809-1898 Gladstone, William Ewart 1809-1898 (DE-588)118695207 gnd rswk-swf Liberal Party Liberal Party (Great Britain) Geschichte 1800-1900 Geschichte 1860-1890 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1860-1880 gnd rswk-swf Liberal Party (Groot-Brittannië) gtt Liberalisme gtt Politieke partijen gtt Radicalisme gtt Geschichte Partei Politik Liberalism -- Great Britain -- History -- 19th century Liberalismus (DE-588)4035582-2 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien Great Britain -- Politics and government -- 1837-1901 Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 g Liberalismus (DE-588)4035582-2 s Geschichte 1860-1880 z DE-604 Gladstone, William Ewart 1809-1898 (DE-588)118695207 p Geschichte 1860-1890 z http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/cam041/91019673.html Table of contents http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam041/91019673.html Publisher description HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003580838&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Bamberg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003580838&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Biagini, Eugenio F. Liberty, retrenchment and reform popular liberalism in the Age of Gladstone, 1860 - 1880 Gladstone, W. E., (William Ewart), 1809-1898 Gladstone, William Ewart 1809-1898 (DE-588)118695207 gnd Liberal Party Liberal Party (Great Britain) Liberal Party (Groot-Brittannië) gtt Liberalisme gtt Politieke partijen gtt Radicalisme gtt Geschichte Partei Politik Liberalism -- Great Britain -- History -- 19th century Liberalismus (DE-588)4035582-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)118695207 (DE-588)4035582-2 (DE-588)4022153-2 |
| title | Liberty, retrenchment and reform popular liberalism in the Age of Gladstone, 1860 - 1880 |
| title_auth | Liberty, retrenchment and reform popular liberalism in the Age of Gladstone, 1860 - 1880 |
| title_exact_search | Liberty, retrenchment and reform popular liberalism in the Age of Gladstone, 1860 - 1880 |
| title_full | Liberty, retrenchment and reform popular liberalism in the Age of Gladstone, 1860 - 1880 Eugenio F. Biagini |
| title_fullStr | Liberty, retrenchment and reform popular liberalism in the Age of Gladstone, 1860 - 1880 Eugenio F. Biagini |
| title_full_unstemmed | Liberty, retrenchment and reform popular liberalism in the Age of Gladstone, 1860 - 1880 Eugenio F. Biagini |
| title_short | Liberty, retrenchment and reform |
| title_sort | liberty retrenchment and reform popular liberalism in the age of gladstone 1860 1880 |
| title_sub | popular liberalism in the Age of Gladstone, 1860 - 1880 |
| topic | Gladstone, W. E., (William Ewart), 1809-1898 Gladstone, William Ewart 1809-1898 (DE-588)118695207 gnd Liberal Party Liberal Party (Great Britain) Liberal Party (Groot-Brittannië) gtt Liberalisme gtt Politieke partijen gtt Radicalisme gtt Geschichte Partei Politik Liberalism -- Great Britain -- History -- 19th century Liberalismus (DE-588)4035582-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Gladstone, W. E., (William Ewart), 1809-1898 Gladstone, William Ewart 1809-1898 Liberal Party Liberal Party (Great Britain) Liberal Party (Groot-Brittannië) Liberalisme Politieke partijen Radicalisme Geschichte Partei Politik Liberalism -- Great Britain -- History -- 19th century Liberalismus Großbritannien Great Britain -- Politics and government -- 1837-1901 |
| url | http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/cam041/91019673.html http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam041/91019673.html http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003580838&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003580838&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT biaginieugeniof libertyretrenchmentandreformpopularliberalismintheageofgladstone18601880 |
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