Arms control agreements: a handbook
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York, N.Y.
Praeger
1983
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| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Praeger special studies: Praeger scientific
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 328 S. |
| ISBN: | 0030637090 |
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| adam_text | Contents Introduction...............................................................................................................xiii Chapter 1. Pre-World War II efforts towards multilateral control of arms ... I. The humanitarian rules of war.................................................................. II. The peace treaties....................................................................................... III. The naval treaties....................................................................................... The 1922 Washington Treaty ֊ The 1930 London Treaty — The 1936 London Treaty IV. Attempts to regulate arms trade and production................................... The 1890 Brussels Act ֊ The 1906 Act of Algeciras — The 1919 St Germain Convention — The League of Nations Armaments Year-book — The 1925 Geneva Convention on the arms trade — The 1929 proposal for supervision of arms production V. Limitation of armaments in Central America........................................ VI. The First World Disarmament Conference.......... ................................... Renunciation of war — Armed forces, armaments and defence expen ditures — Chemical, incendiary and bacteriological warfare — Arms trade and manufacture — Verification and sanctions — Moral disarmament Chapter 2. Early United Nations arms control activities................................. I. The UN Charter......................................................................................... II. Nuclear
disarmament................................................................................. The Baruch Plan — The Soviet response — US-Soviet differences — ‘Atoms for Peace’ III. Limitation of armed forces and armaments............................................. Soviet and Western approaches — Soviet and Western disarmament programmes in 1954-55 — The 1955 Geneva Summit IV. Arms confrol conferences in 1958 ......................................................... V. General and complete disarmament.......................................................... The principle of balance ֊֊ Duration and stages — Reduction of armed forces and conventional armaments — Nuclear disarmament — Verification — Peace-keeping 1 1 1 2 4 6 7 12 12 13 15 19 20 Chapter 3. A review of the obligations in the arms control agreements.......... 24 I. Restrictions on nuclear weapon testing.................................................. 24 Partial Test Ban Treaty - Threshold Test Ban Treaty - Peaceful Nuclear Explosions Treaty — Comprehensive test ban vii
II. Strategie arms limitation........................................................................ ABM Treaty — SALT I Interim Agreement — Vladivostok accord SALT II agreements III. Non-proliferation of nuclear weapons.................................................. Non-Proliferation Treaty ( Peaceful uses of nuclear energy, Physical protection of nuclear material, Peaceful nuclear explosions, Vertical proliferation) — Security assurances IV. Prohibition of non-nuclear weapons of mass destruction.................... BW Convention — Chemical weapons — ENMOD Convention Radiological weapons — New weapons of mass destruction V. Measures of restraint in certain environments or geographical areas . . · Certain environments (Outer space, Sea-bed) — Geographical areas (Antarctica, Latin America, Europe) VI. Prevention of war................................................................................... ‘Hot lines’ — Prevention of nuclear accidents — Prevention of nuclear war — Prevention of incidents at sea VII. Humanitarian laws of war..................................................................... Declaration of St Petersburg — Hague Declarations and Conventions — Regulations on submarines and noxious gases — 1925 Geneva Protocol — 1949 Geneva Conventions, (Protocols) — Convention on ‘inhumane’ weapons — Laws of war and disarmament Table 3.1. Nuclear explosions, 1945-81 ....................................................... 25 Table 3.2. Environmental modification......................................................... 52 Table 3.3. Serious accidents involving US
nuclear weapons, 1950-80 .... 76 Figure 3.1. The SALT II aggregate limits......................................................... 34 Figure 3.2. The strategic nuclear warhead inventories of the USA and the USSR, 1972-85............................................................................ 36 Figure 3.3. The nuclear fuel cycle....................................................................42 Figure 3.4. Territorial claims in the Antarctic.................................................. 61 Figure 3.5. The Treaty of Tlatelolco................................................................. 65 Figure 3.6. European theatre nuclear weapons............................................. 72 Chapter 4. Verification and enforcement of arms control obligations............. 90 I. Role and functions of verification............................................................90 II. Acquisition of information under bilateral agreements........................ 90 Strategic arms limitations - Nuclear test limitations III. Acquisition ofinformation under multilateral agreements................... 95 Antarctic Treaty - Outer Space Treaty - Treaty of Tlatelolco - NonProliferation Treaty - Sea-Bed Treaty - Partial Test Ban Treaty ֊ Comprehensive test ban — Prohibitions on biological and chemical weapons — WEU arms limitations — Participation in the verification process — Multilateral verification by satellites IV. Non-compliance with treaty obligations..................................................105 Breaches — Sanctions — International fact-finding — Limits to veri fication
viii
V. Verification institutions............................................................................. 109 US-Soviet Standing Consultative Commission — Multilateral institutions Table 4.1. Satellites for reconnaisance and early warning, launched during 1972-81............................................................................................. 91 Table 4.2. Alleged instances of chemical and biological warfare, 1975-81 . 100 Figure 4.1. Desirable global network of seismograph stations....................... 99 Chapter 5. Arms control agreements: the texts and parties............................112 I. Inrioductory note......................................................................................... 112 Succession — Potential parties — Depositaries — Entry into force — Amendments — Review conferences — Duration and denunciation— Reservations II. Selected pre-World War IIagreements...................................................... 120 Hague Declaration (IV,2) concerning asphyxiating gases, 1899............. 120 Hague convention (IV) respecting the laws and customs of war on land (Annex, excerpt), 1907 ................................................................. 121 Covenant of the League of Nations (excerpt), 1919.............................. 123 Members of the League of Nations Geneva Protocol for the prohibition of the use in war of asphyxiating, poisonous or other gases, and of bacteriological methods of war fare, 1925...................................................................................................124 Pact of Paris (excerpt),
1928...................................................................... 124 III. The post-World War IIagreements............................................................ 125 Charter of the United Nations (excerpt), 1945 ...................................... 125 Members of the United Nations Brussels Treaty of collaboration and collective self-defence among Western European states (excerpt), 1948 ........................................... 126 Geneva Convention (IV) relative to the protection of civilian persons in time of war (excerpt), 1949 ............................................................. 127 Protocols to the 1948 Brussels Treaty of collaboration and collective self-defence among Western European states (excerpt), 1954.......... 131 Statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency (excerpt), 1956.. 134 Members of the International Atomic Energy Agency Antarctic Treaty, 1959.............................................................................. 136 Joint statement by the USA and the USSR of agreed principles for disarmament negotiations, 1961. Exchange of letters between the USA and the USSR................................................................................ 139 Memorandum of understanding between the USA and the USSR regarding the establishment of a direct communications link, 1963 .141 Treaty banning nuclear weapon tests in the atmosphere, in outer space and under water, 1963 ......................................................................... 142 Unilateral statements by the USA, the USSR and the UK regarding reduction of
fissionable materials production: Address by President ix
Johnson (excerpt), Statement by Premier Khrushchev (excerpt) Statement by Prime Minister Douglas-Home (excerpt), 1964 .......... Treaty on principles governing the activities of states in the explora tion and use of outer space, including the Moon and other celestial bodies, 1967......................................................................... · · ՜ ՜ ^ Treaty for the prohibition of nuclear weapons in Latin America (Treaty of Tlatelolco), Additional Protocol I, Additional Protocol II, 1967 . 147 Security Council resolution on security assurances to non-nuclear weapon states, 1968..............................................................................^ Treaty on the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons, 1968.................... 156 Treaty on the prohibition of the emplacement of nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction on the seabed and the ocean floor and in the subsoil thereof, 1971................................................^8 Agreement between the USA and the USSR on measures to improve the direct communications link, 1971................................................160 Agreement between the USA and the USSR on measures to reduce the risk of outbreak of nuclear war, 1971...........................................163 Convention on the prohibition of the development, production and stockpiling of bacteriological (biological) and toxin weapons and on their destruction, 1972.........................................................................163 Agreement between the USA and the USSR on the prevention of incidents on and over the
high seas, 1972...........................................166 Treaty between the USA and the USSR on the limitation of antiballistic missile systems (ABM Treaty), Agreed interpretations and unilateral statements, 1972 .................................................................. 166 Interim agreement between the USA and the USSR on certain measures with respect to the limitation of strategic offensive arms (SALT I Agreement), Protocol, Agreed interpretations and unilateral state ments, 1972....................................................... լ72 Protocol to the Agreement between the USA and the USSR on the prevention of incidents on and over the high seas, 1973 175 Agreement between the USA and the USSR on basic principles of nego tiations on the further limitation of strategic offensive arms, 1973 . 176 Agreement between the USA and the USSR on the prevention of nuclear war, 1973 ................................... 17„ Protocol to the ABM Treaty, 1974 ......................................................շ 77 T,ľ,Lbľ ? ,he USA “d the USSR M thc ¡bnitaiton of und«,: col“« WeaPOn fn,reshold Test В« Treaty), Proto- Joint statement by the USA and ттссо.................. ................... 17^ arms (Vladivostok accord), 1974 °Ո Strateglc offensive Declaration of Ayacucho (excerpt), I974. ............................................. o° ’ .................................................180 x
Agreement between the USA and the USSR amending the 1971 agreement on measures to improve the US-Soviet direct communi cations link, 1975 .................................................................................... 181 Document on confidence-building measures and certain aspects of security and disarmament, included in the Final Act of the Confer ence on Security and Co-operation in Europe, 1975........................... 182 Treaty between the USA and the USSR on underground nuclear explosions for peaceful purposes, Protocol, Agreed statement, 1976........................................................................................................... 184 Agreement between France and the USSR on the prevention of the accidental or unauthorized use of nuclear weapons, 1976 ............... 193 Convention on the prohibition of military or any other hostile use of environmental modification techniques, Understandings relating to the Convention, 1977...............................................................................194 Agreement between the UK and the USSR on the prevention of accidental nuclear war, 1977 ................................................................ 197 Protocol (1) additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the protection of victims of international armed conflicts, 1977.............................................................................. 197 Statements by the USSR, the USA and the UK on security assurances,
1978...........................................................................................................211 Statement by the USSR on the Backfire bomber, 1979...........................212 Treaty between the USA and the USSR on the limitation of strategic offensive arms (SALT II Treaty), Protocol to the Treaty, Agreed statements and common understandings, 1979 .................................. 212 Memorandum of understanding between the USA and the USSR regarding the establishment of a data base on the numbers of strategic offensive arms, 1979.................................................................228 Statement by the USA of data on the numbers of strategic offensive arms as of the date of signature of the SALT II Treaty, 1979.......... 228 Statement by the USSR of data on the numbers of strategic offensive arms as of the date of signature of the SALT II Treaty, 1979..........228 Joint statement by the USA and the USSR of principles and basic guidelines for subsequent negotiations on the limitation of strategic arms, 1979................................................................................................228 Joint US-Soviet communiqué in connection with the signing of the SALT II Treaty (excerpt), 1979 ........................................................... 229 Agreement governing the activities of states on the moon and other celestial bodies, 1979 ............................................................................. 231 Convention on the physical protection of nuclear material, 1980 .... 236 Convention on prohibitions or
restrictions on the use of certain conventional weapons which may be deemed to be excessively injurious or to have indiscriminate effects, Protocol (I) on nondetectable fragments, Protocol (II) on prohibitions or restrictions xi
on the use of mines, booby-traps and other devices, Protocol (HI) on prohibitions or restrictions on the use of incendiary weapons, 1981...................................................................................................... Chapter 6. Status of the implementation of the major multilateral arms control agreements, as of 1 October 1981............................................................ Antarctic-Treaty — Partial Test Ban Treaty - Outer Space Treaty Treaty of Tlatelolco — Non-Proliferation Treaty Sea-Bed Treaty BW Convention — ENMOD Convention Chapter 7. The arms control machinery.................................................................. 290 I. The deliberative bodies..............................................................................290 UN General Assembly — UN Disarmament Commission — UN Studies - UN Security Council - Other deliberative UN bodies - UN Secre tariat — UN specialized agencies II. The negotiating bodies..............................................................................296 Committee on Disarmament — Other multilateral negotiating bodies — Trilateral and bilateral bodies Table 7.1. UN arms control studies...............................................................293 Chapter 8. Summary and conclusions.......................... I. The functions and significance of arms control II. Nuclear tests........................................................ III. Nuclear Weapons................................................ IV. Denuclearized zones........................................... V. Nuclear weapon
proliferation............................ VI. Chemical weapons................................................ VII. Conventional weapons....................................... VIII. Military expenditures....................................... IX.An integrated approach...................................... X. Prospects..................................... Appendix A. Glossary.......................................... Appendix B. Index to the SALT II agreements AppendixC. Bibliography......................... Xll 300 300 302 302 304 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 315 324
Contents Introduction............................................................................................................. xiii Chapter 1. Pre-World War II efforts towards multilateral control of arms ... I. The humanitarian rules of war.................................................................. II. The peace treaties....................................................................................... III. The naval treaties....................................................................................... The 1922 Washington Treaty — The 1930 London Treaty ֊ The 1936 London Treaty IV. Attempts to regulate arms trade and production................................... The 1890 Brussels Act — The 1906 Act of Algeciras — The 1919 St Germain Convention — The League of Nations Armaments Year-book — The 1925 Geneva Convention on the arms trade — The 1929 proposal for supervision of arms production V. Limitation of armaments in Central America........................................ VI. The First World Disarmament Conference............................................ Renunciation of war — Armed forces, armaments and defence expen ditures — Chemical, incendiary and bacteriological warfare — Arms trade and manufacture — Verification and sanctions — Moral disarmament Chapter 2. Early United Nations arms control activities................................. l. The UN Charter......................................................................................... II. Nuclear disarmament.................................................................................
The Baruch Plan — The Soviet response — US-Soviet differences — ‘Atoms for Peace’ III. Limitation of armed forces and armaments............................................. Soviet and Western approaches — Soviet and Western disarmament programmes in 1954-55 — The 1955 Geneva Summit IV. Arms control conferences in 1958 .......................................................... V. General and complete disarmament.......................................................... The principle of balance - Duration and stages — Reduction of armed forces and conventional armaments ֊֊ Nuclear disarmament ֊ Verification — Peace-keeping 1 1 1 2 4 6 7 12 12 13 15 19 20 Chapter 3. A review of the obligations in the arms control agreements.......... 24 I. Restrictions on nuclear weapon testing.................................................. 24 Partial Test Ban Treaty - Threshold Test Ban Treaty ֊ Peaceful Nuclear Explosions Treaty — Comprehensive test ban vii
II. Strategie arms limitation.............................................................................. ABM Treaty - SALT I Interim Agreement ֊ Vladivostok accord SALT II agreements III. Non-proliferation of nuclear weapons...................................................... Non-Proliferation Treaty ( Peaceful uses of nuclear energy, Physical protection of nuclear material, Peaceful nuclear explosions, Vertical proliferation) ֊ Security assurances IV. Prohibition of non-nuclear weapons of mass destruction....................... BW Convention — Chemical weapons — ENMOD Convention — Radiological weapons — New weapons of mass destruction V. Measures of restraint in certain environments or geographical areas ... Certain environments (Outer space, Sea-bed) — Geographical areas (Antarctica, Latin America, Europe) VI. Prevention of war......................................................................................... ‘Hot lines’ — Prevention of nuclear accidents — Prevention of nuclear war — Prevention of incidents at sea VII. Humanitarian laws of war.......................................................................... Declaration of St Petersburg — Hague Declarations and Conventions ֊ Regulations on submarines and noxious gases — 1925 Geneva Protocol - 1949 Geneva Conventions, (Protocols) — Convention on ‘inhumane’ weapons ֊ Laws of war and disarmament Table 3.1. Nuclear explosions, 1945-81 ......................................................... Table 3.2. Environmental modification......................................................... Table 3.3. Serious
accidents involving US nuclear weapons, 1950-80 .... Figure 3.1. The SALT II aggregate limits......................................................... Figure 3.2. The strategic nuclear warhead inventories of the USA and the USSR, 1972-85............................................................................... Figure 3.3. The nuclear fuel cycle................................................................... Figure 3.4. Territorial claims in the Antarctic.................................................. Figure 3.5. The Treaty of Tlatelolco................................................................. Figure 3.6. European theatre nuclear weapons................................................ 29 38 47 56 73 81 25 52 76 34 36 42 61 65 72 Chapter 4. Verification and enforcement of arms control obligations............. 90 I. Role and functions of verification.............................................................. 90 II. Acquisition of information under bilateral agreements.......................... 90 Strategic arms limitations — Nuclear test limitations III. Acquisition of information under multilateral agreements..................... 95 Antarctic Treaty — Outer Space Treaty ֊ Treaty of Tlatelolco — NonProliferation Treaty - Sea-Bed Treaty ֊ Partial Test Ban Treaty — Comprehensive test ban ֊ Prohibitions on biological and chemical weapons ֊ WEU arms limitations ֊ Participation in the verification process - Multilateral verification by satellites I . Son-compliance with treaty obligations.......................................... լ05 Breadles ֊ Sanctions ֊
International fact-finding ֊ Limits to veri fication viii
V. Verification institutions............................................................................ 109 US-Soviet Standing Consultative Commission — Multilateral institutions Table 4.1. Satellites for reconnaisance and early warning, launched during 1972-81............................................................................................ 91 Table 4.2. Alleged instances of chemical and biological warfare, 1975-81 . 100 Figure 4.1. Desirable global network of seismograph stations....................... 99 Chapter 5. Arms control agreements: the texts and parties............................112 I. 1ոԾօւ1սշէօր} note...................................................................................... 112 Succession — Potential parties — Depositaries — Entry into force ֊ Amendments — Review conferences — Duration and denunciation— Reservations II. Selectedpre-World WarIIagreements....................................................... 120 Hague Declaration (IV,2) concerning asphyxiating gases, 1899............. 120 Hague convention (IV) respecting the laws and customs of war on land (Annex, excerpt), 1907 ................................................................ 121 Covenant of the League of Nations (excerpt), 1919.............................. 123 Members of the League of Nations Geneva Protocol for the prohibition of the use in war of asphyxiating, poisonous or other gases, and of bacteriological methods of war fare, 1925.................................................................................................. 124 Pact of Paris (excerpt), 1928
..................................................................... 124 III. The post-World War II agreements............................................................ 125 Charter of the United Nations (excerpt), 1945 ...................................... 125 Members of the United Nations Brussels Treaty of collaboration and collective self-defence among Western European states (excerpt), 1948 ........................................... 126 Geneva Convention (IV) relative to the protection of civilian persons in time of war (excerpt), 1949 ............................................................. 127 Protocols to the 1948 Brussels Treaty of collaboration and collective self-defence among Western European states (excerpt), 1954 .......... 131 Statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency (excerpt), 1956 . . 134 Members of the International Atomic Energy Agency Antarctic Treaty, 1959............................................................................... 136 Joint statement by the USA and the USSR of agreed principles for disarmament negotiations, 1961. Exchange of letters between the USA and the USSR................................................................................ 139 Memorandum of understanding between the USA and the USSR regarding the establishment of a direct communications link, 1963 . 141 Treaty banning nuclear weapon tests in the atmosphere, in outer space and under water, 1963 ......................................................................... 142 Unilateral statements by the USA, the USSR and the UK regarding reduction of
fissionable materials production: Address by President ix
Johnson (excerpt), Statement by Premier Khrushchev (excerpt), Statement by Prime Minister Douglas-Home (excerpt), 1964 .......... 143 Treaty on principles governing the activities of states in the explora tion and use of outer space, including the Moon and other celestial bodies, 1967 ............................................................................................. 145 Treaty for the prohibition of nuclear weapons in Latin America (Treaty of Tlatelolco), Additional Protocol I, Additional Protocol II, 1967 . 147 Security Council resolution on security assurances to non-nuclear weapon states, 1968 ................................................................................ 155 Treaty on the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons, 1968..................... 156 Treaty on the prohibition of the emplacement of nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction on the seabed and the ocean floor and in the subsoil thereof, 1971.................................................158 Agreement between the USA and the USSR on measures to improve the direct communications link, 1971...................................................160 Agreement between the USA and the USSR on measures to reduce the risk of outbreak of nuclear war, 1971............................................163 Convention on the prohibition of the development, production and stockpiling of bacteriological (biological) and toxin weapons and on their destruction, 1972 .......................................................................... 163 Agreement between the USA and the USSR on the prevention
of incidents on and over the high seas, 1972........................................... 166 Treaty between the USA and the USSR on the limitation of antiballistic missile systems (ABM Treaty), Agreed interpretations and unilateral statements, 1972 .......................................................... 166 Interim agreement between the USAandthe USSR on certain measures with respect to the limitation of strategic offensive arms (SALT I Agreement), Protocol, Agreed interpretations and unilateral state ments, 1972 .................................................................................... 172 Protocol to the Agreement between the USA and the USSR on the prevention of incidents on and over the high seas, 1973..................... 175 Agreement between the USA and the USSR on basic principles of nego tiations on the further limitation of strategic offensive arms, 1973 . 176 Agreement between the USA and the USSR on the prevention of nuclear war, 1973 .................................................................................... ηη Protocol to the ABM Treaty, 1974............................................................. 177 Treaty between the USA and the USSR on the limitation of under ground nuclear weapon tests (Threshold Test Ban Treaty), Proto col, 1974 .......................................................................................... լ-yg Joint statement by the USA and the USSR on strategic offensive arms (Vladivostok accord), 1974............................................................ 180 Declaration of Ayacucho (excerpt),
1974.................................................. 180
Agreement between the USA and the USSR amending the 1971 agreement on measures to improve the US-Soviet direct communi cations link, 1975 ................................................................................... 181 Document on confidence-building measures and certain aspects of security and disarmament, included in the Final Act of the Confer ence on Security and Co-operation in Europe, 1975 ......................... 182 Treaty between the USA and the USSR on underground nuclear explosions for peaceful purposes, Protocol, Agreed statement, 1976.......................................................................................................... 184 Agreement between France and the USSR on the prevention of the accidental or unauthorized use of nuclear weapons, 1976 ............... 193 Convention on the prohibition of military or any other hostile use of environmental modification techniques, Understandings relating to the Convention, 1977.............................................................................. 194 Agreement between the UK and the USSR on the prevention of accidental nuclear war, 1977 ................................................................ 197 Protocol (1) additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the protection of victims of international armed conflicts, 1977.............................................................................. 197 Statements by the USSR, the USA and the UK on security assurances, 1978
......................................................................................................... 211 Statement by the USSR on the Backfire bomber, 1979...........................212 Treaty between the USA and the USSR on the limitation of strategic offensive arms (SALT II Treaty), Protocol to the Treaty, Agreed statements and common understandings, 1979 ................................. 212 Memorandum of understanding between the USA and the USSR regarding the establishment of a data base on the numbers of strategic offensive arms, 1979................................................................ 228 Statement by the USA of data on the numbers of strategic offensive arms as of the date of signature of the SALT II Treaty, 1979 .......... 228 Statement by the USSR of data on the numbers of strategic offensive arms as of the date of signature of the SALT II Treaty, 1979 .......... 228 Joint statement by the USA and the USSR of principles and basic guidelines for subsequent negotiations on the limitation of strategic arms, 1979 .............................................................................................. 228 Joint US-Soviet communiqué in connection with the signing of the SALT II Treaty (excerpt), 1979 ........................................................... 229 Agreement governing the activities of states on the moon and other celestial bodies, 1979 ............................................................................ 231 Convention on the physical protection of nuclear material, 1980 .... 236 Convention on prohibitions or restrictions on
the use of certain conventional weapons which may be deemed to be excessively injurious or to have indiscriminate effects, Protocol (I) on nondetectable fragments, Protocol (II) on prohibitions or restrictions xi
on the use of mines, booby-traps and other devices, Protocol (III) on prohibitions or restrictions on the use of incendiary weapons, 1981 .....................................................................................................242 Chapter 6. Status of the implementation of the major multilateral arms control agreements, as of 1 October 1981 ......................................................249 Antarctic-Treaty - Partial Test Ban Treaty - Outer Space Treaty ֊ Treaty of Tlatelolco - Non-Proliferation Treaty - Sea-Bed Treaty ֊ BW Convention - ENMOD Convention Chapter 7. The arms control machinery.......................................................... 290 I. The deliberative bodies........................................................................... 290 UN General Assembly — UN Disarmament Commission — UN Studies - UN Security Council — Other deliberative UN bodies ֊ UN Secre tariat ֊ UN specialized agencies II. The negotiating bodies........................................................................... 296 Committee on Disarmament — Other multilateral negotiating bodies — Trilateral and bilateral bodies Table 7.1. UN arms control studies............................................................ 293 Chapter 8. Summary and conclusions.............................................................300 I. The functions and significance of arms control....................................300 II. Nuclear tests............................................................................................ 302 III. Nuclear
Weapons..................................................................................... 302 IV. Denuclearized zones................................................................................ 304 V. Nuclear weapon proliferation................................................................. 304 VI. Chemical weapons....................................................................................305 VII. Conventional weapons...........................................................................306 VIII. Military expenditures............................................................................. 307 IX. An integrated approach........................................................................ 308 X. Prospects.................................................................................................309 Appendix A. Glossary..................................................................................... ЗЮ Appendix B. Index to the SALT II agreements..............................................315 Appendix C. Bibliography..................................... 324 xil
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| edition | 1. publ. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV005254537 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T16:26:12Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0030637090 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-003269095 |
| oclc_num | 9197420 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-473 DE-BY-UBG |
| owner_facet | DE-473 DE-BY-UBG |
| physical | XIV, 328 S. |
| publishDate | 1983 |
| publishDateSearch | 1983 |
| publishDateSort | 1983 |
| publisher | Praeger |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Praeger special studies: Praeger scientific |
| spelling | Goldblat, Jozef Verfasser aut Arms control agreements a handbook 1. publ. New York, N.Y. Praeger 1983 XIV, 328 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Praeger special studies: Praeger scientific Armements - Contrôle Arms control Rüstungsbegrenzung (DE-588)4115804-0 gnd rswk-swf Rüstungsbegrenzung (DE-588)4115804-0 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bamberg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003269095&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Bamberg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003269095&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Goldblat, Jozef Arms control agreements a handbook Armements - Contrôle Arms control Rüstungsbegrenzung (DE-588)4115804-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4115804-0 |
| title | Arms control agreements a handbook |
| title_auth | Arms control agreements a handbook |
| title_exact_search | Arms control agreements a handbook |
| title_full | Arms control agreements a handbook |
| title_fullStr | Arms control agreements a handbook |
| title_full_unstemmed | Arms control agreements a handbook |
| title_short | Arms control agreements |
| title_sort | arms control agreements a handbook |
| title_sub | a handbook |
| topic | Armements - Contrôle Arms control Rüstungsbegrenzung (DE-588)4115804-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Armements - Contrôle Arms control Rüstungsbegrenzung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003269095&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003269095&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT goldblatjozef armscontrolagreementsahandbook |
Es ist kein Print-Exemplar vorhanden.
Inhaltsverzeichnis