A history of agriculture in India: 1 Beginning to 12th century
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New Delhi
Indian Council of Agricultural Research
1980
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. print. |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXXV, 541 S. Ill., Kt. |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a A history of agriculture in India |n 1 |p Beginning to 12th century |c M. S. Randhawa |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | CONTENTS
FOREWORD in
PREFACE vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xi
CHAPTER 1. BIRTH OF THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT 1
CHAPTER 2. SOILS 8
CHAPTER 3. CLIMATE AND AGRICULTURAL REGIONS 21
CHAPTER 4. VEGETATION 25
CHAPTER 5. THE TERTIARY PERIOD : MIOCENE-PLIOCENE
EPOCHS 44
Apes, Ramapithecus, the Earliest-known Hominid,
and Australopithecines
CHAPTER 6. THE QUATERNARY PERIOD 56
The Pleistocene—The Ice Age; The Arrival of
sapiens-, Manufacture of Stone Tools and Conquest
of Fire
CHAPTER 7. THE HUNTERS AND FOOD-GATHERERS OF THE
MESOLITHIC PERIOD 78
CHAPTER 8. THE NEOLITHIC AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION
IN WESTERN ASIA 10!
Invention of Polished Stone Implements, Discovery
of Agriculture and Domestication of Animals,
7500 b.c.-6500 b.c.
CHAPTER 9. THE CHALCOLITHIC CULTURE IN MESOPOTAMIA 111
Invention of the Plough, Wheel and Metallurgy,
3000 b.c.-1700 b.c.
CHAPTER 10. THE PRE-HARAPPAN PEASANT COMMUNITIES OF
BALUCHISTAN AND THE DOMESTICATION OF ANI-
MALS 115
CHAPTER 11. HARAPPAN CHALCOLITHIC CULTURE IN PAKISTAN 120
Sind and West Punjab, 2300 B.c.-1600 B.c..
CHAPTER 12. HARAPPAN CHALCOLITHIC CULTURE IN INDIA 139
Punjab, Haryana, Jammu, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan,
Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh, c. 2200 b.c.—
1600 b.c.
XVI
A HISTORY OF AGRICULTURE IN INDIA
CHAPTER 13. HARAPPAN AGRICULTURE 156
Cultivation of Wheat, Barley and Cotton
CHAPTER 14. DOMESTIC ANIMALS OF THE HARAPPANS AND POUL-
TRY AND FISH 183
CHAPTER 15. BURZAHOM — A NEOLITHIC RELICT CULTURE
IN A REFUGE AREA 216
r. 2375 b.c.
CHAPTER 16. NEOLITHIC AND CHALCOLITHIC SETTLEMENTS IN
SOUTH INDIA 233
2295 b.c.-1300 b.c. Cultivation of Millets and Pulses
and Discovery of Silk
CHAPTER 17. NEOLITHIC CULTURE OF EASTERN INDIA 262
2000 b.c. Cultivation of Rice, Bananas, Sugarcane
and Yams
CHAPTER 18. THE EARLY ARYANS—A BRONZE AGE PEOPLE 278
Domestication of the Horse, and Migration to India
CHAPTER 19. THE VEDIC AGE 290
1500 b.c.-IOOO b.c. Pastoralism, Hunting and Culti-
vation of Barley
CHAPTER 20. THE LATER VEDIC PERIOD 301
1000 B.C.-600 b.c. Yajur-Veda, Samhitas, and
Brahmanas; The Age of Iron and Painted GreyWare;
The Invention of the Iron Ploughshare and Axe;
Clearance of Jungles, Expansion of Cultivation
CHAPTER 21. THE BUDDHIST PERIOD 323
Sixth Century b.c. Birth of Buddhism and Jainism;
Sacred Groves and Tree-Worship; Expansion of
Cultivation in Bihar and Eastern Uttar Pradesh
CHAPTER 22. THE MAGADHAN EMPIRE 340
Fourth Century b.c. Civic Life, Artisans, Merchants
and Money
CHAPTER 23. RURAL ECONOMY AND ADMINISTRATION OF LAND
IN THE MAGADHAN EMPIRE 352
CHAPTER 24. - AGRICULTURE IN THE MAURYAN AGE 360
322 b.c.-232 b.c.
CHAPTER 25. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY IN THE MAURYAN AGE 365
CHAPTER 26. ASOKA PROMOTES ARBORICULTURE AND HORTI-
CULTURE 379
274 b.c.-237 b.c.
CONTENTS XVÜ
CHAPTER 27. FROM SUNGAS TO THE ÖÄTAVÄHANÄS AND KUSHANS S67
200 B.C.—*a.d. 300; Brick-wells and Improved Agri-
cultural Implements of Iron; Cultivation of Rice and
Coconut Palms
CHAPTER 28. THE KINGDOMS OF SOUTH INDIA 403
Pandyas, Cheras and Cholas; First Century of the
Christian Era to a.d. 300 ; Cultivation of Rice, Ragi
Sugarcane, Pepper and Turmeric, and Tank Irriga-
tion
CHAPTER 29. THE AGE OF THE GUPTAS 410
a.d. 300-a.d. 550; Renaissance in Art, Literature and
Science; High Level of Iron Technology and Pro-
gressive Agriculture
CHAPTER 30. THE KANAUJ EMPIRE OF HARSHAVARDHANA 420
a.d. 606-a.d. 647 ; Life of the People of India and
their Agriculture, as Described in Hiuen-Tsang’s
Si-Yu-Ki and Bana s Harshacharita
CHAPTER 31. THE KINGDOMS OF SOUTH INDIA 436
The Chalukyas and Rashtrakutas of the Deccan;
The Pallavas, Pandyas, Hoysalas and Kakatiyas;
a.d. 535-a.d. 1300; People, Crops and Cattle
CHAPTER 32. THE KINGDOMS OF SOUTH INDIA 437
The Cholas; a.d. 985-a.d. 1205; their Irrigation Systems
CHAPTER 33* VILLAGES OF SOUTH INDIA DURING THE CHOLA
RULE 462
Tenth Century to Twelfth Century; Tenure, Land
Revenue and Rent ; Economic Condition of the Rural
People
CHAPTER 34. RAJPUT KINGDOMS OF NORTHERN INDIA 471
Pratiharas, Gahadvalas, Chauhans, Pramaras and
Chandellas; The Pala and Sena Dynasties of Bengal;
Eighth Century to Eleventh Century; Observations of
Alberuni on India and Indians; Industry, Trade and
Agriculture
CHAPTER 35. OBSERVATIONS OF MEEHAT1THI, TARASHARA AND 482
KASHYAPA ON AGRICULTURE
Ninth Century to Eleventh Century
xviii A HISTORY OF AGRICULTURE IN INDIA
APPENDICES
I. Landmarks in the Evolution of Man, his Culture 491
and Agriculture
II. Radiocarbon Dates of Important Archaeological 494
Sites in India and Pakistan
III. Chronology---Ancient India---Development of 498
Science, Technology and Agriculture, and
Important Personalities and Events
IV. Cultivated Plants in India, and their Places of 501
Origin
V. Select List of Plants Mentioned in Sanskrit 506
Literature
VI. Principal Crops of India and their Sanskrit 510
Names
VII. Principal Domestic Animals of India and their
Sanskrit Names
511
CONTENTS
PREFACE iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xiii
CHAPTER 1. THE RISE AND SPREAD OF ISLAM 1
The Role of the Arab Horse and the Camel; The
Caliphate, and the Conquest of North Africa
and Spain; The Arab Contribution to Science,
Agriculture and Horticulture
CHAPTER 2. THE ARAB CONQUEST OF SIND 10
Ibn HaukaTs Observations on the Country, People
and Crops of Sind; A1 Idrisi’s Account of Gujarat
and Kerala; Land Revenue, Cesses and Taxes in
Sind; Eighth Century a.d. to Eleventh Century a.d.
CHAPTER 3. THE RULE OF THE TURKS 16
Mahmud Ghaznavi, Muhammad Ghori, and the
Slave Kings; a.d. 993-1290; Incursions of Mongols
CHAPTER 4. THE RULE OF THE TURKS 25
The Khaljis; a.d. 1290-1320; The Price Control
Regulations and Revenue Administrative Measures
of Ala-ud-din Khalji; Wretched Condition of the
Peasantry
CHAPTER 5. THE RULE OF THE TURKS 35
The Tughlaks; a.d. 1321-1325; Ghias-ud-din
Tughlak, his Revenue and Postal System
CHAPTER 6. THE RULE OF THE TURKS 38
The Tughlaks; Muhammad-bin-Tughlak; a.d.
1325-1351; Ibn Battuta, the Traveller of Islam;
Experiments in Change of Capital, Paper Money;
Court Ceremonial, System of Gifts
CHAPTER 7. URBAN LIFE UNDER THE SULTANATE 50
City of Delhi, Urban Social Revolution; Society, Food,
Dress, River Transport, Maritime Trade and Culture
CHAPTER 8. RULE OF MUHAMMED-BIN-TUGHLAK 59
The Hindu Peasants, their Habitat, Suttee, Ruin of
the Peasantry of the Gangetic Doab; A Scheme
for Reclamation of Waste-lands
xvi
A HISTORY OF AGRICULTURE IN INDIA
CHAPTER 9. THE SULTANATE 65
Crops, Trees and Fruits; Horse Trade, Coinage,
Weights and Prices of Commodities
CHAPTER 10. FIROZ SHAH TUGHLAK 74
a.d. 1351-1388; Proselytism to Islam, Reversion to
Jagir System, Founding of Hissar, Digging of
Western Jamuna Canal; Laying out of Gardens,
Prosperity of People
CHAPTER 11. SULTANATE OF DELHI 83
a. d. 1398-1526; Invasion of Timur; Sayyids and
Lodi Afghan Dynasties; Slump in Prices of
Foodgrains
CHAPTER 12. HINDU REACTION TO ISLAMIC MONOTHEISM 88
Rise of Bhakti Cult; Ramanand, Vallabha,
Chaitanya and Kabir; Guru Nanak, Prophet
and Farmer; a.d. 1398-1538
CHAPTER 13. THE HINDU EMPIRE OF VIJAYANAGAR 98
a.d. 1336-1646; Irrigation Works, Crops and
Domestic Animals
CHAPTER 14. THE BAHMANI KINGDOM OF THE DECCAN 118
The Sultanates of Deccan, Bengal, Gujarat, Malwa
and Kashmir; Canal Irrigation Schemes of Zain-ul-
abidin in Kashmir Valley; a.d. 1338-1687
CHAPTER 15. THE RULE OF THE MUGHALS 129
Career of Zehir-ud-din Muhammad Babur;
Conquest of Kabul and India; Observations on
the Country, Villages and Peasants of India in
the Babur-nama a.d. 1483-1530
CHAPTER 16. GARDENS OF BABUR IN KABUL AND INDIA 137
Observations on Fruits and Flowers in the Babur-nama
CHAPTER 17. OBSERVATIONS OF BABUR ON THE ANIMALS AND 153
BIRDS OF INDIA
CHAPTER 18. THE RULE OF THE MUGHALS 165
Humayun; a.d. 1530-1540 and a.d. 1555-1556;
Administration, the Founding of Dinpanah; Exile in
Iran and Import of Irani Artists
CHAPTER 19. AN AFGHAN INTERLUDE 168
Rule of Sher Shah Suri; a.d. 1540-1545; Reform of
Land Revenue Administration; Protection of
Cultivators; Construction of Roads and Sarais
CONTENTS
xvii
CHAPTER 20. QUEST FOR SPICES 176
Portuguese Advances in Navigation; Discovery of
the New World; Portuguese in India; Introduction
of the New World Plants in India by the Portuguese;
a.d. 1498-1580
CHAPTER 21. AKBAR THE GREAT 191
a.d. 1555-1605; Companions and Advisers of
Akbar—Faizi and Abu-1 Fazl; Liberal Treatment of
Hindus, Building of Fatehpur Sikri; Rise of a
New Architecture and Mughal Painting; A Scientific
Enquiry into Religions
CHAPTER 22. ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS OF AKBAR 201
Todar Mai’s Land Revenue Regulations; Adminis-
trative Divisions, Village Administration; Needy
Peasants and Small Holdings
CHAPTER 23. CROPS, AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, FORESTS AND 211
FISHERIES IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY
CHAPTER 24. GARDENS OF AKBAR 218
Flowering Trees, Shrubs and Climbers in Mughal
Gardens
CHAPTER 25. FRUITS AND VEGETABLES GROWN IN INDIA DURING
THE REIGN OF AKBAR 226
CHAPTER 26. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY IN INDIA IN THE SIXTEENTH
CENTURY 233
Elephants
CHAPTER 27. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY IN INDIA IN THE SIXTEENTH
AND SEVENTEENTH CENTURIES 240
Horses, Mules, Asses, Camels, Cows, Buffaloes, Goats
and Sheep
CHAPTER 28. JAHANGIR, THE NATURALIST 252
Pelsaert’s Account of City of Agra; Jahangir’s
observations on Birds and Animals; Introduction of
the Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) in India; Ravages
of Plague; a.d. 1616-1624
CHAPTER 29. OBSERVATIONS OF JAHANGIR ON FRUITS AND
FLOWERS 261
Horticultural Plants of Agra and Kashmir; Jahangir’s
Gardens in Punjab and Kashmir
CHAPTER 30. SHAH J AH AN 273
a.d. 1628-1658; The Age of Grandeur; Construction
• • •
XVlll
A HISTORY OF AGRICULTURE IN INDIA
CHAPTER 31.
CHAPTER 32.
CHAPTER 33.
CHAPTER 34.
CHAPTER 35.
CHAPTER 36
APPENDIX,
INDEX
of Red Fort, Jama Masjid and the City of Shahjaha-
nabad; Gardens in Kashmir and Punjab; Digging of
West Jamuna and Hasli Canals
CROPS IN INDIA IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY
Cultivation of Jute; Spread of Tobacco Culti-
vation; Observations of Francisco Pelsaert, Francois
Bernier and Niccolao Manucci on the Crops and
Fruit Plants
TRADE, COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY
Imports and Exports, Pilgrimages; Modes of Travel
and Sarais in the Seventeenth Century
THE RULE OF AURANGZEB AND SUCCESSORS
a.d. 1658-1748; Murshid Quli Khan’s Revenue
System in Deccan; Famine in northern India, Plague
in Deccan, Earthquake in Delhi; Construction
of Eastern Jamuna Canal by Muhammed Shah
INCREASED BURDEN OF TAXATION ON PEASANTS
Miserable Condition of Peasants, Peasant Revolts,
Jats and Satnamis
MAHARASHTRA, THE MARATHA COUNTRY
The Marathas, Sivaji, an Outstanding Leader; The
Maratha Revolt, its Cultural and Economic Causes;
Failure due to a Poor Agricultural Base
RISE OF SIKHISM
Martyrdom of Guru Arjan, Sikhs become Millitant;
Role of Khatris and Jats in Sikhism, Martyrdom of
Guru Tegh Bahadur; Guru Gobind Singh and the
Creation of the Khalsa; Revolt of Banda Bahadur
and his Land Reforms in the East Punjab; Guerrilla *
Warfare and the Rakhi system
CHRONOLOGY OF DYNASTIES, KINGS AND CHIEF
EVENTS IN THE MEDIAEVAL PERIOD
280
293
303
311
318
326
334
345
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| spelling | Randhawa, Mohindar Singh 1909-1986 Verfasser (DE-588)127016910 aut A history of agriculture in India 1 Beginning to 12th century M. S. Randhawa 1. print. New Delhi Indian Council of Agricultural Research 1980 XXXV, 541 S. Ill., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier (DE-604)BV005014704 1 Digitalisierung UB Bamberg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003063792&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Randhawa, Mohindar Singh 1909-1986 A history of agriculture in India |
| title | A history of agriculture in India |
| title_auth | A history of agriculture in India |
| title_exact_search | A history of agriculture in India |
| title_full | A history of agriculture in India 1 Beginning to 12th century M. S. Randhawa |
| title_fullStr | A history of agriculture in India 1 Beginning to 12th century M. S. Randhawa |
| title_full_unstemmed | A history of agriculture in India 1 Beginning to 12th century M. S. Randhawa |
| title_short | A history of agriculture in India |
| title_sort | a history of agriculture in india beginning to 12th century |
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