Negation in English speech and writing: a study in variation
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
San Diego [u.a.]
Acad. Press
1991
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Quantitative analyses of linguistic structure
4 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIX, 353 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0126961301 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Negation in English
Speech and Writing
A Study in Variation
Gunnel Tottie
Department of English
University of Uppsala
Uppsala, Sweden
Academic Press, Inc
Harcouri Brace Jovanovich, Publishers
San Diego New York Boston
London Sydney Tokyo Toronto
CONTENTS
Preface xiii
Notation Conventions and Abbreviations xvii
1 Introduction 1
1 1 Aims 1
1 2 Earlier Work on Negation 3
1 3 Defining Negation and Spoken and Written Discourse 6
1 4 Theoretical Background and Methodology 10
1 5 Material 12
1 6 Reader s Guide 13
Notes 14
2 Toward a Pragmatic Theory of Negation 15
2 1 Previous Work 15
2 2 The Frequency of Negation in Spoken and Written Discourse 16
2 3 Uses of Negation in Spoken and Written Discourse 19
2 4 Where Do Negative Sentences Come From? 24
Notes 29
3 Why Is There Twice as Much Negation
in Spoken as in Written Discourse? 31
3 1 Introduction 31
3 2 Step One: Discourse Functions of Negative Sentences
in Spoken English 33
X Contents
3 3 Step Two: Mental Verbs and Modals in Spoken and Written English 38
3 4 Frequency of Negation and Speaker Involvement 42
Notes 43
4 Affixal Negation in Speech and Writing—
A Question of Discourse Strategy 45
4 1 The Frequency of Affixal-Negation in Speech and Writing 45
4 2 Prefixal Adjectives in Speech and Writing 47
4 3 Extending the Samples 47
4 4 Syntactic Differences between Affixal and Nonaffixal Negation 49
4 5 Semantic Differences between Affixal and Nonaffixal Negation:
The Problem of Gradable Adjectives 50
4 6 Discourse Strategy and the Choice of Affixal or Nonaffixal Negation 55
Notes 59
5 Constraints on Affixal and Nonaffixal Negation 61
5 1 Introduction 61
5 2 Obligatory Affixal Negation 63
5 3 Obligatory Nonaffixal Negation 70
5 4 Constraints on Variants of Negation 76
5 5 Affixal Negation and Discourse Strategy 84
Notes 85
6 /Vof-Negation versus A/o-Negation: An Introduction
to the Problem 87
6 1 Introduction 87
6 2 Terminology 89
6 3 The Problem of Semantic Equivalence 90
6 4 Previous Work 97
Notes 102
7 A/of-Negation and A/o-Negation in Speech and Writing:
Material, Method, and Problems of Variability and
Semantic Equivalence 105
7 1 Introduction 105
7 2 Material and Method: Plan of the Investigation 106
Contents xi
7 3 Testing Acceptability and Semantic Equivalence of Variants 114
7 4 Actual Variability of Sentences with Nor-Negation and No-Negation 117
7 5 Semantic Nonequivalence of Variants 121
7 6 Summary 135
Notes 137
8 Overall Results and Factor Assignment: Global Factors 139
8 1 Overall Results 139
8 2 Detailed Description of Factor Assignment
and Tagging of the Material 141
8 3 Global Factors 142
8 4 Adverbs 143
8 5 Contrastive Constructions and Noncontrastive
Coordinated Constructions 161
8 6 Contrastive Constructions 163
8 7 Noncontrastive Coordinated Constructions 171
8 8 Collocations and Idioms 177
8 9 Litotes 184
8 10 Summary and Conclusions: Variable Rule Analysis 186
Notes * 188
9 Specific Factors I: Verbal Factors 191
9 1 Specific Factors 191
9 2 Verbal Factors 191
9 3 Verb Types and the Choice of M?/-Negation or No-Negation 192
9 4 Sentences with BE 195
9 5 BE as Copula 196
9 6 Existential Constructions with BE 206
9 7 Sentences with HAVE; Excursus on Do-Support with HAVE 209
9 8 Sentences with Stative HAVE 211
9 9 Sentences with Nonstative HAVE 215
9 10 Sentences with Lexical Verbs 218
9 11 Verb Phrase Complexity 223
9 12 Verb Type and the Choice of Negation:
Frequency and Linguistic Conservatism 231
9 13 Discourse Factors and the Choice of Nor-Negation or No-Negation 235
9 14 Variable Rule Analysis and Conclusions 249
Notes 251
xii Contents
10 Specific Factors II: Factors Pertaining
to the Incorporating Element 253
10 1 Defining Indefinite Incorporating Elements 253
10 2 The Distribution of No/-Negation and No-Negation over Different
Types of Indefinite Incorporating Elements: An Overview 256
10 3 Premodification of Nominal Indefinite Incorporating Elements 257
10 4 Postmodification of Nominal and Pronominal Indefinite
Incorporating Elements 263
10 5 Indefinite Incorporating Elements in Prepositional Phrases 264
10 6 Pronouns as Indefinite Incorporating Elements 274
10 7 Adverbs Other than Ever as Indefinite Incorporating Elements 281
10 8 Variation between Never and Not Ever 284
10 9 Adjectives, Quantifiers, and Determiners as Indefinite
Incorporating Elements 292
10 10 Neither Nor versus Not Either Or 293
10 11 More and Less as Indefinite Incorporating Elements 296
10 12 Any, Ever, and No/-Contraction 299
10 13 Variable Rule Analysis and Summary 308
Notes 312
11 Negation in Spoken and Written English:
Summary and Discussion 313
11 1 At the End of the Road 313
11 2 The Pragmatics of Negation in Speech and Writing 313
11 3 Morphosyntactic Variation 316
11 4 Affixal versus Nonaffixal Negation 317
11 5 Noz-Negation and No-Negation 319
11 6 Language Variation: Stability and Change 327
11 7 Variability, Negative Polarity Items, and Nonspecific Reference 328
11 8 Prominence and the Choice between No/-Negation
and No-Negation 329
11 9 Observations on Methodology 330
11 10 Envoi 331
Notes 331
References 333
Index 341
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Tottie, Gunnel |
| author_facet | Tottie, Gunnel |
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| author_sort | Tottie, Gunnel |
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| dewey-full | 425 |
| dewey-hundreds | 400 - Language |
| dewey-ones | 425 - Grammar of standard English |
| dewey-raw | 425 |
| dewey-search | 425 |
| dewey-sort | 3425 |
| dewey-tens | 420 - English & Old English (Anglo-Saxon) |
| discipline | Anglistik / Amerikanistik |
| format | Book |
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T16:16:55Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0126961301 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XIX, 353 S. graph. Darst. |
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| series2 | Quantitative analyses of linguistic structure |
| spelling | Tottie, Gunnel Verfasser aut Negation in English speech and writing a study in variation Gunnel Tottie San Diego [u.a.] Acad. Press 1991 XIX, 353 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Quantitative analyses of linguistic structure 4 Engelska språket - Negationer Gesprochene Sprache (DE-588)4020717-1 gnd rswk-swf Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 gnd rswk-swf Schriftsprache (DE-588)4129492-0 gnd rswk-swf Negation (DE-588)4137553-1 gnd rswk-swf Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 s Negation (DE-588)4137553-1 s Gesprochene Sprache (DE-588)4020717-1 s Schriftsprache (DE-588)4129492-0 s DE-604 Quantitative analyses of linguistic structure 4 (DE-604)BV000008684 4 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002913579&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Tottie, Gunnel Negation in English speech and writing a study in variation Quantitative analyses of linguistic structure Engelska språket - Negationer Gesprochene Sprache (DE-588)4020717-1 gnd Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 gnd Schriftsprache (DE-588)4129492-0 gnd Negation (DE-588)4137553-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4020717-1 (DE-588)4014777-0 (DE-588)4129492-0 (DE-588)4137553-1 |
| title | Negation in English speech and writing a study in variation |
| title_auth | Negation in English speech and writing a study in variation |
| title_exact_search | Negation in English speech and writing a study in variation |
| title_full | Negation in English speech and writing a study in variation Gunnel Tottie |
| title_fullStr | Negation in English speech and writing a study in variation Gunnel Tottie |
| title_full_unstemmed | Negation in English speech and writing a study in variation Gunnel Tottie |
| title_short | Negation in English speech and writing |
| title_sort | negation in english speech and writing a study in variation |
| title_sub | a study in variation |
| topic | Engelska språket - Negationer Gesprochene Sprache (DE-588)4020717-1 gnd Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 gnd Schriftsprache (DE-588)4129492-0 gnd Negation (DE-588)4137553-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Engelska språket - Negationer Gesprochene Sprache Englisch Schriftsprache Negation |
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