Groundwater contamination risk assessment: a guide to understanding and managing uncertainties
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Wallingford
1990
|
| Schriftenreihe: | International Association of Hydrological Sciences: IAHS-AISH publication
196 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XI, 204 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0947571728 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Groundwater contamination risk assessment |b a guide to understanding and managing uncertainties |c by The International Commission on Groundwater Working Group on Groundwater Contamination Risk Assessment. Eric Reichard ... |
| 264 | 1 | |a Wallingford |c 1990 | |
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| 650 | 7 | |a Aguas subterraneas |2 larpcal | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Groundwater flow | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Groundwater |x Pollution |x Management | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Hydrology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Pollution |x Risk assessment | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Risk management | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Reichard, Eric |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
| 710 | 2 | |a International Association of Hydrological Sciences |b Working Group on Ground Water Contamination Risk Assessment |e Sonstige |0 (DE-588)1300030-5 |4 oth | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804118809822363648 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Groundwater contamination risk assessment
Autor: Reichard, Eric
Jahr: 1990
LIST OF CONTENTS
Foreword .................................................vii
Acknowledgments ............................................ viii
Executive Summary ............................................ ix
1 Introduction..............................................1
1.1 Risk Assessment and Risk Management................... 1
1.2 Uncertainties Inherent in Groundwater
Contamination Risk Assessment ........................ 5
1.3 Overview of Monograph .............................. 8
References ........................................ 10
2 Sources of Groundwater Contamination........................ 11
2.1 Land Disposal of Municipal and Industrial Waste .......... 13
2.2 Sewage Treatment and Disposal ....................... 13
2.3 Land Application of Liquid Wastes ..................... 14
2.4 Spills and Leaks from Storage and Transport of
Liquids .......................................... 14
2.5 Well Injection of Liquid Wastes........................ 15
2.6 Agricultural Activities ............................... 15
2.7 Mining Activities................................... 15
2.8 Radioactive Waste.................................. 16
2.9 Naturally Occurring Poor-Quality Water ................. 16
2.10 Surface Water and Atmospheric Contaminants............. 16
2.11 Conclusions....................................... 17
References ........................................ 18
3 The Fate and Transport of Chemicals in Groundwater............. 19
3.1 Contaminant Release ................................ 19
3.2 Fate and Transporten Unsaturated Zone................. 22
3.3 Saturated Transport..................................25
3.4 Multiphase Flow....................................26
3.5 Biochemical Processes................................26
3.6 Groundwater Monitoring..............................27
3.7 Conclusions........................................34
References ........................................36
4 Estimating Human Exposure to Groundwater Contaminants.........41
4.1 Exposure Assessment Methodology ...................... 42
4.2 Estimating Population Exposure Levels ................... 44
4.3 Monitoring at Supply Wells............................ 44
4.4 Conclusions........................................ 45
References ........................................ 46
5 Consequences of Exposure: Dose-Response Assessment ...........47
5.1 Introduction and Basic Concepts ........................47
5.2 The Basic Criteria for the Definition of Safe Doses .........55
5.3 Basic Mathematical Aspects of Dose-Response Analysis.......59
5.4 The Main Mathematical Models for Experimental
Carcinogenic Dose-Response Fitting and Their
Low-Dose Trends ...................................61
5.5 Basic Statistical Aspects of Experimental
Dose-Response Model Fitting ..........................67
5.6 The Use of Epidemiological Data .......................77
5.7 Practical Problems in Dose-Response Assessment
Related to Drinking Water ............................79
5.8 Conclusions........................................81
References ........................................82
6 Evaluating Groundwater Monitoring Strategies
in a Decision-Analytic Framework............................87
6.1 Methodology for Evaluating the
Worth of Hydrogeologie Data ..........................88
6.2 Example Computation of the Value
of Perfect Exposure Information ........................93
6.3 Quantifying the Value of Imperfect Sample Information.......96
6.4 Conclusions........................................97
References .......................................100
7 Characterizing and Managing Groundwater Contamination Health
Risks Under Uncertainty: An Economic Framework............. 101
7.1 Introduction ...................................... 101
7.2 Benefit-Cost Analysis: A Conceptual Framework
for Evaluating Management Options ....................102
7.3 Valuing Reductions in Risk to Human Health:
Issues and Uncertainty............................... 104
7.4 Discounting: Accounting for the Timing of Risk ........... 109
7.5 Risk Attributes and Risk Perception .................... 113
7.6 Using Economic and Related Analytic Methods to
Inform Decision-Making Under Uncertainty............... 118
7.7 Conclusions....................................... 122
References ....................................... 124
8 Institutional Strategies for Coping with Uncertainties
in Groundwater Contamination Health Risk Assessments.......... 127
8.1 Introduction ...................................... 127
8.2 Uncertainties in Risk Assessment....................... 128
8.3 Approaches to Risk Assessment........................ 134
8.4 Conclusions....................................... 144
References ....................................... 145
9 Normative Guidance for Risk Assessment ..................... 149
9.1 Introduction ...................................... 149
9.2 Statutory and Moral Guidance for Risk Assessment......... 149
9.3 Regulatory Statutes and Normative Guidance ............. 151
9.4 U.S. Environmental Statutes Protecting Groundwater........ 153
9.5 Groundwater Protection Laws and Risk Assessment......... 159
9.6 Moral Guidance for Risk Assessment ................... 161
9.7 Summary of Policy Guidance for Risk Assessment.......... 167
9.8 Risk Assessment Design ............................. 168
9.9 Conclusions....................................... 172
References ....................................... 173
10 Conclusions............................................ 177
10.1 Uncertainties and Risk Management in
Groundwater Contamination Risk Assessment............. 177
10.2 Priority Setting .................................... 182
10.3 Relative Importance of Groundwater Contamination Risks . . . 182
10.4 Needs for Future Work.............................. 183
References ....................................... 184
Appendix I: Assumptions for Inferences in Carcinogen
Risk Assessment ............................... 185
Appendix II: Actual Risk Assessments Reported for
Ethylene Dibromide, Benzene and Alar .............. 189
Appendix HI: United States Laws Regulating
Exposure to Carcinogens ......................... 191
Appendix IV: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Drinking Water Regulations....................... 197
Index...................................................... 203
ø
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| language | English |
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| physical | XI, 204 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1990 |
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| spelling | Groundwater contamination risk assessment a guide to understanding and managing uncertainties by The International Commission on Groundwater Working Group on Groundwater Contamination Risk Assessment. Eric Reichard ... Wallingford 1990 XI, 204 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier International Association of Hydrological Sciences: IAHS-AISH publication 196 Aguas subterraneas larpcal Groundwater flow Groundwater Pollution Management Hydrology Pollution Risk assessment Risk management Reichard, Eric Sonstige oth International Association of Hydrological Sciences Working Group on Ground Water Contamination Risk Assessment Sonstige (DE-588)1300030-5 oth International Association of Hydrological Sciences: IAHS-AISH publication 196 (DE-604)BV000895839 196 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002882034&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Groundwater contamination risk assessment a guide to understanding and managing uncertainties International Association of Hydrological Sciences: IAHS-AISH publication Aguas subterraneas larpcal Groundwater flow Groundwater Pollution Management Hydrology Pollution Risk assessment Risk management |
| title | Groundwater contamination risk assessment a guide to understanding and managing uncertainties |
| title_auth | Groundwater contamination risk assessment a guide to understanding and managing uncertainties |
| title_exact_search | Groundwater contamination risk assessment a guide to understanding and managing uncertainties |
| title_full | Groundwater contamination risk assessment a guide to understanding and managing uncertainties by The International Commission on Groundwater Working Group on Groundwater Contamination Risk Assessment. Eric Reichard ... |
| title_fullStr | Groundwater contamination risk assessment a guide to understanding and managing uncertainties by The International Commission on Groundwater Working Group on Groundwater Contamination Risk Assessment. Eric Reichard ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Groundwater contamination risk assessment a guide to understanding and managing uncertainties by The International Commission on Groundwater Working Group on Groundwater Contamination Risk Assessment. Eric Reichard ... |
| title_short | Groundwater contamination risk assessment |
| title_sort | groundwater contamination risk assessment a guide to understanding and managing uncertainties |
| title_sub | a guide to understanding and managing uncertainties |
| topic | Aguas subterraneas larpcal Groundwater flow Groundwater Pollution Management Hydrology Pollution Risk assessment Risk management |
| topic_facet | Aguas subterraneas Groundwater flow Groundwater Pollution Management Hydrology Pollution Risk assessment Risk management |
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