Maring hunters and traders: production and exchange in the Papua New Guinea highlands
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Berkeley u.a.
Univ. of California Press
1990
|
Schriftenreihe: | Studies in Melanesian anthropology
8 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XXII, 401 S. Ill. |
ISBN: | 0520068408 |
Internformat
MARC
LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 cb4500 | ||
---|---|---|---|
001 | BV004566354 | ||
003 | DE-604 | ||
007 | t | ||
008 | 911017s1990 a||| |||| 00||| engod | ||
020 | |a 0520068408 |9 0-520-06840-8 | ||
035 | |a (OCoLC)20827348 | ||
035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV004566354 | ||
040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakddb | ||
041 | 0 | |a eng | |
049 | |a DE-12 |a DE-739 | ||
050 | 0 | |a DU740.42 | |
082 | 0 | |a 306.3/0899912 |2 20 | |
100 | 1 | |a Healey, Christopher |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
245 | 1 | 0 | |a Maring hunters and traders |b production and exchange in the Papua New Guinea highlands |c Christopher Healey |
264 | 1 | |a Berkeley u.a. |b Univ. of California Press |c 1990 | |
300 | |a XXII, 401 S. |b Ill. | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
490 | 1 | |a Studies in Melanesian anthropology |v 8 | |
650 | 7 | |a Handel |2 gtt | |
650 | 4 | |a Maring (Peuple de Nouvelle-Guinée) - Chasse | |
650 | 4 | |a Maring (Peuple de Nouvelle-Guinée) - Commerce | |
650 | 7 | |a Maring (peuple de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée) - Chasse |2 ram | |
650 | 7 | |a Maring (peuple de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée) - Commerce |2 ram | |
650 | 7 | |a Maring (volk) |2 gtt | |
650 | 7 | |a Troc - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée |2 ram | |
650 | 4 | |a Échange, Théorie de l' (Économie politique) - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée | |
650 | 4 | |a Écologie humaine - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée | |
650 | 7 | |a Écologie humaine - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée |2 ram | |
650 | 4 | |a Exchange |z Papua New Guinea | |
650 | 4 | |a Human ecology |z Papua New Guinea | |
650 | 4 | |a Maring (Papua New Guinean people) |x Commerce | |
650 | 4 | |a Maring (Papua New Guinean people) |x Hunting | |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Subsistenzwirtschaft |0 (DE-588)4058331-4 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Tauschhandel |0 (DE-588)4117176-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Ethnologie |0 (DE-588)4078931-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Maring |g Papua |0 (DE-588)4228780-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Handel |0 (DE-588)4023222-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Jagd |0 (DE-588)4027955-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
689 | 0 | 0 | |a Maring |g Papua |0 (DE-588)4228780-7 |D s |
689 | 0 | 1 | |a Tauschhandel |0 (DE-588)4117176-7 |D s |
689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
689 | 1 | 0 | |a Maring |g Papua |0 (DE-588)4228780-7 |D s |
689 | 1 | 1 | |a Ethnologie |0 (DE-588)4078931-7 |D s |
689 | 1 | |5 DE-604 | |
689 | 2 | 0 | |a Maring |g Papua |0 (DE-588)4228780-7 |D s |
689 | 2 | 1 | |a Jagd |0 (DE-588)4027955-8 |D s |
689 | 2 | |5 DE-604 | |
689 | 3 | 0 | |a Maring |g Papua |0 (DE-588)4228780-7 |D s |
689 | 3 | 1 | |a Handel |0 (DE-588)4023222-0 |D s |
689 | 3 | 2 | |a Subsistenzwirtschaft |0 (DE-588)4058331-4 |D s |
689 | 3 | |5 DE-604 | |
830 | 0 | |a Studies in Melanesian anthropology |v 8 |w (DE-604)BV001335490 |9 8 | |
856 | 4 | 2 | |m HEBIS Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002809062&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1805084679683964928 |
---|---|
adam_text |
MARING
HUNTERS
AND
TRADERS
Production
and Exchange
in the Papua
New Guinea
Highlands
Christopher Healey
Contents
Preface xiii
A Note on Conventions xxi
Introduction 1
Trade as an Analytic Category 5
A Model of Trade 7
1 The Kundagai: Environment and Society 13
The Physical Environment 15
Vegetation and Ecological Zones 18
Effects of Human Activity on the Environment 24
Population Density 26
Kundagai Social Organization 28
Population and Settlement Patterns 34
Marriage Patterns 36
Social Status 40
The Spirit World 44
A History of Settlement 47
Territoriality and Redistribution of Land Rights 49
2 The Uses and Significance of Plumes 60
Birds Used in Decorations 60
Storage and Life of Plumes 65
viii Contents
Decorations
The Social Significance of Plume Use
3 Hunting and Its Regulation
Hunting Methods and Productivity
Hunting Restrictions
Intensity and Effects of Hunting
4 Valuables and Prestations
Trade and Prestation
Valuables
Prestations
Prestations in Relation to Marriage Patterns
5 The Structure of Trade
Trade Transactions
Directions of Trade
Bird Plumes
Marsupial Furs
Minor Animal Products
Local Live Animals
Other Minor Local Products
Salt
Pigs
Shells
Cutting Tools
Pigments
Other Minor Goods of European Manufacture
Money
Summary of the Flow of Goods in Trade Through
Tsuwenkai
Maintenance of the Trade System
Conclusion
6 The Development of Trade
Overview of Change
Intensification of Trade
The Peripheralization of the Kundagai
Conclusion
Contents ix
7 Exchange Rates 271
Exchangeability of Items 275
Exchange Rates, Past and Present 278
Conclusion 310
8 Utilitarianism, Sociability, and the Organization
of Trade 314
Overt Reasons for Trade 316
Occasions for Trade and the Conduct of
Transactions 322
Trade and Sociability 327
Conclusion 350
Appendixes
1 Marriage Patterns 357
2 Birds Used in Decorations 360
3 Valuables and Trade Goods 365
4 Trade Regions 368
Notes 371
Bibliography 381
Index 393 |
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Healey, Christopher |
author_facet | Healey, Christopher |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Healey, Christopher |
author_variant | c h ch |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV004566354 |
callnumber-first | D - World History |
callnumber-label | DU740 |
callnumber-raw | DU740.42 |
callnumber-search | DU740.42 |
callnumber-sort | DU 3740.42 |
callnumber-subject | DU - Oceania (South Seas) |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)20827348 (DE-599)BVBBV004566354 |
dewey-full | 306.3/0899912 |
dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
dewey-ones | 306 - Culture and institutions |
dewey-raw | 306.3/0899912 |
dewey-search | 306.3/0899912 |
dewey-sort | 3306.3 6899912 |
dewey-tens | 300 - Social sciences |
discipline | Soziologie |
format | Book |
fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>00000nam a2200000 cb4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV004566354</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">911017s1990 a||| |||| 00||| engod</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">0520068408</subfield><subfield code="9">0-520-06840-8</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)20827348</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV004566354</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rakddb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-739</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">DU740.42</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">306.3/0899912</subfield><subfield code="2">20</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Healey, Christopher</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Maring hunters and traders</subfield><subfield code="b">production and exchange in the Papua New Guinea highlands</subfield><subfield code="c">Christopher Healey</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Berkeley u.a.</subfield><subfield code="b">Univ. of California Press</subfield><subfield code="c">1990</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">XXII, 401 S.</subfield><subfield code="b">Ill.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Studies in Melanesian anthropology</subfield><subfield code="v">8</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Handel</subfield><subfield code="2">gtt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Maring (Peuple de Nouvelle-Guinée) - Chasse</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Maring (Peuple de Nouvelle-Guinée) - Commerce</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Maring (peuple de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée) - Chasse</subfield><subfield code="2">ram</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Maring (peuple de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée) - Commerce</subfield><subfield code="2">ram</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Maring (volk)</subfield><subfield code="2">gtt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Troc - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</subfield><subfield code="2">ram</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Échange, Théorie de l' (Économie politique) - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Écologie humaine - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Écologie humaine - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</subfield><subfield code="2">ram</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Exchange</subfield><subfield code="z">Papua New Guinea</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Human ecology</subfield><subfield code="z">Papua New Guinea</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Maring (Papua New Guinean people)</subfield><subfield code="x">Commerce</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Maring (Papua New Guinean people)</subfield><subfield code="x">Hunting</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Subsistenzwirtschaft</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4058331-4</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Tauschhandel</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4117176-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Ethnologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4078931-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Maring</subfield><subfield code="g">Papua</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4228780-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Handel</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4023222-0</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Jagd</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4027955-8</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Maring</subfield><subfield code="g">Papua</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4228780-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Tauschhandel</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4117176-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Maring</subfield><subfield code="g">Papua</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4228780-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Ethnologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4078931-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Maring</subfield><subfield code="g">Papua</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4228780-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Jagd</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4027955-8</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="3" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Maring</subfield><subfield code="g">Papua</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4228780-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="3" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Handel</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4023222-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="3" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Subsistenzwirtschaft</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4058331-4</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="830" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Studies in Melanesian anthropology</subfield><subfield code="v">8</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-604)BV001335490</subfield><subfield code="9">8</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">HEBIS Datenaustausch</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002809062&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
id | DE-604.BV004566354 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-20T08:08:17Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 0520068408 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-002809062 |
oclc_num | 20827348 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-12 DE-739 |
owner_facet | DE-12 DE-739 |
physical | XXII, 401 S. Ill. |
publishDate | 1990 |
publishDateSearch | 1990 |
publishDateSort | 1990 |
publisher | Univ. of California Press |
record_format | marc |
series | Studies in Melanesian anthropology |
series2 | Studies in Melanesian anthropology |
spelling | Healey, Christopher Verfasser aut Maring hunters and traders production and exchange in the Papua New Guinea highlands Christopher Healey Berkeley u.a. Univ. of California Press 1990 XXII, 401 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Studies in Melanesian anthropology 8 Handel gtt Maring (Peuple de Nouvelle-Guinée) - Chasse Maring (Peuple de Nouvelle-Guinée) - Commerce Maring (peuple de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée) - Chasse ram Maring (peuple de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée) - Commerce ram Maring (volk) gtt Troc - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée ram Échange, Théorie de l' (Économie politique) - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée Écologie humaine - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée Écologie humaine - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée ram Exchange Papua New Guinea Human ecology Papua New Guinea Maring (Papua New Guinean people) Commerce Maring (Papua New Guinean people) Hunting Subsistenzwirtschaft (DE-588)4058331-4 gnd rswk-swf Tauschhandel (DE-588)4117176-7 gnd rswk-swf Ethnologie (DE-588)4078931-7 gnd rswk-swf Maring Papua (DE-588)4228780-7 gnd rswk-swf Handel (DE-588)4023222-0 gnd rswk-swf Jagd (DE-588)4027955-8 gnd rswk-swf Maring Papua (DE-588)4228780-7 s Tauschhandel (DE-588)4117176-7 s DE-604 Ethnologie (DE-588)4078931-7 s Jagd (DE-588)4027955-8 s Handel (DE-588)4023222-0 s Subsistenzwirtschaft (DE-588)4058331-4 s Studies in Melanesian anthropology 8 (DE-604)BV001335490 8 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002809062&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Healey, Christopher Maring hunters and traders production and exchange in the Papua New Guinea highlands Studies in Melanesian anthropology Handel gtt Maring (Peuple de Nouvelle-Guinée) - Chasse Maring (Peuple de Nouvelle-Guinée) - Commerce Maring (peuple de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée) - Chasse ram Maring (peuple de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée) - Commerce ram Maring (volk) gtt Troc - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée ram Échange, Théorie de l' (Économie politique) - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée Écologie humaine - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée Écologie humaine - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée ram Exchange Papua New Guinea Human ecology Papua New Guinea Maring (Papua New Guinean people) Commerce Maring (Papua New Guinean people) Hunting Subsistenzwirtschaft (DE-588)4058331-4 gnd Tauschhandel (DE-588)4117176-7 gnd Ethnologie (DE-588)4078931-7 gnd Maring Papua (DE-588)4228780-7 gnd Handel (DE-588)4023222-0 gnd Jagd (DE-588)4027955-8 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4058331-4 (DE-588)4117176-7 (DE-588)4078931-7 (DE-588)4228780-7 (DE-588)4023222-0 (DE-588)4027955-8 |
title | Maring hunters and traders production and exchange in the Papua New Guinea highlands |
title_auth | Maring hunters and traders production and exchange in the Papua New Guinea highlands |
title_exact_search | Maring hunters and traders production and exchange in the Papua New Guinea highlands |
title_full | Maring hunters and traders production and exchange in the Papua New Guinea highlands Christopher Healey |
title_fullStr | Maring hunters and traders production and exchange in the Papua New Guinea highlands Christopher Healey |
title_full_unstemmed | Maring hunters and traders production and exchange in the Papua New Guinea highlands Christopher Healey |
title_short | Maring hunters and traders |
title_sort | maring hunters and traders production and exchange in the papua new guinea highlands |
title_sub | production and exchange in the Papua New Guinea highlands |
topic | Handel gtt Maring (Peuple de Nouvelle-Guinée) - Chasse Maring (Peuple de Nouvelle-Guinée) - Commerce Maring (peuple de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée) - Chasse ram Maring (peuple de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée) - Commerce ram Maring (volk) gtt Troc - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée ram Échange, Théorie de l' (Économie politique) - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée Écologie humaine - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée Écologie humaine - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée ram Exchange Papua New Guinea Human ecology Papua New Guinea Maring (Papua New Guinean people) Commerce Maring (Papua New Guinean people) Hunting Subsistenzwirtschaft (DE-588)4058331-4 gnd Tauschhandel (DE-588)4117176-7 gnd Ethnologie (DE-588)4078931-7 gnd Maring Papua (DE-588)4228780-7 gnd Handel (DE-588)4023222-0 gnd Jagd (DE-588)4027955-8 gnd |
topic_facet | Handel Maring (Peuple de Nouvelle-Guinée) - Chasse Maring (Peuple de Nouvelle-Guinée) - Commerce Maring (peuple de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée) - Chasse Maring (peuple de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée) - Commerce Maring (volk) Troc - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée Échange, Théorie de l' (Économie politique) - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée Écologie humaine - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée Exchange Papua New Guinea Human ecology Papua New Guinea Maring (Papua New Guinean people) Commerce Maring (Papua New Guinean people) Hunting Subsistenzwirtschaft Tauschhandel Ethnologie Maring Papua Jagd |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002809062&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
volume_link | (DE-604)BV001335490 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT healeychristopher maringhuntersandtradersproductionandexchangeinthepapuanewguineahighlands |