Physiology and form of fish circulation:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge u.a.
Cambridge Univ. Press
1991
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVI, 235 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 0521395194 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Physiology and form of fish circulation |c Geoffrey H. Satchell |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | PHYSIOLOGY AND FORM OF
FISH CIRCULATION
Geoffrey H ^atchell
Department of Physiology, Otago Medical School, New Zealand
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CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
Cambridge New York Port Chester
Melbourne Sydney
CONTENTS
Preface xv
1 Introduction
Some elementary haemodynamics
The Poiseuille equation
Viscosity
Total fluid energy
Resistance
Pressures on land and in water
Velocity and cross sectional area
2 The heart
Introduction
The structure of cardiac muscle
The dimensions offish myocytes
Sarcoplasmic reticulum, caveolae and T tubules
Intercalated discs, fasciae adherentes and gap junctions
Specific granules
Pace-makers and pace-maker tissue
The atrioventricular and ventriculoconal delays
Fast conducting tracts
Electrical properties of fish cardiac muscle
The resting membrane potential and muscle action potential
The electrocardiogram (ECG)
The events of the cardiac cycle
The atrium
The ventricle
The pericardium and pericardial fluid
The bulbus arteriosus
x Contents
The conus arteriosus 29
The sinus venosus 31
The myocardium and its blood supply 31
The compact layer 31
The coronary arteries; atherosclerosis and cardiac pathology 32
The spongy layer 34
The output of the heart 36
Starling s law of the heart 38
Homeometric regulation 39
3 The peripheral circulation 41
Introduction 41
Arteries 41
Arterioles 43
Capillaries 44
Capillary beds, cross sectional area and velocity of flow 46
Interchanges across the capillary wall; the Starling principle 47
The two pathways through the capillary wall 48
The effect of plasma proteins on permeability 49
The fate of spilt plasma protein 50
Veins 51
Valves in veins 52
Blood pressure in fish 53
Reactive hyperaemia 53
The principal blood vessels of the fish circulatory system 55
4 The blood 58
Haemoglobin 59
Blood oxygen capacity 59
The oxygenation of haemoglobin 61
Oxygen affinity, Pso and environmental PO2 62
The Bohr effect 64
The Root effect 65
The effect of cell haemoglobin concentration 66
The effect of temperature 66
The effect ofnucleoside triphosphates (NTP) 67
Acclimation and adaptation in haemoglobins 68
Multiple haemoglobins 69
The carriage of CO2 in the blood 70
The plasma proteins 71
Fibrinogen and the blood clotting factors 73
Blood viscosity 75
The relation of-n to temperature 75
Contents xi
The relation of -n to haematocrit 76
The relation of if to shear rate 76
The leucocytes 77
5 Haemopoiesis and phagocytosis - the mononuclear phagocytic system 80
The phagocytic cells of the MPS system 80
Macrophages 81
Haemopoietic and phagocytic organs and tissues 82
The thymus 82
The spleen 83
The gut-associated tissue 84
The kidney 85
The organ ofLeydig, the epigonal organ and the meninges 85
The cavernous bodies 86
6 Circulation through special regions 89
I The microcirculation of the gill 89
Introduction 89
The arterioarterial pathway 90
Blood pressure and blood flow through the secondary lamellae 91
The arteriovenous pathway 92
II The secondary blood system 96
III The renal portal circulation 99
The urophysis 100
The bladder veins 100
Connections with the posterior intestine and rectum 101
Afferent and efferent flows to the kidney 102
IV Red and white muscle 103
7 Retial counter-current systems: flow-diffusion-concentration 106
Introduction 106
Retia that concentrate oxygen and nitrogen 107
The retia of the swimbladder • 107
The removal of gas from the bladder 110
The choroidal rete of the eye 112
Retia that concentrate heat 114
The responses of the circulatory system to temperature change in fish
lacking retia 114
Acclimation to temperature 114
The muscle retia of tuna 116
Muscle retia in the mackerel sharks 120
Retia that concentrate heat in the digestive organs 121
Retia that concentrate heat in the brain and eye 123
xii Contents
8 Venous return and venous pumps 126
Venous pressure 126
The haemal arch pump 126
The branchial pump 130
The cardinal heart of the myxinoids 130
The caudal pump 131
The caudal heart of the carpet shark 133
The caudal heart of the eel 135
The caudal heart of the hagfish 137
The portal heart of the hagfish 139
9 The autonomic nervous system 141
Introduction 141
The parasympathetic and sympatho-adrenal systems 142
Adrenergic and cholinergic receptors 145
Antagonism and alliance in the autonomic system 147
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) 149
Vascular receptors 150
Pressure or baroreceptors 150
Hypoxia receptors 152
Gill nociceptors 153
10 The response to exercise 158
Introduction 158
The response of the heart 159
The extent of the increase in cardiac output 159
The intrinsic mechanism: the Starling response 160
The role of the cardiac vagus 160
The role of circulating catecholamines 161
The role of cardioaccelerator nerves 162
The response of the gill vasculature 163
Intrinsic dilation of gill vessels 163
Parasympathetic nerve fibres to the gills 163
The response of the gill vessels to branchial efferent adrenergic
fibre stimulation 164
The response of the gill vessels to centrally liberated catecholamines 165
The response of the peripheral vessels 166
Intrinsic responses 166
The response to circulating catecholamines 167
The role of the autonomic vasomotor nerves 167
In summary 168
11 The response to hypoxia 170
Introduction 170
Contents xiii
I Reflex responses (A) The heart 171
The bradycardia of hypoxia 171
Cardiorespiratory synchrony 172
Changes in coronary blood flow 173
I Reflex responses (B) The peripheral circulation 173
II The intrinsic responses of the gill vessels 173
HI The central liberation of catecholamines 175
The defence of the acidotic myocardium 175
Catecholamines and the increase in the oxygen diffusive
conductance of the gill 176
The role of catecholamines in regulating oxygen uptake
by erythrocytes 177
Effects on the efflux ofH* from the gill 179
Effects on carbohydrate metabolism 180
In summary 181
12 Myxine, a speculative conclusion 183
Introduction 183
The heart 185
The performance of the myxinoid heart 185
The gross anatomy of the myxinoid heart 185
Some features of the myxinoid cardiac cycle 186
The blood 188
The peripheral circulation 189
The arterial system 189
The venous system 190
The sinus system and the subcutaneous sinus 190
Pathways into the sinus system 191
Pathways out of the subcutaneous sinus 191
The haematocrit and volume of sinus blood 192
What is the role of the subcutaneous sinus? 193
Can the subcutaneous sinus be related to other subdermal
vascular spaces? 194
Some final speculations 195
References 198
Appendix of popular and scientific names 227
Index 233
|
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| language | English |
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| spelling | Satchell, Geoffrey H. Verfasser aut Physiology and form of fish circulation Geoffrey H. Satchell 1. publ. Cambridge u.a. Cambridge Univ. Press 1991 XVI, 235 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Bloedsomloop gtt Fysiologie gtt Poissons - Appareil cardiovasculaire Poissons - Appareil cardiovasculaire ram Sang - Circulation Sang - Circulation ram Vissen (dierkunde) gtt Blood Circulation Fishes Cardiovascular system Fische (DE-588)4017269-7 gnd rswk-swf Kardiovaskuläres System (DE-588)4024665-6 gnd rswk-swf Blutkreislauf (DE-588)4134345-1 gnd rswk-swf Fische (DE-588)4017269-7 s Kardiovaskuläres System (DE-588)4024665-6 s DE-604 Blutkreislauf (DE-588)4134345-1 s HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002765429&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Satchell, Geoffrey H. Physiology and form of fish circulation Bloedsomloop gtt Fysiologie gtt Poissons - Appareil cardiovasculaire Poissons - Appareil cardiovasculaire ram Sang - Circulation Sang - Circulation ram Vissen (dierkunde) gtt Blood Circulation Fishes Cardiovascular system Fische (DE-588)4017269-7 gnd Kardiovaskuläres System (DE-588)4024665-6 gnd Blutkreislauf (DE-588)4134345-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4017269-7 (DE-588)4024665-6 (DE-588)4134345-1 |
| title | Physiology and form of fish circulation |
| title_auth | Physiology and form of fish circulation |
| title_exact_search | Physiology and form of fish circulation |
| title_full | Physiology and form of fish circulation Geoffrey H. Satchell |
| title_fullStr | Physiology and form of fish circulation Geoffrey H. Satchell |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physiology and form of fish circulation Geoffrey H. Satchell |
| title_short | Physiology and form of fish circulation |
| title_sort | physiology and form of fish circulation |
| topic | Bloedsomloop gtt Fysiologie gtt Poissons - Appareil cardiovasculaire Poissons - Appareil cardiovasculaire ram Sang - Circulation Sang - Circulation ram Vissen (dierkunde) gtt Blood Circulation Fishes Cardiovascular system Fische (DE-588)4017269-7 gnd Kardiovaskuläres System (DE-588)4024665-6 gnd Blutkreislauf (DE-588)4134345-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Bloedsomloop Fysiologie Poissons - Appareil cardiovasculaire Sang - Circulation Vissen (dierkunde) Blood Circulation Fishes Cardiovascular system Fische Kardiovaskuläres System Blutkreislauf |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002765429&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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