Soil acidity:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin u.a.
Springer
1991
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturangaben |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 224 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 3540507825 0387507825 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Soil acidity |c B. Ulrich ... (eds.) |
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin u.a. |b Springer |c 1991 | |
| 300 | |a XII, 224 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Literaturangaben | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Bodem |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sols - Acidité | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Verzuring |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Soil acidity | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Bodenversauerung |0 (DE-588)4122945-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804118554191069184 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Chapter 1 Soil Acidification and Alkalinization
N. van Breemen
1 Introduction ............................................. 1
2 Definitions .............................................. 1
3 Effects of Addition of Dissolved Strong Acid or Base......... 3
4 Internal Acid Production in Soils ........................... 4
5 Assimilation of Minerals by Biota .......................... 4
6 Redox Processes .......................................... 5
7 Order of Magnitude of A ANC by Various Groups of Processes 6
References ............................................... 7
Chapter 2 Proton Sinks in Soil Controlling Soil Acidification
M. G. M. Bruggenwert, T. Hiemstra, and G. H. Bolt
1 Introduction ............................................. 8
2 Survey of Proton Sinks in Soil ............................. 9
3 Adsorption of Protons by Soil Constituents.................. 12
4 Proton Consuming Dissolution Reactions .................... 16
5 Secondary Reactions ...................................... 21
5.1 Influence of Clay Minerals on Al-Speciation and Protonation
of AlOH-Groups ......................................... 21
5.2 Al-Saturation and pH Buffer Capacity of Clay Minerals....... 25
References ............................................... 26
Chapter 3 An Ecosystem Approach to Soil Acidification
B. Ulrich
1 Implications of the Material Balance of the Ecosystem
for Soil Acidification ..................................... 28
2 Ecosystem Environment and Ecosystem Compartments ........ 29
3 Can Ecosystem Theory be Based on Thermodynamic Laws? ... 31
4 A Mathematical Model of Terrestrial Ecosystems ............. 32
5 Definitions of Acids and Bases in Soil ...................... 33
6 Inputs of Acids and Bases into Ecosystems .................. 35
X Contents
6.1 Deposition of Air Pollutants ............................... 35
6.2 The Role of Silicate Weathering ............................ 38
7 Input/Output Relations ................................... 38
8 Calculation of Proton Balances ............................ 46
9 State Variables of the Acid/Base Status of the Ecosystem...... 50
9.1 Buffer Ranges in Soil ..................................... 50
9.2 Carbonate and Silicate Buffer Range ........................ 52
9.3 Cation Exchange Buffer Range ............................. 53
9.4 Aluminum and Iron Buffer Range .......................... 55
10 Assessment of Changes in Soil Acidity ...................... 56
11 The Temporal and Spatial Pattern of Soil Acidity............. 59
12 Interrelationship Between Ecosystem Functioning,
Changes in Acid/Base Status of Soil, and Soil Development ... 62
12.1 Stable Ecosystems Close to Steady State..................... 63
12.2 The Aggradation Phase ................................... 70
12.3 The Phase of Humus Disintegration ........................ 72
12.4 The Phase of Buildup of a Decomposer Refuge .............. 73
12.5 The Phase of Podzolization................................ 73
12.6 Krypto-Podzolization ..................................... 74
12.7 Deacidification ........................................... 74
References ............................................... 75
Chapter 4 Influence of the Acid/Base Status on the Formation
and Interactions of Acids and Bases in Soils
M.H.B. Hayes
1 Introduction ............................................. 80
2 Small Organic Acids in Soils ............................... 80
3 Macromolecular Acids in Soils ............................. 84
3.1 Humic Substances ........................................ 85
4 Organic Bases in Soils .................................... 92
5 Influences of Organic Acids and Bases in Soils ............... 93
6 Summary and Conclusions ................................ 93
References ............................................... 95
Chapter 5 The Chemistry of Aluminium, Iron and Manganese
Oxides in Acid Soils
E. Paterson, B.A. Goodman, and V.C. Farmer
1 Introduction ............................................. 97
2 Aluminium Oxides........................................ 98
2.1 Soil Species and Their Solubility ........................... 98
2.2 Reactivity of Allophane and Hydroxyaluminium Interlayers .... 104
3 Iron Oxides .............................................. 105
3.1 Forms and Occurrence .................................... 105
Contents XI
3.2 Solution Chemistry of Iron in Soils ......................... 107
3.3 Surface Chemistry of Metal Oxides ......................... 110
4 Manganese Oxides ........................................ 114
4.1 Mineralogy .............................................. 114
4.2 Solubility ................................................ 116
4.3 Sorption................................................. 117
References ............................................... 120
Chapter 6 Assessing the Solubilities and Reaction Kinetics of
Aluminous Minerals in Soils
H.M. May and D.K. Nordstrom
1 Introduction ............................................. 125
2 Experimental Determination of the Stabilities
of Aluminous Minerals.................................... 126
2.1 The A12O3-H2O System: Aluminium Hydroxides
and Oxyhydroxides ....................................... 127
2.2 The A12O3-SO3-H2O System: Aluminum Sulfate Minerals
in Acid Systems .......................................... 131
2.3 The Al2O3-SiO2-H2O System:
The Aluminosilicate Clay Minerals.......................... 132
3 Kinetics of Aluminous Mineral Precipitation/Dissolution
Reactions................................................ 135
3.1 Kinetics of Hydroxy-Aluminium Solids Formation
and Dissolution .......................................... 136
3.2 Kinetics of Aluminosilicate Mineral Formation and Dissolution 140
4 Interaction of Aluminous Mineral Stabilities
and Reaction Kinetics in Soils and Other Terrestrial Systems ... 141
4.1 Acidification Response in Natural Waters and Soils ........... 141
4.2 Watershed-Scale Weathering Phenomena, Rates and Models .... 143
References ............................................... 145
Chapter 7 Nutrient Status and Toxicity Problems in Acid Soils
M.E. Sumner, M.V. Fey, and A.D. Noble
1 Introduction ............................................. 149
2 Soil Acidity and Nutrient Status............................ 150
2.1 Nitrogen ................................................ 152
2.2 Phosphorus .............................................. 153
2.3 Potassium ............................................... 155
2.4 Calcium ................................................. 157
2.5 Magnesium .............................................. 158
2.6 Sulphur ................................................. 159
2.7 Copper.................................................. 161
2.8 Zinc .................................................... 161
XII Contents
2.9 Manganese .............................................. 161
2.10 Iron .................................................... 164
2.11 Boron ................................................... 164
2.12 Molybdenum............................................. 165
2.13 Silicon .................................................. 165
3 Toxicity Problems in Acid Soils............................. 167
3.1 Manganese Toxicity ....................................... 167
3.2 Al Toxicity in Relation to Ca Level and pH .................. 167
3.3 Al Toxicity and Soil Organic Matter ........................ 168
3.4 Al Toxicity, Soil Solution Ionic Strength, and the Effect
of Soil Drying Cycles ..................................... 169
4 Ion Activities in the Soil Solution: An Alternative Perspective
to Soil Acidity Problems .................................. 169
4.1 Relationship of Nutrient Uptake to Chemical Potentials ....... 171
4.2 Chemical Potentials and Root Response to Ca and Al......... 173
5 Concluding Remarks ...................................... 175
References ............................................... 178
Chapter 8 Effects of Soil Acidity on Plant Associations
M. Runge and M. W. Rode
1 Introduction ............................................. 183
2 Effects of Single Factors................................... 184
2.1 Concentration of Ca-Ions ................................. 184
2.2 Concentration of H-Ions .................................. 187
2.3 Concentration of Al-Ions .................................. 188
2.4 NH4/NO3 Ratio .......................................... 191
3 Interactions .............................................. 191
3.1 Interaction of Ca with H and Al ........................... 191
3.2 Interaction of the N-Form with H and Al ................... 196
4 Conclusions.............................................. 198
References ............................................... 199
Chapter 9 The Transfer of Acidity from Soils to Surface Waters
J.O. Reuss
1 Introduction ............................................. 203
2 Acid Neutralizing Capacity in Water ........................ 203
3 Acid Neutralizing Capacity in Soil Solutions ................. 207
4 Quantification of the Processes............................. 208
5 Other Processes .......................................... 215
6 Conclusions.............................................. 216
References ............................................... 217
Subject Index................................................. 219
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T16:12:08Z |
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| isbn | 3540507825 0387507825 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XII, 224 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1991 |
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| spelling | Soil acidity B. Ulrich ... (eds.) Berlin u.a. Springer 1991 XII, 224 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturangaben Bodem gtt Sols - Acidité Verzuring gtt Soil acidity Bodenversauerung (DE-588)4122945-9 gnd rswk-swf Bodenversauerung (DE-588)4122945-9 s DE-604 Ulrich, Bernhard 1926-2015 Sonstige (DE-588)1035160072 oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002715396&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Soil acidity Bodem gtt Sols - Acidité Verzuring gtt Soil acidity Bodenversauerung (DE-588)4122945-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4122945-9 |
| title | Soil acidity |
| title_auth | Soil acidity |
| title_exact_search | Soil acidity |
| title_full | Soil acidity B. Ulrich ... (eds.) |
| title_fullStr | Soil acidity B. Ulrich ... (eds.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Soil acidity B. Ulrich ... (eds.) |
| title_short | Soil acidity |
| title_sort | soil acidity |
| topic | Bodem gtt Sols - Acidité Verzuring gtt Soil acidity Bodenversauerung (DE-588)4122945-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Bodem Sols - Acidité Verzuring Soil acidity Bodenversauerung |
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