Population growth and reproduction in Sub-Saharan Africa: technical analyses of fertility and its consequences
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Washington, DC
World Bank
1990
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. print. |
| Schriftenreihe: | A World Bank symposium
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | X, 251 S. Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0821313975 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Population growth and reproduction in Sub-Saharan Africa |b technical analyses of fertility and its consequences |c ed. by George T. F. Acsadi ... |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Population growth | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Social aspects | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents
Preface ix
PARTI THE DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION 1
1 Population Conditions in Mainland Sub Saharan Africa 3
Althea Hill
Sources of Demographic Data 3
Quality of Demographic Data 3
Population Size. Distribution, and Density 7
Urbanization and Patterns of Rural Settlement 7
Migration 13
Mortality 17
Fertility 23
Age and Sex Structure 25
Natural Increase and Population Crowth 26
Notes 26
References 27
PART II ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF RAPID POPULATION
GROWTH 29
2 Population Growth and Agricultural Productivity 31
Teresa J. Ho
Population Growth, Carrying Capacity. and Agricultural Growth 31
Population Growth, Technological Change. and Agricultural Growth :iti
Population Growth. Farming Intensity. and Soil Fertility 37
Farming Intensity, Technological Change. and Labor Productivity 38
Effects of Population Growth on Technological Change 40
Conclusions 41
Notes 42
References 43
3 Population Growth, Wood Fuels, and Resource Problems 44
Douglas F. Barnes
Population and Deforestation: Conceptual Issues 44
Energy Use in Rural Areas 47
Energy Use in Urban Households 51
Production of Wood Fuels and Intensity of Land Use 54
Conclusions 57
References 58
V
vi Contents
4 Absorbing a Rapidly Growing Labor Force 60
Stein Hansen
The Macroeconomic Setting 61
The Costs of Employment Creation 63
Potential for the Creation of Agricultural Employment 64
Rural Nonfarm Employment 66
The Potential for Job Creation in the Formal Sector 67
The Role of the Informal Sector 68
The Scope for Employment Creation: Summary and Conclusions 70
References 72
5 Accommodating Urban Growth in Sub Saharan Africa 74
Mark R. Montgomery and Edward K. Brown
Urhanization and Urban Growth 75
Urbanization and Economic Development 78
Decentralized Urban Development 81
Urban Labor Markets 81
Public Sector Investments in Urban Service Delivery 83
Urban Public Finance and Administration 86
Conclusions 86
References 87
PART III HOUSEHOLD AND INDIVIDUAL CONSEQUENCES OF
REPRODUCTIVE PATTERNS 89
6 Effects of Fertility Change on Maternal and Child Survival 91
Deborah Maine, Regina McNamara, Joe Wray,
Abdul Aziz Farah. and Marilyn Wallace
The Overall Risk of Maternal Death 91
Relative Risks of Maternal Mortality and Exposure to Risk 93
The Potential for Averting Maternal Deaths 94
The Risk of Infant and Child Death 95
Exposure to Risk of Infant and Child Death 99
The Potential for Averting Infant and Child Deaths 100
Conclusions 100
Notes 101
References 102
7 Effects of Timing of Marriage on Reproductive Health 105
George T. F. Acsadi and Gwendolyn Johnson Acsadi
Prevalence of Early Marriages 106
Age at First Marriage and High Fertility 108
Adolescent Sterility and Initial Infecundity 108
Later Infecundity as a Consequence of Early Entry into Marital Unions Uli
Other Consequences of Early Marriage 111
Conclusions 113
References 113
8 Socioeconomic Consequences of High Fertility for the Family 115
Virginia DeLancey
Income 116
Income Transfers 117
Savings 118
Expenditures 118
Education Expenditures 120
Labor Supply 121
Population Pressure on Land and Migration 124
Conclusions 127
References 128
Contents
PART IV THE CONTEXT AND CAUSES OF HIGH FERTILITY 131
9 The Proximate Determinants of Fertility 133
John Bongaarts, Odile Frank, and Ron Lesthaeghe
The Determinants of Fertility 133
Pattern of Marriage and Sexual Unions 134
Patterns of Sexual Activity 135
Breastfeeding and Lactational Amenorrhea 137
Use of Birth Control 137
Fetal Loss 137
Sterility 138
Estimating the Fertility Inhibiting Effects of the Proximate Determinants 13«
Differentials in Fertility and the Proximate Variables 140
Implications for Future Trends in Fertility 141
Notes 142
References 142
10 Socioeconomic Differentials in Fertility and Their Explanation 144
Susan H. Cochrane and Samir Farid
Socioeconomic Differences in Fertility 145
Socioeconomic Differences in Age at Marriage 148
Socioeconomic Differences in Breastfeeding Patterns 149
Socioeconomic Differences in Contraceptive Use 150
Desired Family Size 153
Conclusions 153
References 154
11 Demand for Children and Childspacing 155
George T. F. Acsadi and Gwendolyn Johnson Acsadi
The Demand for Children: Desires and Expectations 157
Some Factors Affecting the Desire for Children 166
Desired Family Size, Effective Fertility. and Contraceptive Use 169
The Demand for Spacing 170
Patterns of Contraceptive Use: Indication of Demand for Spacing 180
Conclusions 182
Notes 183
References 183
12 The Demand for Fertility Control 186
Odile Frank
Fertility Regulation in Sub Saharan African Culture 186
Constraints on the Adoption of Modern Contraception to Regulate Fertility 194
Prospects and Policy Implications 195
Notes 196
References 197
13 Cultural Forces Tending to Sustain High Fertility 199
John C. Caldwell and Pat Caldwell
Traditional Religion and Its Effect on Fertility 199
Barrenness, Subfecundity. and Child Death 201
Changing Beliefs and Culture 204
Political Leadership and Fertility Control 205
Land Tenure 206
The Sub Saharan African Family 207
Safety in Numbers 209
Prestige 209
Birth Control 209
Conclusions 211
References 211
vüi Contents
PART V PROGRAMS TO REDUCE FERTILITY 215
14 The Development of Population and Family Planning Policies 217
Susan H. Cochrane, Fred T. Sai, and Janet Nassim
The Demographic Situation 217
The Political Situation 217
Economic Issues 218
Population Policies and Family Planning Programs 221
Factors Contributing to Changing Perceptions and Policies 226
Problems of Evolution and Implementation of Family Planning Programs 229
References 232
15 Family Planning Pilot Projects 234
John A. Ross
Constraints on the Implementation of Family Planning Strategies 234
Program Choices 237
Conclusions 240
Appendix: Illustrative Projects 242
References 248
Contributors 251
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| geographic_facet | Africa South of Sahara Subsaharisches Afrika |
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| spelling | Population growth and reproduction in Sub-Saharan Africa technical analyses of fertility and its consequences ed. by George T. F. Acsadi ... 1. print. Washington, DC World Bank 1990 X, 251 S. Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier A World Bank symposium Family planning Fertility Population growth Social aspects Statistical data Gesellschaft Bevölkerungswachstum (DE-588)4129300-9 gnd rswk-swf Africa South of Sahara Subsaharisches Afrika (DE-588)4053770-5 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift gnd-content Subsaharisches Afrika (DE-588)4053770-5 g Bevölkerungswachstum (DE-588)4129300-9 s DE-604 Acsadi, George T. Sonstige oth Weltbank Sonstige (DE-588)121364-7 oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002697181&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Population growth and reproduction in Sub-Saharan Africa technical analyses of fertility and its consequences Family planning Fertility Population growth Social aspects Statistical data Gesellschaft Bevölkerungswachstum (DE-588)4129300-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4129300-9 (DE-588)4053770-5 (DE-588)1071861417 |
| title | Population growth and reproduction in Sub-Saharan Africa technical analyses of fertility and its consequences |
| title_auth | Population growth and reproduction in Sub-Saharan Africa technical analyses of fertility and its consequences |
| title_exact_search | Population growth and reproduction in Sub-Saharan Africa technical analyses of fertility and its consequences |
| title_full | Population growth and reproduction in Sub-Saharan Africa technical analyses of fertility and its consequences ed. by George T. F. Acsadi ... |
| title_fullStr | Population growth and reproduction in Sub-Saharan Africa technical analyses of fertility and its consequences ed. by George T. F. Acsadi ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Population growth and reproduction in Sub-Saharan Africa technical analyses of fertility and its consequences ed. by George T. F. Acsadi ... |
| title_short | Population growth and reproduction in Sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_sort | population growth and reproduction in sub saharan africa technical analyses of fertility and its consequences |
| title_sub | technical analyses of fertility and its consequences |
| topic | Family planning Fertility Population growth Social aspects Statistical data Gesellschaft Bevölkerungswachstum (DE-588)4129300-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Family planning Fertility Population growth Social aspects Statistical data Gesellschaft Bevölkerungswachstum Africa South of Sahara Subsaharisches Afrika Konferenzschrift |
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