Breccias and coarse fragmentites: petrology, environments, associations, ores
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Amsterdam u.a.
Elsevier
1988
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Developments in economic geology
25 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturverz. S. 723 - 796 |
| Beschreibung: | X, 832 S. zahlr. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 0444429387 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Laznicka, Peter |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Breccias and coarse fragmentites |b petrology, environments, associations, ores |
| 264 | 1 | |a Amsterdam u.a. |b Elsevier |c 1988 | |
| 300 | |a X, 832 S. |b zahlr. Ill. | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Developments in economic geology |v 25 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text |
DEVELOPMENTS IN ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, 25
breccias and
coarse f ragmentites
petrology, environments,
associations, ores
Peter Laznicka
Department of Geological Sciences, University of Manitoba,
Winnipeg, Man R3T 3N2, Canada
ELSEVIER Amsterdam - Oxford - New York - Tokyo 1988
VII
CONTENTS
PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 3
Book organization 3
Contents 3
Subject and scope 6
Universal Rudrock Code (URC) 6
General considerations 6
ADDITIONAL CONCEPTS AND TERMS, BRIEFLY EXPLAINED 10
GENERAL ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS 11
Brief history of breccia study and research 16
Breccias: existing definitions, classifications and
terminology 19
Definitions 19
Classifications 21
Terminology 23
Abundance of rudrocks/breccias 28
Breccia/rudrock dimensions and hierarchy 28
Present trends in coarse fragmentite (especially breccia)
research and data sources 30
CHAPTER 2 PETROGRAPHY OF BRECCIAS 37
General 37
Architecture of breccias 41
Fragments 41
Matrix, cement and voids 57
Textures, structures and fabrics 63
Petrographic composition 78
General ' 78
Compositional homogeneity and heterogeneity 79
Soft fragment rudrocks 83
CHAPTER 3 BRECCIA (RUDROCK) BODIES, FIELDS, TERRANES AND BELTS 87
General 87
Breccia bodies • _ 87
Physiographic expression 87
Geometry (shape and size) of breccia bodies 90
Contacts , 90
Internal structures, facies, zoning and sequences in
breccia bodies 98
Controls of emplacement, external facies and stratigraphic
attitude 109
Non-breccia bodies: structures mimicking breccia bodies but
filled by non-brecciated rocks- 114
Breccia fields 114
Breccia terranes, provinces and belts ' 117
Megabreccias 119
CHAPTER 4 INTRODUCTION TO RUDROCK GENESIS 125
General 125
Sequentially-formed rudrocks 130
Generation of breccia components at source 133
General 133
Generative domains 133
Crackle-mosaic-rubble-mixed breccia progression 136
Transported rudrocks 141
Emplacement of rudrocks and the space problem 154
Induration, lithification, cementation 157
The demise of rudrocks 159
CHAPTER 5 PROCESSES OF RUDROCK GENERATION 173
Introduction 173
Gravity fall 177
Vertical collapse or foundering into a void 181
Downslope gravity transport 183
Processes of short duration marked by rapid transfer of
energy 204
Non-explosive pressure (forceful) brecciation • 207
Water and wind transport 212
Forced transportation mechanisms 215
Strain-controlled fragmentation in solid rocks undergoing
deformation 223
Volume changes 227
Water/hot magma interaction 231
Chemical processes 235
Biological processes 242
CHAPTER 6 RUDROCKS AND MINERAL DEPOSITS: AN INTRODUCTION 245
CHAPTER 7 SUBAERIAL AND SHALLOW SUBSURFICIAL NON-VOLCANIC ENVI-
RONMENTS AND ASSOCIATIONS 261
Rugged mountains (alpine landscapes) 261
Deserts and arid landscapes 268
Arid alluvial fans and fanglomerates 270
Fluvial, deltaic environments and corresponding lithologic
associations 281
Lake environments, lacustrine association 283
Coal association 285
Glacial environments * 287
Ancient diamictite association 303
Sedimentary basal and sub-unconformity breccias 306
Environments of weathering, pedogenesis and'dissolution 309
CHAPTER 8 MARINE CARBONATES 329
Introduction 329
IX
t
Shallow marine carbonate environments and associations 329
Carbonate platform-to-basin slopes and margins 336
Karst and near-surface carbonate dissolution 344
Paleokarst, diagenesis, deep-seated dissolution, epigenetic
mineralization 354
Tectonic brecciation in carbonates 371
Breccias in interacting carbonate/granitic intrusion
association 373
CHAPTER 9 SILICLASTIC MARINE SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS AND
ASSOCIATIONS 379
Introduction 379
Nearshore and shelf environments and associations 379
Shelf-to-basin and continental margin environments and
associations - 388
Chert, iron and manganese formations, phosphorite 395
CHAPTER 10 EVAPORITES 401
CHAPTER 11 VOLCANIC ENVIRONMENTS AND ASSOCIATIONS 415
Subaerial, low-explosivity mafic (mostly basaltic) volcanism 415
Quaternary and Tertiary (gray) basalts 419
Green (Mesozoic to Precambrian) continental basalts 428
Equivalents of continental* basalts in shallow subsurface
(subvolcanic level) 432
Transitions of continental basalts to bimodal and sequenti-
ally differentiated associations 433
Maars, tuff rings, diatrernes and breccia necks 436
Subaerial explosive mafic to felsic volcanism 449
Introduction 449
Composite cones (stratovolcanoes) 452
Exogenous (surficially extruded) lava domes and short
viscous flows 468
Endogenous domes, plugs and subvolcanic stocks 475
Calderas and cauldrons 478
Felsic ash-flow and fall tuff sequences 487
•Subaerial volcanic debris flows (lahars) 498
Submarine volcanism 500
Mafic to intermediate lava flow-dominated volcanism 500
Mixed lava/sediment rudrocks 512
Ocean floor and Cyprus-type massive sulphide systems 515
Felsic to intermediate submarine volcanics 515
CHAPTER 12 HOT SPRING SYSTEMS 531
Relic rudrocks T 531
Hydrothermal rudrocks 534
CHAPTER 13 INTRUSIVE GRANITIC (GRANITOID) TERRANES 545
Introduction 545
Systematic description of rudrocks-bearing associations 551
CHAPTER 14 MAFIC-ULTRAMAFIC INTRUSIVE ASSOCIATION 591
Layered intrusions 591
Non-layered mafic/ultramafic massifs, sills, dikes 598
CHAPTER 15 ALKALINE-CARBONATITE ASSOCIATION 611
CHAPTER 16 TECTONIC-METAMORPHIC ASSOCIATION 623
Introduction 623
Metamorphic terranes: migmatite/granite gneiss association 624
Tectonized (deformed) terranes 626
Fault rocks 638
Tectonic environments 669
CHAPTER 17 METEORITES AND TERRESTRIAL IMPACTS 691
Brecciated meteorites and meteorite breccias on earth 691
Terrestrial meteorite impact rudrocks 691
CHAPTER 18 TERRESTRIAL PROBLEMATICA 699
CHAPTER 19 TERRESTRIAL ANTHROPOGENIC COARSE FRAGMENTITES 713
CHAPTER 20 COARSE FRAGMENTITES ON THE SURFACE OF THE MOON AND
OF PLANETS 715
REFERENCES 723
INDICES 797
GENERAL INDEX 797
INDEX OF COARSE FRAGMENTITE NAMES 809
LOCALITY INDEX 821
METALS INDEX 831 |
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| discipline | Geologie / Paläontologie Geographie |
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| language | English |
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| series2 | Developments in economic geology |
| spelling | Laznicka, Peter Verfasser aut Breccias and coarse fragmentites petrology, environments, associations, ores Amsterdam u.a. Elsevier 1988 X, 832 S. zahlr. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Developments in economic geology 25 Literaturverz. S. 723 - 796 Pétrogenèse ram Breccia Breccie (DE-588)4146520-9 gnd rswk-swf Breccie (DE-588)4146520-9 s DE-604 Developments in economic geology 25 (DE-604)BV000022940 25 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002689319&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Laznicka, Peter Breccias and coarse fragmentites petrology, environments, associations, ores Developments in economic geology Pétrogenèse ram Breccia Breccie (DE-588)4146520-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4146520-9 |
| title | Breccias and coarse fragmentites petrology, environments, associations, ores |
| title_auth | Breccias and coarse fragmentites petrology, environments, associations, ores |
| title_exact_search | Breccias and coarse fragmentites petrology, environments, associations, ores |
| title_full | Breccias and coarse fragmentites petrology, environments, associations, ores |
| title_fullStr | Breccias and coarse fragmentites petrology, environments, associations, ores |
| title_full_unstemmed | Breccias and coarse fragmentites petrology, environments, associations, ores |
| title_short | Breccias and coarse fragmentites |
| title_sort | breccias and coarse fragmentites petrology environments associations ores |
| title_sub | petrology, environments, associations, ores |
| topic | Pétrogenèse ram Breccia Breccie (DE-588)4146520-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Pétrogenèse Breccia Breccie |
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