Geomorphological techniques:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London u.a.
Unwin Hyman
1990
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIX, 570 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0044457154 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Geomorphological techniques |c ed. ... by Andrew Goudie |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a London u.a. |b Unwin Hyman |c 1990 | |
| 300 | |a XIX, 570 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
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| 650 | 4 | |a Géomorphologie - Méthodologie | |
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| 650 | 7 | |a Géomorphologie - Technique |2 ram | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Geomorphology |x Methodology | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804118485762048000 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Geomorphological
Techniques
SECOND EDITION
Edited for the
British Geomorphological Research Group by
Andrew Goudie
University of Oxford
with the assistance of
John Lewin Tim Burt
Keith Richards Brian Whalley
Malcolm Anderson Peter Worsley
London
UNWIN HYMAN
Boston Sydney Wellington
Contents
Preface to the first edition page vii
Preface to the second edition ix
Acknowledgements xviii
Contributors xx
PART ONE: INTRODUCTION
by M G Anderson and T P Burt
1 1 Methods of geomorphological investigation 3
111 Changing scientific method within geomorphology 3
112 The main branches of geomorphological enquiry 11
113 The role of techniques in data collection 14
114 Application of geomorphological models IS
1 2 Process determination in time and space 17
121 Scale and explanation 17
122 Techniques and verification 20
PART TWO: FORM 31
Edited by K S Richards
2 1 Introduction to morphometry K s Richards
2 2 General problems in morphometry K S Richards
221 Scale problems
222 Data sources
223 Sampling problems
224 Definition of variables
22S Operator variance
2 3 General geomorphometry / 5 Evans
231 Point attributes
Xll
CONTENTS
Data
Summarisation
Maps
Relationships
Slope and drainage lines
Spectra and fractals
Geomorphology and geochronology
Data sources
Data presentation and analysis
Interpretation
Conclusion
24ly ge cKS Richards 57
2 5 Specific geomorphometry R S Jarvis and N J Clifford 63
251 Landform pattern 63
252 Landform planar shape 66
253 Landform surface shape 68
254 Conclusion 70
2 6 Drainage basin morphometry V Gardiner 71
261 Network delimitation 71
262 Sampling 74
263 Measurement 76
264 Morphometric variable definition 78
265 Conclusion 81
2 7 River channel form K s Richards 82
271 Cross-section geometry 82
272 Long profile 86
273 Plan geometry 89
2 8 Hillslope profiles N j Cox 92
281 Introduction 92
282 Data collection 92
283 Data analysis - 95
2 9 Cartographic techniques in geomorphology / S Evans 97
291 Content 97
292 Graphic design 101
293 Scale 103
294 Applications 104
CONTENTS Xlii
PART THREE: MATERIAL PROPERTIES 109
Edited by W B Whalley
3 1 Introduction W B Whalley 111
3 2 Physical properties 112
321 Introduction W B Whalley 112
322 Particle size 112
323 Direct measurement 114
324 Sedimentation methods 116
325 The electrical sensing zone method (Coulter counter) 118
326 Analysis of results J McAllister 120
327 Particle form J D Orford 121
328 Surface textures of individual particles (scanning
electron microscope analysis) P A Bull 127
329 Mass 130
3 2 10 Density 130
3 2 11 Porosity and voids ratio 132
3 2 12 Permeability and infiltration capacity 132
3 2 13 Specific surface 135
3 2 14 Moisture content 137
3 2 15 Soil suction (pF) 137
3 2 16 Bulk fabric and structure W S McGreal 138
3 2 17 X-ray radiography H Roberts 141
3 2 18 Image analysing instruments P A Bull 142
3 3 Chemical properties 145
331 Wet chemical methods 145
332 Hydrogen ion activity (pH) • • 146
333 Conductivity 146
334 Ion-selective electrodes 146
335 Colorimetric and spectrophotometric analysis 147
336 Atomic absorption spectrophotometry 150
337 Mineralogy: introduction J McAllister 152
338 X-ray diffraction of clay minerals E Yatsu and S Shimoda 153
339 Thermal methods 161
3 3 10 X-ray fluorescence spectrometry - 164
3 3 11 Heavy minerals and insoluble residue W S McGreal 165
3 3 12 Transmission and scanning electron microscopes and
the study of clays E Yatsu, 5 Shimoda
and W B Whalley • 166
3 4 Strength of materials 169
341 Introduction 169
342 General shear strength measurements and classification tests 169
343 Laboratory fall cone (cone penetrometer) test for soil strength 173
344 Penetrometer 173
345 Vane text • 174
346 Schmidt hammer 174
XIV CONTENTS
347 Other tests of rock strength 175
348 Oedometer (consolidometer) tests W B Whalley 175
349 Direct shear W C Rouse 176
3 4 10 Triaxial testing of soils 181
3 4 11 Residual strength measurements D J Petley 184
3 5 Measuring and recording devices w B Whalley 186
351 Transducers 187
352 Signal transmission and signal processing 188
353 Display and recording devices 189
PART FOUR: PROCESS 193
Edited by J Lewin
4 1 Denudation and weathering A S Goudie 195
1 Introduction 195
2 General rates of denudation: problems of assessment 196
3 Gross denudation 198
4 Weathering 200
5 Estimation of rates of chemical denudation by
river-water analyses 200
6 Chemical denudation: other methods 203
7 Experimental physical weathering 208
8 Experimental chemical weathering 213
9 Weathering indices and ratios 216
4 1 10 The measurement of soil carbon dioxide 221
4 1 11 Tracing of karst waters 221
4 2 Slope processes i Statham 225
421 Introduction 225
422 Process environments on hillslopes - 227
423 Techniques for the investigation of rapid mass
movement in soils and soft rocks 231
424 Techniques for the investigation of failures in hard rocks 240
425 Techniques for observing and measuring soil creep 245
426 Techniques for the measurement of surface-water
erosion processes on slopes 251
427 Frost heave and other ice-related soil movements
(A S Goudie) 256
428 The measurement of subsurface water flow on
slopes (A S Goudie) 258
4 3 Solutes R Cryer and S T Trudgill 260
431 Solute studies in geomorphology , 260
432 Field sampling programmes for solute studies 261
CONTENTS XV
433 Problems of water sampling for laboratory analysis 264
434 Field techniques of natural-water sampling 266
435 Laboratory analysis 275
4 4 River channels J Lewin 280
441 Introduction 280
442 Gauging and analysis of streamflow 282
443 Sediment movement 287
444 Channel form and channel-form changes 296
4 5 Glacial processes David N Collins 302
451 Introduction 302
452 Access to the ice/bedrock interface 303
453 Techniques for measurement of basal processes 306
454 Surface and proglacial process observations 311
455 Meltwater characteristics as indicators of subglacial processes 315
456 Chemical analysis of ice and meltwater 317
457 Laboratory experimental simulation techniques 318
458 Glacio-lacustrine, glaci-estuarine and glacio-marine sedimentation 318
459 Integrated investigations of glacier sliding velocity,
subglacial hydrology and meltwater characteristics in
streams emerging from glacier portals 319
4 8 Biological aspects of process measurements HjM van Zon 365
481 Introduction 365
482 Hillslope processes 365
483 Channel processes 374
484 Biological indicators for geomorphological processes 376
4 9 Neotectonic processes A S Goudie ill
491 Introduction 377
492 Historical, archaeological and chronometric techniques 377
493 Recent vertical and horizontal movements 379
4 6 Aeolian processes P Knott and A Warren
Airflow characteristics
Wind erosion
Abrasion
Bedforms
4 7 Coastal processes R Dugdale
Introduction
Surf-zone processes
Measurement of beach morphology
Surf-zone sediment movement
Coastal erosion
XVI CONTENTS
PART FIVE: EVOLUTION
Edited by P Worsley
5 1 Radiocarbon dating: principles, application and
Sample collection P Worsley
511 Introduction
512 Field sampling
5 2 Uranium-series disequilibrium dating methods
D C Ford and H P Schwarcz
5 3 Applications of stable isotopes in waters, sedimentary
deposits, and fossil plants and animals
H P Schwarcz and D C Ford
531 Introduction
532 Meteoric water
533 Organic matter
534 Continental freshwater carbonates
Additional dating methods G H Miller
Introduction
Radiometric methods independent of environmental
variables
Radiogenic methods with environmental dependences
Non-radiogenic isotopic methods
Chemical methods
Other methods {A S Goudie)
Tree-ring dating (dendrochronology) P Worsley
Tree growth cycles
Ring counting
Tree-ring series and cross-dating
Master chronologies
Geomorphological applications
Conclusion
Lichenometry P Worsley
Introduction
Conceptual problems
Lichen establishment
Lichen growth and development
Environmental factors
566 Sampling technique and the establishment of lichen
growth rates 426
CONTENTS XVU
5 7 Peats and lake sediments: formation, stratigraphy,
description and nomenclature
F Oldfield and N Richardson 428
571 Introduction 428
572 Lake sediments and peat: origin and development 428
573 Field sampling, cores and coring techniques,
conventional land- and ice-based sampling 431
574 Pneumatic corers 434
575 Freezer corers 434
576 Peat and lake sediment chronology 435
577 Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction from peats and
lake sediments 446
578 Integration 455
5 8 Raised shorelines J Rose 456
581 Introduction 456
582 Methods of measuring displaced shorelines 456
583 Methods of dating and correlating displaced shorelines 459
584 Methods of representing results 466
585 Conclusions 475
5 9 Palaeosols I Fenwick 476
591 Introduction 476
592 Buried soils 476
593 Radiocarbon dating 478
594 Dating using chronosequences 479
595 Relict features in modern soils 480
596 Conclusions 482
References and bibliography 483
Index 558
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| isbn | 0044457154 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XIX, 570 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
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| spelling | Geomorphological techniques ed. ... by Andrew Goudie 2. ed. London u.a. Unwin Hyman 1990 XIX, 570 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Géomorphologie - Méthodologie Géomorphologie - Méthodologie ram Géomorphologie - Technique ram Geomorphology Methodology Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 gnd rswk-swf Geomorphologie (DE-588)4130684-3 gnd rswk-swf Geomorphologie (DE-588)4130684-3 s Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 s DE-604 Goudie, Andrew 1945- Sonstige (DE-588)132820242 oth HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002670651&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Geomorphological techniques Géomorphologie - Méthodologie Géomorphologie - Méthodologie ram Géomorphologie - Technique ram Geomorphology Methodology Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 gnd Geomorphologie (DE-588)4130684-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4038971-6 (DE-588)4130684-3 |
| title | Geomorphological techniques |
| title_auth | Geomorphological techniques |
| title_exact_search | Geomorphological techniques |
| title_full | Geomorphological techniques ed. ... by Andrew Goudie |
| title_fullStr | Geomorphological techniques ed. ... by Andrew Goudie |
| title_full_unstemmed | Geomorphological techniques ed. ... by Andrew Goudie |
| title_short | Geomorphological techniques |
| title_sort | geomorphological techniques |
| topic | Géomorphologie - Méthodologie Géomorphologie - Méthodologie ram Géomorphologie - Technique ram Geomorphology Methodology Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 gnd Geomorphologie (DE-588)4130684-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Géomorphologie - Méthodologie Géomorphologie - Technique Geomorphology Methodology Methode Geomorphologie |
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