The emergence of bacterial genetics:
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Cold Spring Harbor, NY
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
1990
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Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XIX, 346 S. Ill. |
ISBN: | 0879693509 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | THE EMERGENCE
OF BACTERIAL
GENETICS
THOMAS D BROCK
University of Wisconsin, Madison
(CSH)
COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY PRESS
Contents
Preface, ix
INTRODUCTION, 1
1 1 The Founders of Bacterial Genetics, 1
1 2 Key Experiments of Bacterial Genetics, 3
REFERENCES, 6
ROOTS IN CLASSICAL GENETICS, 7
2 1 Mendel s Work, 7
2 2 Darwin s Work, 8
2 3 de Vries s Work, 9
2 4 William Bateson, 10
2 5 Wilhelm Johannsen and the Concept of the Gene, 11
26AE Garrod: Inborn Errors of Metabolism, 12
27TH Morgan: Chromosome Theory of Heredity, 12
28HJ Muller and the Concept of Mutation, 15
2 9 Some Connections between Higher Organisms and Bacteria, 17
Haeckel and the phylogeny of bacteria, 17
Troland and the enzyme theory of life, 18
Beadle and Tatum, 20
Milislav Demerec, 20
2 10 Delayed Establishment of Mendelian Genetics in France, 22
2711 Conclusion, 23
REFERENCES, 23
ROOTS IN BACTERIOLOGY, 25
3 1 Ideas of Constancy of Bacterial Species, 25
3 2 The Pure Culture Technique before Robert Koch, 26
3 3 Koch s Plate Technique, 27
3 4 Characterization of Bacterial Pathogens, 28
3 5 Pasteur s Work on Attenuation, 29
3 6 Colony Characteristics and Life Cycles of Bacteria, 30
3 7 Darwin or Lamarck?, 31
3 8 Nutrition as a Background for Bacterial Genetics, 32
Intermediary metabolism, 34
xiii
XW CONTENTS
3 9 The Bacterial Nucleus, 34
The eucaryotic nucleus, 35
Early studies on the bacterial nucleus, 35
Electron microscopy of the bacterial nucleus, 37
Electron microscopy of isolated DNA, 38
Autoradiographic studies with DNA, 39
3 10 Conclusion, 41
REFERENCES, 41
MUTATION, 45
4 1 Martinus Beijerinck and the Application of de Vries s Mutation Theory to
Bacteria, 46
4 2 The Pure Line Concept, 48
4 3 Are Bacteria More Mutable Than Other Organisms?, 50
4 4 Escherichia coli mutabile, 50
The work of I M Lewis on Escherichia coli mutabile, 52
4 5 Bacterial Dissociation, 53
4 6 Training, 54
Sir Paul Fildes, 55
Sir Cyril Hinshelwood, 56
4 7 Phage as an Element in Bacterial Variability, 57
4 8 Fluctuation Test: The Paper of Luria and Delbriick, 58
The theory of the fluctuation test, 59
Newcombe s spreading experiment, 63
4 9 Other Kinds of Bacterial Mutations, 63
4 10 Replica Plating and Indirect Selection of Bacterial Mutants, 65
The replica-plating technique, 65
Use of replica plating in indirect selection of resistant mutants, 67
4 11 Radiation and Other Mutagens, 67
Phenotypic lag, 67
Chemical mutagenesis, 68
4 12 Penicillin Selection of Nutritional Mutants, 68
4 13 Conclusion, 69
REFERENCES, 70
MATING, 75
5 1 The Neurospora Background, 75
5 2 Tatum s Work on Escherichia coli, 79
5 3 Lederberg s Early Work, 80
5 4 The Pre-Hayes Era of Bacterial Genetics, 87
5 5 The Work of William Hayes, 88
5 6 An Infective Factor Controlling Sex Compatibility, 90
Evidence of self-incompatibility, 91
CONTENTS XV
5 7 Hfr Strains and the Nature of the Mating Process, 94
Wollman and Jacob, 94
Interrupted mating, 95
5 8 Stages in the Mating Process, 97
5 9 Colicinogeny, 98
5 10 The Conversion of F+ to Hfr, 98
Curing F+ bacteria, 99
Implications, 99
5 11 The Chromosomal Organization of Hfr Bacteria, 100
5 12 F Prime Factors, 104
5 13 Genetic Homology between Escherichia coli and Salmonella, 105
5 14 Male-specific Bacteriophages, 105
5 15 The Rec~ Phenotype, 106
5 16 An Important Synthesis, 106
5 17 Resistance Transfer Factors, 106
5 18 Physical Evidence for Structure of Plasmids, 107
5 19 Conclusion, 108
REFERENCES, 109
PHAGE, 113
6 1 Discovery and Early Work, 113
Twort s work, 113
d Herelle s work, 114
The nature of the bacteriophage, 114
Intracellular or extracellular origin of phage, 115
6 2 Bacteriophage Research in the 1930s, 116
Burnet s work, 116
Northrop s work, 116
6 3 Delbriick and the Beginnings of Modern Research, 117
Biographical notes, 117
CalTech and Delbruck s initial phage work, 120
One-step growth, 120
64SE Luria, 122
Luria and Delbriick, 123
6 5 Bacteriophage Have Tails, 124
6 6 Luria and Delbriick at Cold Spring Harbor, 124
The phage treaty, 127
6 7 Delbriick at CalTech, 128
68AD Hershey, 130
6 9 Phage Genetics: The First Steps, 131
Phage Mutants, 131
Mixed infection, 133
Crossing phage, 133
6 10 Fine Structure of the Gene: Benzer s Work, 137
Classical genetics and the nature of the gene, 138
The rll mutation, 139
XVi CONTENTS
6 11 The Phage Genetic Map, 143
Phenotypic mixing, 144
6 12 Biochemistry of Phage Replication, 144
The prejudice against biochemistry, 145
Chemistry of phage, 146
Seymour S Cohen, 147
Biochemistry of T-even phage replication, 147
Unusual bases in T-even DNA, 148
The eclipse period, 149
6 13 The Hershey/Chase Experiment, 149
Structure and osmotic properties of phage particles, 151
Phage as transforming principle, 151
The experiment, 152
6 14 Host and Virus Protein Synthesis, 154
6 15 The Restriction/Modification Phenomenon, 154
6 16 Conclusion, 156
Nonbiochemical studies, 156
Biochemical work, 157
Virulent and temperature phage, 157
REFERENCES, 158
LYSOGENY, 163
7 1 The Nature of Lysogeny, 163
7 2 Early Studies on Lysogeny, 164
Bordet s work, 164
The discovery of the indicator system, 166
Burnet s work, 167
7 3 The Bacillus megaterium System, 168
The Wollmans studies on Bacillus megaterium, 169
Northrop s work, 170
7A The Work of Andre Lwoff, 170
Lwoff s background, 170
Lwoff s swich to lysogeny, 171
The phage group s rejection of lysogeny, 172
The experiments of Lwoff and Gutmann, 174
Induction, 176
Immunity, 178
7 5 Lysogenicity in Escherichia coli, 179
Genetic mapping of lambda, 180
Zygotic induction, 180
7 6 The Prophage as a Genetic Element, 182
The genetics of prophage lambda, 182
The location of the prophage, 183
The Campbell model, 184
Importance of lambda, 185
7 7 The Episome, 185
REFERENCES, 186
CONTENTS XVU
TRANSDUCTION, 189
8 1 Transduction in Salmonella, 189
Norton Zinder, 190
Discovery of transduction, 190
Early interpretations of transduction, 192
The filterable agent is phage, 193
8 2 Terminology of Transduction, 194
Transduction and lysogeny, 195
8 3 Abortive Transduction, 196
8 4 Bacteriophage PI, 197
8 5 Fine-Structure Genetic Mapping Using Transduction, 197
Terminology of bacterial genetics, 199
The basic transduction experiment, 200
Mutagenicity testing, 202
8 6 Transduction in the lambda System, 202
The defectiveness of transducing lambda, 203
8 7 Defective Particles in General Transduction, 205
Significance for recombinant DNA technology, 205
8 8 Meromixis, 206
8 9 Lysogenic or Phage Conversion, 206
Conversion in Corynebacterium diphtheriae, 207
Conversion in Salmonella, 209
Terminology of conversion, 209
8 10 Significance of Transduction, 210
REFERENCES, 210
TRANSFORMATION, 213
9 1 Biology of Pneumococci, 214
Pathogenesis, 214
Type specificity, 215
Other characteristics of pneumococci, 216
9 2 The Smooth /Rough Transformation, 217
9 3 The Discovery of Pneumococcus Transformation, 218
Homologous and heterologous transformation, 220
Biochemistry of the capsular acquisition, 224
Confirmation of Griffith s work, 225
9 4 Early Work at the Rockefeller Institute, 226
Oswald T Avery, 226
Confirmation of Griffith s work, 226
Successful in vitro transformation, 228
Successful soluble preparations, 229
9 5 The Transforming Principle Is DNA, 230
Pre-DNA interpretations of pneumococcal transformation, 230
The purification of transforming principle, 233
The Sevag procedure, 234
xviii CONTENTS
The transforming principle is DNA, 234
Properties of the transforming principle, 235
The 1944 paper, 236
9 6 Early Acceptance of the DNA Work, 238
9 7 Post-World-War-II Work at Rockefeller, 240
9 8 Chemistry of DNA, 242
9 9 Transformation in Other Bacteria, 244
9 10 Transformation and Infective Heredity, 244
Why infective heredity?, 246
9 11 Size of Transforming DNA, 246
9 12 Competence, 247
9 13 Genetic Markers, 248
Antibiotic resistance markers, 249
Linked markers, 250
9 14 Mechanism of Transformation, 252
9 15 Transformation as a Tool for Studying the Physical Properties of
DNA, 253
9 16 Conclusion, 255
REFERENCES, 259
GENE EXPRESSION AND REGULATION, 265
10 1 Background on Enzymes, 266
10 2 Adaptive and Constitutive Enzymes, 267
The Yudkin hypothesis, 270
Spiegelman s work on yeast, 271
10 3 An Early Model of Gene Function, 273
10 4 The Early Work of Jacques Monod, 275
Diauxie, 277
10 5 The Early Postwar Period: Theories and Experiments, 279
The preenzyme model, 279
10 6 Lederberg s Work on the /3-Galactosidase of Escherichia coli, 281
10 7 From Enzymatic Adaptation to Induced Enzyme Synthesis, 283
Constitutive mutants, 283
Artificial galactosides, 284
Precursor Pz, 285
Differential rate of enzyme synthesis, 286
De novo /3-galactosidase synthesis, 286
The organizer, 287
Permeability and another galactoside entity, 288
10 8 Enzyme Repression, 290
The arginine system, 290
Repression as a general phenomenon, 293
10 9 The PaJaMo Experiment, 294
The basic PaJaMo experiment, 295
10 10 The Development of the Operon Concept, 299
10 11 Nature of the Repressor, 302
10 12 RNA and Protein Synthesis, 303
CONTENTS XiX
10 13 The Changing Concept of the Operon, 308
10 14 Colinearity of Gene and Protein, 311
10 15 Feedback Inhibition and Allosteric Interactions, 312
10 16 Catabolite Repression, 314
10 17 Conclusion, 315
REFERENCES, 316
FROM BACTERIAL GENETICS TO RECOMBINANT DNA, 325
REFERENCES, 329
Author Citation Index, 331
Subject Index, 337
|
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spelling | Brock, Thomas D. 1926-2021 Verfasser (DE-588)136686982 aut The emergence of bacterial genetics Thomas D. Brock Cold Spring Harbor, NY Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 1990 XIX, 346 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Geschichte 1865-1975 gnd rswk-swf Génétique bactérienne Bacteria genetics Bacterial genetics Genetics, Microbial Bakterien (DE-588)4004296-0 gnd rswk-swf Genetik (DE-588)4071711-2 gnd rswk-swf Bakterien (DE-588)4004296-0 s Genetik (DE-588)4071711-2 s Geschichte 1865-1975 z DE-604 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002630629&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Brock, Thomas D. 1926-2021 The emergence of bacterial genetics Génétique bactérienne Bacteria genetics Bacterial genetics Genetics, Microbial Bakterien (DE-588)4004296-0 gnd Genetik (DE-588)4071711-2 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4004296-0 (DE-588)4071711-2 |
title | The emergence of bacterial genetics |
title_auth | The emergence of bacterial genetics |
title_exact_search | The emergence of bacterial genetics |
title_full | The emergence of bacterial genetics Thomas D. Brock |
title_fullStr | The emergence of bacterial genetics Thomas D. Brock |
title_full_unstemmed | The emergence of bacterial genetics Thomas D. Brock |
title_short | The emergence of bacterial genetics |
title_sort | the emergence of bacterial genetics |
topic | Génétique bactérienne Bacteria genetics Bacterial genetics Genetics, Microbial Bakterien (DE-588)4004296-0 gnd Genetik (DE-588)4071711-2 gnd |
topic_facet | Génétique bactérienne Bacteria genetics Bacterial genetics Genetics, Microbial Bakterien Genetik |
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