The end of the old order in rural Europe:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Princeton, NJ
Princeton Univ. Press
1978
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturverz. S. 443 - 488 |
| Beschreibung: | XIII, 505 S. Ill., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0691052662 0691100675 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | The End of the Old Order
in Rural Europe
Jerome Blum
Princeton University Press
Princeton, New Jersey
TABLEOFCONTENTS
PREFACE vii
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xiii
INTRODUCTION 3
Part One: The Traditional Order
CHAPTER 1: The Seigniors 11
I The superior status of the seigniors 11
II Seigniorial landowning and fiscal privileges 17
III Lords great and small 24
IV Political assemblies 27
CHAPTER 2: The Peasants 29
I The inferior status of the peasantry 29
II The serfs of western Europe 35
III The serfs of eastern Europe 38
IV Contemporary opinion of the peasantry 45
CHAPTER 3: The Obligations of the Peasantry 50
I Dues and services 50
II Quitrents, fees, and tithes 60
III Obligations owed to the state 65
IV Increase in obligations 71
V The costs to the peasant 73
CHAPTER 4: The Privileges of the Seigniors 80
I Seigniorial monopolies 80
II Seigniorial judicial and administrative authority 84
III Seigniorial responsibilities 91
CHAPTER 5: Peasants, Large, Middling, and Small 95
I Peasant rank order 95
II Good and bad peasant tenures 98
III Peasant holdings 104
IV The rural proletariat 109
CHAPTER 6: The Retardation of Agriculture: Techniques and
Implements 116
I Hindrances to agricultural improvement 116
II Open fields and isolated farmsteads 120
III Tillage systems 125
IV Implements and productivity 131
CHAPTER 7: The Retardation of Agriculture: Crops and Livestock 138
I The primacy of grain 138
Contents
II Low yields and their consequences 144
III Animal husbandry 147
CHAPTER 8: The Rural Economy 155
I Seigniors and agricultural production 155
II Seigniorial attitudes 160
III Seigniorial income and debt 162
IV Peasants and the marketplace 171
CHAPTER 9: The Condition of the Peasantry 178
I Peasant poverty and housing 178
II Peasant diets 182
III Beggars, vagabonds, and runaways 188
IV Prosperous peasants 190
Part Two: Transition
CHAPTER 10: Absolute Monarchy and the Nobility 197
I The struggle for domination 197
II Sovereigns efforts to protect the peasantry 205
III Reforms by sovereigns on their manors 209
CHAPTER 11: First Attempts at Reform 216
I State intervention 216
II Reforms in the Austrian Monarchy and in Germany 221
III Reforms in the Russian empire 228
IV Reforms in the Danubian Principalities 237
CHAPTER 12: New Directions in Agriculture
I Upswing in economic activity 241
II New interest in agriculture 241
III The expansion of farm land 247
IV Improved field systems 252
V Enclosure and consolidation 257
VI Improved and new crops 263
CHAPTER 13: The Improvers 282
I Seigniors as innovators 282
II Agricultural societies, innovating clergymen 287
III Peasant attitudes 292
IV Seigniors and industry 295
V The slow pace of change 303
CHAPTER 14: The Old Order Attacked and Defended 305
I Critics of the old order 305
II Discontent with the labor obligation 315
III Reforms by seigniors 324
IV Defenders of the old order 326
[ x ]
Contents
CHAPTER 15: Peasant Unrest 332
I Characteristics and endogenous causes 332
II Protests against state actions and policies 340
III Exogenous causes 342
IV Social revolts 346
V Non-violent protests 351
Part Three: Emancipation
CHAPTER 16: Background of the Emancipation 357
I Seigniors and the approaching emancipation 357
II The impact of peasant unrest 359
III Extrinsic pressures for reform 366
IV Raison d etat 373
CHAPTER 17: The Reforms 377
I Era of reform 377
II Emancipation legislation: some common characteristics 383
III Indemnification to the seigniors 388
IV Land to the peasants 393
V Similarities and differences 398
CHAPTER 18: Pluses and Minuses 401
I Reactions to the emancipations 401
II Carrying,out the emancipations 403
III Servile obligations continue 406
IV Restrictions on peasants property rights 410
V Seigniorial public authority 412
CHAPTER 19: From Order to Class 418
I Demographic changes 418
II Decline in the status of the nobility 419
III Economic reverses of the nobility 425
IV Changes in the status of the peasantry 429
V The condition of the peasantry 435
VI From Order to Class 440
LIST OF WORKS CITED 443
INDEX 489
LISTOFILLUSTRATIONS
Map: The servile lands of Europe, 18th-19th centuries xiv
1 Polish peasant children 40
2 Punishment in an Hungarian village of the 18th century 88
3 Meeting place of a village assembly in Schleswig 114
4 A village near St Petersburg 124
5 Threshing grain 135
6 Winemaking 144
7 Grinding grain with a quern 146
8 Country residence of a grandee 166
9 The orangery and parterre at Kuskov 167
10 Underground peasant dwellings in Hungary 180
11 Interior of a Russian peasant dwelling 181
12 Peasant houses in Transylvania 185
13 Village of Sludstrup, Denmark, before and after consolidation 268
14 Folding sheep 280
15 Romanian peasant woman spinning with a distaff 302
16 Lesser Polish nobles with their patron, a magnate, late 18th
century 327
17 Peasant, pope, and emperor 334
18 Exploitation of the peasant by the landed proprietor 363
19 Newly emancipated Russian peasants 405
[ xiii ]
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| spelling | Blum, Jerome 1913-1993 Verfasser (DE-588)171981154 aut The end of the old order in rural Europe Jerome Blum Princeton, NJ Princeton Univ. Press 1978 XIII, 505 S. Ill., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturverz. S. 443 - 488 Sozialgeschichte 1770-1870 gnd rswk-swf Sozialgeschichte 1700-1900 gnd rswk-swf Classes sociales - Europe - Histoire Féodalité - Europe - Histoire Paysannerie - Europe - Histoire Geschichte Feudalism Europe History Peasants Europe History Social classes Europe History Landwirtschaft (DE-588)4034402-2 gnd rswk-swf Europe - Conditions rurales Europa Europe Rural conditions Europa (DE-588)4015701-5 gnd rswk-swf Europa (DE-588)4015701-5 g Sozialgeschichte 1700-1900 z DE-604 Landwirtschaft (DE-588)4034402-2 s Sozialgeschichte 1770-1870 z HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002083976&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Blum, Jerome 1913-1993 The end of the old order in rural Europe Classes sociales - Europe - Histoire Féodalité - Europe - Histoire Paysannerie - Europe - Histoire Geschichte Feudalism Europe History Peasants Europe History Social classes Europe History Landwirtschaft (DE-588)4034402-2 gnd |
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| title | The end of the old order in rural Europe |
| title_auth | The end of the old order in rural Europe |
| title_exact_search | The end of the old order in rural Europe |
| title_full | The end of the old order in rural Europe Jerome Blum |
| title_fullStr | The end of the old order in rural Europe Jerome Blum |
| title_full_unstemmed | The end of the old order in rural Europe Jerome Blum |
| title_short | The end of the old order in rural Europe |
| title_sort | the end of the old order in rural europe |
| topic | Classes sociales - Europe - Histoire Féodalité - Europe - Histoire Paysannerie - Europe - Histoire Geschichte Feudalism Europe History Peasants Europe History Social classes Europe History Landwirtschaft (DE-588)4034402-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Classes sociales - Europe - Histoire Féodalité - Europe - Histoire Paysannerie - Europe - Histoire Geschichte Feudalism Europe History Peasants Europe History Social classes Europe History Landwirtschaft Europe - Conditions rurales Europa Europe Rural conditions |
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