Inferential statistics for geographers: An introd.
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London
Hutchinson
1977
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | 272 S. graph.Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0091286204 0091286212 |
Internformat
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| 650 | 4 | |a Geography |x Statistical methods | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Inferential statistics for geographers
Autor: Norcliffe, Glen B
Jahr: 1977
Contents
List of Figures 10
Preface 13
Part one: Elements of statistical inference
1 Introduction 17
Why use statistics? 17
Descriptive and inferential statistics 19
Levels of measurement 20
General requirements for a statistical test 22
A parametric or a nonparametric test? 22
The power of a test 25
2 Conducting a statistical test 26
Population and sample 26
Selecting a sample 27
The sampling distribution 30
The null hypothesis 31
Levels of significance 33
One- and two-tailed tests 34
Type I and Type II errors 35
A simple procedure for conducting a statistical test 36
Some common sources of error in statistical analysis 37
3 Central tendency, dispersion and the moments of a distribution 39
Measures of central tendency 39
Measures of dispersion 45
Higher-order moments 49
Estimating population parameters 53
4 The binomial, Poisson and normal distributions 55
The binomial distribution 56
The Poisson distribution 59
Deviation scores and standard scores 61
The normal distribution 62
Testing for normality 64
Normalizing data 67
Deviant observations 69
Part two: Nonparametric methods
5 One sample nonparametric tests using the binomial and
Poisson distributions 73
The binomial test 73
An example of the normal approximation to the binomial
distribution 81
The Poisson test 83
6 Two tests of fit and association: the chi square and
Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests 92
The one-sample chi square test 92
The chi square test for two or more independent samples 98
The Kolmogorov-Smirnov one-sample test 102
The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for two independent samples 107
7 Nonparametric measures of correlation 111
The phi coefficient 111
Spearman s coefficient of rank correlation 115
The point biserial coefficient of correlation 122
8 Court s method for map comparison 128
Further readings in nonparametric statistics 138
Part three: Parametric methods
9 Analysis of means 141
Comparing a sample mean to a population mean when
the population standard deviation is known 142
Comparing a sample mean to a population mean when
the population standard deviation is not known 147
Comparing the means of two independent samples with
equal variances 148
Comparing the means of two independent samples with
unequal variances 152
10 Analysis of variance 157
One way analysis of variance 158
Two way analysis of variance 161
A difference of variance test for two independent samples 171
11 Pearson s product-moment coefficient of correlation 175
12 Some tests of spatial order: testing for directional
preference and for contiguity 196
Identifying an orientational preference: the Rayleigh test 196
Daeey s test for contiguity 204
13 Simple linear regression 215
Further readings in parametric statistics 232
14 Geography and statistical methods 233
Percentages and closed number systems 235
Ecological correlation and modifiable units 236
Spatial autocorrelation 240
Concluding remarks 241
Bibliography 245
Statistical tables
A Values of ß~? for the Poisson distribution 253
? Critical values for chi square 254
C Critical values of D for one-sample, two-tailed
Kolmogorov—Smirnov tests 255
D Critical values of D for two-sample, two-tailed
Kolmogorov—Smirnov tests 256
E Critical values of t 257
F Probabilities association with extreme values of ?
under the normal curve 258
G Confidence limits for /3j and ß2 259
? Critical values of F 260
[ Critical values of H for the Rayleigh test 262
Appendix 1: Basic mathematical operations and statistical symbols 263
Appendix 2: Statistical notation and the Greek alphabet 267
Index
269
|
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| spelling | Norcliffe, Glen B. Verfasser aut Inferential statistics for geographers An introd. London Hutchinson 1977 272 S. graph.Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Estadística Géographie - Méthodes statistiques Statistique Geografie Geography Statistical methods Probabilities Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd rswk-swf Geografie (DE-588)4020216-1 gnd rswk-swf 1\p (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content Geografie (DE-588)4020216-1 s Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002073121&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Norcliffe, Glen B. Inferential statistics for geographers An introd. Estadística Géographie - Méthodes statistiques Statistique Geografie Geography Statistical methods Probabilities Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd Geografie (DE-588)4020216-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4056995-0 (DE-588)4020216-1 (DE-588)4151278-9 |
| title | Inferential statistics for geographers An introd. |
| title_auth | Inferential statistics for geographers An introd. |
| title_exact_search | Inferential statistics for geographers An introd. |
| title_full | Inferential statistics for geographers An introd. |
| title_fullStr | Inferential statistics for geographers An introd. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inferential statistics for geographers An introd. |
| title_short | Inferential statistics for geographers |
| title_sort | inferential statistics for geographers an introd |
| title_sub | An introd. |
| topic | Estadística Géographie - Méthodes statistiques Statistique Geografie Geography Statistical methods Probabilities Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd Geografie (DE-588)4020216-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Estadística Géographie - Méthodes statistiques Statistique Geografie Geography Statistical methods Probabilities Statistik Einführung |
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