Chemotherapy of fungal diseases:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
1990
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Handbook of experimental pharmacology
96 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturangaben |
| Beschreibung: | XXV, 558 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 3540522328 0387522328 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Chemotherapy of fungal diseases |c contributors Donald Armstrong ... Ed. John F. Ryley |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | CHEMOTHERAPY OF FUNGAL DISEASES CONTRIBUTORS DONALD ARMSTRONG, F. THOMAS
BOYLE, MANUEL DEBONO BERTRAND DUPONT, SARAH C. EARDLEY, OLIVER P. FLINT
ROBERT S. GORDEE, JOHN R. GRAYBILL, HEINZ HANEL THOMAS C. JONES, DAVID
KERRIDGE, ANN LAMBERT DAVID LOEBENBERG, PHILIP A. PIZZO, ANNEMARIE POLAK
WOLFGANG RITTER, MARGUERITE M. ROBERTS WILLIAM R. ROBERTSON, JOHN F.
RYLEY, HEINZ J. SCHMITT JACK D. SOBEL, JOHN J. STERN, ALAN M. SUGAR,
MICHAEL H. TARBIT HUGO VANDEN BOSSCHE, VIOLETTE V. VILLARS, THOMAS J.
WALSH ROBERT G. WILSON, MICHEL ZAUG EDITOR JOHN F. RYLEY SPRINGER-VERLAG
BERLIN HEIDELBERG NEW YORK LONDON PARIS TOKYO HONG KONG BARCELONA
CONTENTS SECTION I. DRUG DISCOVERY INTRODUCTION JOHN F. RYLEY CHAPTER 1
DRUG DISCOVERY: A CHEMIST S APPROACH F. THOMAS BOYLE. WITH 8 FIGURES 3
A. INTRODUCTION 3 B. DEVELOPMENT OF A LEAD 4 C. IDENTIFICATION OF A LEAD
14 I. FUNGAL STEROL METABOLISM * A TARGET FOR LEAD IDENTIFICATION .. 14
II. A 2 4-TRANSMETHYLATION IN YEAST AND FUNGAL STEROL SYNTHESIS ... 18
III. REGULATION OF A 24 -TRANSMETHYLATION 19 IV. IN HOUSE LEAD STRUCTURE
SELECTION AND BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS 21 D. CONCLUDING REMARKS 27
REFERENCES 28 CHAPTER 2 DRUG DISCOVERY: A BIOCHEMIST S APPROACH DAVID
KERRIDGE AND HUGO VANDEN BOSSCHE. WITH 10 FIGURES 31 A. INTRODUCTION 31
B. FACTORS AFFECTING THE CHOICE OF TARGET 34 I. THE CELL WALL AS A
BARRIER TO DRUG UPTAKE 35 C. POTENTIAL TARGETS 36 I. EXTERNAL TO THE
PLASMA MEMBRANE 36 1. STRUCTURAL POLYSACCHARIDES 36 2. CELL WALL
ASSOCIATED ENZYMES 37 3. PLASMA MEMBRANE ASSOCIATED TARGETS 39 II.
INTERNAL TARGETS 45 1. TRANSPORT OF DRUGS INTO SENSITIVE FUNGI 45 2.
PLASMA MEMBRANE PROTEINS 48 XII CONTENTS 3. PATHWAYS OF INTERMEDIARY
METABOLISM 56 4. MACROMOLECULAR SYNTHESIS 62 HI. MISCELLANEOUS TARGETS
63 1. DRUGS PREVENTING ADHESION 63 2. DIMORPHISM 64 3. THE CYTOSKELETON
64 4. EXOCELLULAR COMPOUNDS INVOLVED IN DISEASE 65 IV. WHICH TARGET? 65
D. SHORT-TERM SOLUTIONS TO ANTIFUNGAL THERAPY 66 I. COMBINATION THERAPY
66 II. DRUG FORMULATION 67 E. LONG-TERMS DEVELOPMENTS 67 REFERENCES 68
CHAPTER 3 DRUG DISCOVERY: NATURE S APPROACH MANUEL DEBONO AND ROBERT S.
GORDEE. WITH 2 FIGURES 77 A. INTRODUCTION 77 B. SOURCES OF SAMPLES FOR
SCREENING 78 I. SOIL 78 II. MARINE ORGANISMS 87 C. THE FUNGAL CELL WALL
AS AN ANTIFUNGAL TARGET 90 I. BIOMOLECULAR COMPOSITION AND APPROACHES TO
SCREENING FOR INHIBITION OF CELL WALL BIOSYNTHESIS 90 II. INHIBITION OF
|}-(1,3)-GLUCAN SYNTHESIS 92 III. INHIBITORS OF CHITIN SYNTHASE 95 D.
BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS 99 E. CONCLUSION 102
REFERENCES 103 CHAPTER 4 SCREENING AND EVALUATION IN VITRO ROBERT G.
WILSON AND JOHN F. RYLEY ILL A. PURPOSE OF SCREENING ILL B. METHODS OF
SCREENING 112 C. CHOICE OF ORGANISMS AND CONDITIONS 113 D. CHOICE OF
MEDIA ,. 113 E. A WORKABLE IN VITRO SCREEN 115 F. INTERPRETATION OF
SCREEN RESULTS 117 G. RELEVANCE OF SCREEN 117 H. EVALUATION IN VITRO 120
J. FEATURES OF ACTIVITY 122 CONTENTS XIII K. CONCLUSIONS 126 REFERENCES
127 CHAPTER 5 SCREENING AND EVALUATION IN VIVO JOHN F. RYLEY. WITH 2
FIGURES 129 A. PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS 129 B. TYPES OF SCREEN 130 C.
THE MULTI-INFECTION SCREEN 131 D. FURTHER EVALUATION 134 I. CANDIDOSIS
134 1. RAT VAGINITIS : 134 2. INTESTINAL INFECTIONS 135 3. SYSTEMIC
INFECTIONS 135 4. SKIN INFECTIONS 136 5. OTHER INFECTIONS 138 II.
DERMATOPHYTOSIS 139 III. CRYPTOCOCCOSIS 140 IV. ASPERGILLOSIS 142 V.
OTHER MYCOSES 142 1. COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS 142 2. PARACOCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS
143 3. HISTOPLASMOSIS 143 4. BLASTOMYCOSIS 143 5. SPOROTRICHOSIS 144 6.
MISCELLANEOUS MYCOSES 144 E. EXTRAPOLATION TO CLINICAL USE 145
REFERENCES 145 SECTION II. DRUG DEVELOPMENT INTRODUCTION JOHN F. RYLEY
149 CHAPTER 6 MODE OF ACTION STUDIES ANNEMARIE POLAK. WITH 12 FIGURES
153 A. INTRODUCTION 153 B. TARGET: NUCLEIC ACID SYNTHESIS AND CELL
DIVISION 155 I. 5-FLUOROCYTOSINE 155 II. GRISEOFULVIN 159 XIV CONTENTS
C. TARGET: CELL MEMBRANE 160 I. POLYENE MACROLIDES 161 II. ERGOSTEROL
BIOSYNTHESIS INHIBITORS 164 1. IMIDAZOLE AND TRIAZOLE DERIVATIVES 164 2.
MORPHOLINE DERIVATIVES 168 3. ALLYLAMINES 170 4. THIOCARBAMATE
ANTIFUNGALS 172 5. CONCLUSIONS 173 D. TARGET: CELL WALL SYNTHESIS 173 I.
CHITIN SYNTHASE INHIBITION 174 II. GLUCAN SYNTHESIS 175 REFERENCES 179
CHAPTER 7 PHARMACOKINETIC ASPECTS OF ANTIFUNGAL THERAPY MICHAEL H.
TARBIT. WITH 3 FIGURES 183 A. INTRODUCTION 183 B. PHARMACOKINETIC AND
METABOLIC CONCEPTS 183 I. IN VITRO POTENCY VERSUS IN VIVO EFFICACY 184
II. ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES 184 III. ASSESSMENT OF ABSORPTION AND SYSTEMIC
AVAILABILITY 185 IV. DISTRIBUTION PARAMETERS . 187 V. ASSESSMENT OF
DURATION OF ACTION 189 VI. SUMMARY 191 C. PHARMACOKINETICS OF CLINICALLY
USED ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS 191 I. NON-AZOLES 192 1. AMPHOTERICIN B 192 2.
5-FLUOROCYTOSINE 193 II. FIRST GENERATION IMIDAZOLE DRUGS 193 III.
KETOCONAZOLE *. 195 IV. NOVEL TRIAZOLE AGENTS 197 D. CONCLUSIONS 200
REFERENCES 200 CHAPTER 8 HEPATIC AND ENDOCRINE EFFECTS OF AZOLE
ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS MICHAEL H. TARBIT, WILLIAM R. ROBERTSON, AND ANN
LAMBERT WITH 5 FIGURES 205 A. INTRODUCTION 205 B. NATURE OF CYTOCHROME
P-450 206 C. MODE OF INTERACTION OF AZOLES WITH CYTOCHROME P-450 207 D.
EFFECTS OF AZOLES ON MAMMALIAN HEPATIC CYTOCHROMES P-450 209 CONTENTS XV
I. IN VITRO METABOLISM STUDIES 209 II. IN VIVO DRUG INTERACTION STUDIES
211 III. INDUCTION OF CYTOCHROMES P-450 213 E. ENDOCRINE EFFECTS OF
AZOLES 215 I. MAMMALIAN ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 215 II. EFFECTS OF KETOCONAZOLE
ON STEROIDOGENIC TISSUES 216 III. OTHER ENDOCRINE EFFECTS OF
KETOCONAZOLE 218 IV. EFFECT OF OTHER IMIDAZOLE ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS ON
STEROIDOGENESIS 219 V. NEW ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS 220 VI. CLINICAL USE OF
KETOCONAZOLE IN ENDOCRINOLOGY 220 1. USE IN CORTISOL OVERPRODUCTION 220
2. USE IN ANDROGEN OVERPRODUCTION 220 3. OTHER CLINICAL USES 221 VII.
ASSESSMENT OF ANTI-STEROIDOGENIC BIOPOTENCY AND SITE OF ACTION OF
ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS 221 F. CONCLUSIONS 222 REFERENCES 223 CHAPTER 9
STRUCTURE-TERATOGENICITY RELATIONSHIPS AMONG ANTIFUNGAL TRIAZOLES OLIVER
P. FLINT AND F. THOMAS BOYLE. WITH 6 FIGURES 231 A. INTRODUCTION 231 B.
MATERIALS AND METHODS 231 C. RESULTS 232 I. IN VITRO ASSAYS 232 II. IN
VIVO TERATOGENICITY 236 1. MONOTRIAZOLE TERTIARY ALCOHOLS - 236 2.
BISTRIAZOLE TERTIARY ALCOHOLS 239 D. DISCUSSION : 239 I. MONOTRIAZOLE
TERTIARY ALCOHOLS 240 II. BISTRIAZOLE TERTIARY ALCOHOLS 243 III.
CORRELATION BETWEEN IC 50T AND IN VIVO TERATOGENICITY 245 1.
MONOTRIAZOLE TERTIARY ALCOHOLS 245 2. BISTRIAZOLE TERTIARY ALCOHOLS .-,.
.. 246 E. CONCLUSIONS 247 REFERENCES 248 CHAPTER 10 FORMULATION HEINZ
HANEL AND WOLFGANG RITTER. WITH 8 FIGURES 251 A. INTRODUCTION 251 XVI
CONTENTS B. TOPICAL FORMULATIONS 251 I. SKIN INFECTIONS 251 1.
PENETRATION STUDIES 252 2. THERAPEUTIC STUDIES 258 3. PHARMACOKINETIC
STUDIES 261 II. NAIL INFECTIONS 265 1. IN VITRO MODELS .265 III. VAGINAL
INFECTIONS 269 1. ABSORPTION STUDIES 270 2. THERAPEUTIC STUDIES 271 C.
ORAL FORMULATIONS 271 D. PARENTERAL FORMULATIONS 272 REFERENCES 274
CHAPTER 11 REGULATORY PROCEDURES SARAH C. EARDLEY. WITH 4 FIGURES 279 A.
INTRODUCTION 279 B. A SHORT HISTORY AND SOME OF THE LANDMARKS IN DRUG
DEVELOPMENT AND REGULATION 280 I. EARLY DAYS 280 II. THE DEVELOPMENT OF
THE PHARMACOPOEIAS 281 III. THE RISE OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY 282
IV. SELF-MEDICATION, PATENT MEDICINES AND SECRET REMEDIES 283 V. POISONS
AND DANGEROUS DRUGS 284 VI. THE THERAPEUTIC SUBSTANCES ACT :. 284 VII.
THALIDOMIDE AND AFTER ,. 285 VIII. EVOLUTION OF REGULATORY PROCEDURES IN
THE USA . 285 IX. SUMMARY 287 C. WHO IS INVOLVED? THE REGULATORS AND
THE REGULATED 288 D. DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR A NEW DRUG 289 E. THE
REGULATORY PROCESS: PRE-SUBMISSION 289 I. THE ACTIVITIES AND THE TIME
SCALE 291 II. THE COST ; .. 293 III. THE SCALE OF THE MARKETING
APPLICATION 295 IV. COMPILING THE MARKETING APPLICATION 295 V.
STRUCTURING THE MARKETING APPLICATION 296 VI. EXPERT REPORTS 298 VII.
SECOND WAVE COUNTRIES 299 F. THE REGULATORY PROCESS: POST-SUBMISSION
299 I. PROCESSING OF A MARKETING APPLICATION WITHIN THE UK DEPARTMENT OF
HEALTH 299 CONTENTS XVII II. THE COMMITTEE FOR PROPRIETARY MEDICINAL
PRODUCTS 303 III. THE REGULATORY PROCESS IN SECOND WAVE COUNTRIES 306
G. REGULATORY PROCESSES FOR MARKETED AND OLDER PRODUCTS 306 I.
SUPPLEMENTARY APPLICATIONS 307 II. DRUG REVIEW PROGRAMMES 307 III.
MAINTAINING THE CONSISTENCY OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION 307 H. DISCUSSION
308 REFERENCES 311 CHAPTER 12 CLINICAL TRIALS THOMAS C. JONES AND JOHN
J. STERN 313 A. INTRODUCTION 313 B. WHY CLINICAL TRIALS EXIST 314 C.
GENERAL PRINCIPLES IN THE STUDY OF ANTIFUNGAL DRUGS 316 I. EVALUATION OF
DRUG EFFICACY IN EPIDERMAL AND MUCOSAL MYCOTIC INFECTIONS 316 1. WHAT IS
THE MEANING OF THE MYCOLOGICAL TEST? 317 2. HOW CAN SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
BEST BE EVALUATED? 318 3. WHAT IS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF AND BEST WAY TO
EVALUATE RELAPSE OR REINFECTION? 318 II. EVALUATION OF DRUG EFFICACY IN
SYSTEMIC MYCOSES 319 III. DOCUMENTATION OF DRUG TOLERABILITY DURING
TOPICAL APPLICATION 320 IV. DOCUMENTATION OF DRUG TOLERABILITY DURING
ORAL OR INTRAVENOUS DRUG USE . 320 D. ORGANIZATION OF CLINICAL TRIALS
FOR THE TREATMENT OF DERMATOMYCOSES .: 321 I. TOLERABILITY AND
PHARMACOKINETIC ASSESSMENT IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS (PHASE I) 322 II.
OPEN-LABEL EFFICACY TRIALS (PHASE I) 322 III. DOSE FINDING AND DURATION
FINDING STUDIES (PHASE II) 322 IV. EXPLORING DRUG EFFICACY AND
TOLERABILITY IN VARIOUS DISEASES (PHASE III) 323 V. EVALUATION OF
SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE DRUG; PROFILING STUDIES (PHASE IV) 323 E.
SPECIAL ASPECTS OF CLINICAL TRIALS IN THE TREATMENT OF SYSTEMIC MYCOSES
323 F. STATISTICAL ISSUES IN THE CONDUCT OF CLINICAL TRIALS 326 G.
SELECTED ISSUES IN PROTOCOL AND INVESTIGATOR BROCHURE PREPARATION, GOOD
CLINICAL PRACTICE IMPLEMENTATION, AND FINAL STUDY REPORT DOCUMENTATION
329 XVIII CONTENTS I. PROTOCOL AND INVESTIGATOR BROCHURE PREPARATION 329
II. GOOD CLINICAL PRACTICE IMPLEMENTATION 330 III. FINAL STUDY REPORT
DOCUMENTATION 330 H. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 330 REFERENCES 331 SECTION
III. CLINICAL USAGE INTRODUCTION JOHN F. RYLEY 333 CHAPTER 13 CLINICAL
USAGE * A DERMATOLOGIST S VIEWPOINT MARGUERITE M. ROBERTS 335 A.
INTRODUCTION 335 B. THE SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES 335 I. DERMATOPHYTE
INFECTION 335 1. AETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 335 2. CLINICAL FEATURES 336
3. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 337 4. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS 338 5. TREATMENT
338 II.- SUPERFICIAL AND MUCOCUTANEOUS CANDIDOSIS 340 1. AETIOLOGY AND
EPIDEMIOLOGY 340 2. CLINICAL FEATURES 340 3. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 341
4. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS , 342 5. TREATMENT 1 342 III. PITYRIASIS
VERSICOLOR ..... 343 1. AETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 343 2. CLINICAL
FEATURES 344 3. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 344 4. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS 344
5. TREATMENT ; 344 IV. LESS COMMON SUPERFICIAL FUNGAL INFECTIONS OF
NAILS 345 1. AETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 345 2. CLINICAL FEATURES 345 3.
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 346 4. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS 346 5. TREATMENT 346
V. LESS COMMON SUPERFICIAL FUNGAL INFECTIONS OF SKIN AND HAIR . . 347
CONTENTS XIX 1. AETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 347 2. CLINICAL FEATURES 347
3. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 347 4. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS 347 5. TREATMENT
348 VI. OTOMYCOSIS 348 1. AETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 348 2. CLINICAL
FEATURES 348 3. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 348 4. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS 348
5. TREATMENT 348 C. THE SUBCUTANEOUS MYCOSES 349 I. MYCETOMA 349 1.
AETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 349 2. CLINICAL FEATURES 349 3. DIFFERENTIAL
DIAGNOSIS 350 4. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS 350 5. TREATMENT 350 II.
CHROMOMYCOSIS 350 1. AETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 350 2. CLINICAL FEATURES
351 3. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 351 4. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS 351 5.
TREATMENT 351 III. SPOROTRICHOSIS 352 1. AETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 352
2. CLINICAL FEATURES 352 3. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 352 4. LABORATORY
DIAGNOSIS 352 5. TREATMENT 353 IV. PHAEOHYPHOMYCOSIS 353 1. AETIOLOGY
AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 353 2. CLINICAL FEATURES 353 3. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
353 4. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS 353 5. TREATMENT 353 V. LOBOMYCOSIS . ...
354 1. AETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 354 2. CLINICAL FEATURES 354 3.
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 354 4. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS 354 5. TREATMENT 354
VI. ZYGOMYCOSIS (PHYCOMYCOSIS) 354 1. AETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 354 XX
CONTENTS 2. CLINICAL FEATURES 354 3. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 355 4.
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS * 355 5. TREATMENT 355 VII. RHINOSPORIDIOSIS 355 1.
AETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 355 2. CLINICAL FEATURES 355 3. DIFFERENTIAL
DIAGNOSIS 355 4. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS 355 5. TREATMENT 355 D. PRESENT
THERAPEUTIC PRACTICE AND FUTURE NEEDS 356 I. INTRODUCTION 356 II. CHOICE
OF PREPARATION 356 1. INTRODUCTION 356 2. THE SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES 356 3.
THE SUBCUTANEOUS MYCOSES 357 III. FACTORS INFLUENCING TREATMENT FAILURE
358 1. LACK OF COMPLIANCE 358 2. HOST FACTORS 358 3. FUNGAL
PATHOGENICITY 358 4. DRUG FACTORS 359 5. INADEQUATE TREATMENT 359 6.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FACTORS : 360 IV. FUTURE REQUIREMENTS 360 REFERENCES 361
CHAPTER 14 THERAPEUTIC CONSIDERATIONS IN FUNGAL VAGINITIS JACK D. SOBEL
, 365 A. INTRODUCTION 365 B. THERAPEUTIC PRINCIPLES 365 I. TOPICAL
AGENTS FOR ACUTE CANDIDA VAGINITIS 367 1. POLYENES 367 2. AZOLES 367 II.
STATUS OF SHORT COURSE TOPICAL THERAPY 369 III. ORAL SYSTEMIC AGENTS FOR
CANDIDA VAGINITIS 370 C. CHRONIC AND RECURRENT VULVOVAGINAL CANDIDOSIS
371 I. PATHOGENESIS OF RECURRENT VULVOVAGINAL CANDIDOSIS 372 II.
TREATMENT OF RECURRENT AND CHRONIC CANDIDA VAGINITIS 374 III. RESISTANCE
TO ANTIMYCOTIC AGENTS 376 D. ACUTE VAGINITIS IN PREGNANCY 377 E.
MANAGEMENT OF SEXUAL PARTNERS OF WOMEN WITH VULVOVAGINAL CANDIDOSIS 377
CONTENTS XXI F. THERAPEUTIC CAVEATS IN VULVOVAGINAL CANDIDOSIS 378 G.
SUMMARY 379 REFERENCES 380 CHAPTER 15 AN INFECTIOUS DISEASE SPECIALIST S
VIEWPOINT ALAN M. SUGAR 385 A. INTRODUCTION 385 B. THE PROBLEM 386 C.
DIAGNOSIS 387 D. THERAPY ; 388 E. PROSPECT FOR VACCINES 392 F. THE
FUTURE 393 REFERENCES 394 CHAPTER 16 MANAGEMENT OF FUNGAL INFECTIONS IN
PATIENTS WITH NEOPLASTIC DISEASES THOMAS J. WALSH AND PHILIP A. PIZZO
399 A. INTRODUCTION 399 B. PRINCIPLES OF HOST DEFENSE IN PATIENTS WITH
NEOPLASTIC DISEASES .... 399 C. DEFINITIONS AND CLASSIFICATION OF
NOSOCOMIAL FUNGAL INFECTIONS 400 I. ASPERGILLOSIS 401 1. MICROBIOLOGY
401 2. HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 401 3. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 403 4.
TREATMENT 404 II. ZYGOMYCOSIS 406 1. MICROBIOLOGY 406 2. HOSPITAL
EPIDEMIOLOGY 406 3. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 406 4. TREATMENT 407 III.
OTHER TYPE I (HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED) NOSOCOMIAL FUNGAL INFECTIONS IN CANCER
PATIENTS . 407 1. PSEUDALLESCHEROSIS 407 2. FUSARIOSIS 407 3.
PHAEOHYPHOMYCOSIS 408 IV. CANDIDOSIS 408 1. MICROBIOLOGY 408 2. HOSPITAL
EPIDEMIOLOGY 408 3. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 409 4. TREATMENT 412 XXII
CONTENTS V. TRICHOSPORONOSIS 413 VI. MALASSEZIA FURFUR FUNGEMIA 413 VII.
REACTIVATION OF LATENT FUNGAL INFECTIONS 414 VIII. FUNGAL INFECTIONS IN
PATIENTS WITH COMBINED NEOPLASTIC DISEASES AND AIDS 414 D. FUTURE
DIRECTIONS 414 REFERENCES 415 CHAPTER 17 FUNGAL INFECTIONS AND AIDS
BERTRAND DUPONT 421 A. INTRODUCTION 421 B. CANDIDOSIS 421 C.
CRYPTOCOCCOSIS 425 D. HISTOPLASMOSIS 430 E. COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS 431 F.
DERMATOPHYTES 432 G. SEBORRHOEIC DERMATITIS 433 H. OTHER MYCOSES 433
REFERENCES 433 CHAPTER 18 OLDER DRUGS DONALD ARMSTRONG AND HEINZ J.
SCHMITT 439 A. INTRODUCTION 439 B. AMPHOTERICIN B 439 I. HISTORY 439 II.
MODE OF ACTION .; 440 III. RESISTANCE 441 IV. PHARMACOKINETICS 442 V.
INDICATIONS ; 444 VI. ADMINISTRATION 445 VII. TOXICITY 446 C.
5-FLUOROCYTOSINE *. . . 447 I. HISTORY 447 II. MODE OF ACTION 447 III.
RESISTANCE 448 IV. PHARMACOKINETICS 449 V. INDICATIONS 449 VI.
ADMINISTRATION 450 VII. TOXICITY 450 REFERENCES 450 CONTENTS XXIII
CHAPTER 19 SYSTEMIC AZOLE ANTIFUNGAL DRUGS * INTO THE 1990S JOHN R.
GRAYBILL 455 A. THE EVOLUTION OF AZOLE ANTIFUNGALS IN CLINICAL USE 455
I. INTRODUCTION: WHY NOT STAY WITH GOOD OLD AMPHOTERICIN B? 455 II.
THE DAWN OF THE ERA OF AZOLE ANTIFUNGALS 455 1. THE FIRST EFFORTS FAIL
* CLOTRIMAZOLE 457 2. THE POTENTIAL IS DEMONSTRATED * MICONAZOLE 457
III. THE DAM BREAKS WITH KETOCONAZOLE 459 IV. THE SECOND GENERATION
AZOLES 461 1. ITRACONAZOLE * BROAD SPECTRUM WITH LESS TOXICITY 461 2.
FLUCONAZOLE * TARGETING A DISEASE BASED ON PRECLINICAL STUDIES 462 3.
SCH39304 * POTENT NEW KID ON THE BLOCK 463 V. FURTHER OUT ON THE
HORIZON 464 1. BAYER 3783 464 2. SAPERCONAZOLE * SON OF ITRACONAZOLE 464
VI. A DRUG THAT WAS RETIRED BEFORE ITS TIME * ICI 153,066 464 B.
INTERRELATION OF THE AZOLES 464 C. PATTERNS OF USE OF THE ANTIFUNGAL
AZOLES IN THE 1990S 465 I. USE IN NEUTROPENIC PATIENTS 465 1. TREATMENT
OF ESTABLISHED CANDIDOSIS AND ASPERGILLOSIS .... 465 2. EMPIRIC
ANTIFUNGAL THERAPY FOR CANDIDOSIS AND ASPERGILLOSIS 465 3. PROPHYLAXIS
OF CANDIDOSIS AND ASPERGILLOSIS 466 II. USE IN FUNGAL INFECTIONS IN
OTHER IMMUNOCOMPROMISED STATES 467 1. AIDS 467 2. CRYPTOCOCCOSIS 469
HI. USE IN NONIMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS 469 1. MAJOR ENDEMIC MYCOSES
469 2. MISCELLANEOUS MYCOSES 472 D. SUMMARY 475 REFERENCES 475 CHAPTER
20 TERBINAFINE THOMAS C. JONES AND VIOLETTE V. VILLARS. WITH 6 FIGURES
483 A. INTRODUCTION 483 B. CHEMISTRY AND MODE OF ACTION 483 XXIV
CONTENTS I. CHEMISTRY 483 II. MODE OF ACTION 485 III. MEASUREMENT OF
TERBINAFINE IN PLASMA, BODY FLUIDS AND TISSUE 486 C. ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY
487 I. FUNGICIDAL AND FUNGISTATIC ACTIONS 487 II. MORPHOLOGICAL EFFECTS
OF TERBINAFINE ON FUNGI 488 HI. SPECTRUM OF ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY 490 D.
ACTIVITY IN ANIMALS 491 I. METABOLISM 491 II. ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY 492 E.
TOXICOLOGY 493 I. ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY _ 493 II. FERTILITY,
REPRODUCTION, TERATOGENICITY AND MUTAGENICITY 494 F. CLINICAL RESULTS;
EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY 495 I. PHARMACOKINETICS IN HUMANS 495 II.
EFFICACY OF TERBINAFINE 495 III. TOLERABILITY OF ORAL AND TOPICAL
TERBINAFINE 499 G. SUMMARY 501 REFERENCES 501 CHAPTER 21 AMOROLFINE
ANNEMARIE POLAK AND MICHEL ZAUG. WITH 7 FIGURES 505 A. INTRODUCTION 505
B. PRECLINICAL RESULTS 505 I. ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF AMOROLFINE IN VITRO
505 1. FUNGISTATIC ACTIVITY ........ 505 2. FUNGICIDAL ACTIVITY * 507
II. THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY IN ANIMAL MODELS 507 1. DEEP MYCOSES 507 2.
TOPICAL MYCOSES 508 C. CLINICAL STUDIES 511 I. HUMAN PHARMACOKINETICS
511 1. DERMAL PENETRATION 511 2. VAGINAL ABSORPTION 512 II. HUMAN
PHARMACOLOGY 512 1. PERSISTENCE IN THE SKIN 512 2. DERMAL TOLERANCE 513
3. PERSISTENCE UNDER THE NAIL 513 4. VAGINAL TOLERANCE 515 III.
THERAPEUTIC TRIALS 515 1. DERMATOMYCOSIS 515 CONTENTS XXV 2.
ONYCHOMYCOSES 517 3. VULVOVAGINAL MYCOSIS 517 IV. CONCLUSION 520
REFERENCES 520 SECTION IV. WHERE NEXT? INTRODUCTION JOHN F. RYLEY 523
CHAPTER 22 OTHER COMPOUNDS IN DEVELOPMENT JOHN F. RYLEY WITH ROBERT S.
GORDEE AND DAVID LOEBENBERG 525 A. CILOFUNGIN 525 I. ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY
IN VITRO 525 II. ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY IN VIVO 527 III. MODE OF ACTION 528
IV. TOXICOLOGY 528 V. PHARMACOKINETICS 529 VI. CURRENT STATUS 529 B. SCH
39304 (SM 8668) 530 , I. ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY IN VITRO 530 II. ANTIFUNGAL
ACTIVITY IN VIVO 531 III. PHARMACOKINETIC STUDIES IN ANIMALS 533 IV.
CURRENT STATUS 534 C. ICI 195,739 534 I. ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY IN VITRO
534 II. ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY IN VIVO . 536 III. MODE OF ACTION STUDIES
: 538 IV. PHARMACOKINETICS AND TOXICOLOGY 540 D. OTHER AZOLES 540 I.
SAPERCONAZOLE 540 II. SDZ 89-485 541 III. BAY R 3783 (ELECTRAZOLE) :....
542 E. NON-AZOLES 544 I. SDZ 87-469 , 544 II. BMY 28567 (PRADIMYCIN) 544
III. NIKKOMYCIN Z 545 REFERENCES 546 SUBJECT INDEX 551
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
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| dewey-full | 616.969061 615.1 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 616 - Diseases 615 - Pharmacology and therapeutics |
| dewey-raw | 616.969061 615.1 |
| dewey-search | 616.969061 615.1 |
| dewey-sort | 3616.969061 |
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| id | DE-604.BV002650719 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T15:47:55Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3540522328 0387522328 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-001700568 |
| oclc_num | 263149628 |
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| owner_facet | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-20 DE-11 DE-188 DE-578 |
| physical | XXV, 558 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1990 |
| publishDateSearch | 1990 |
| publishDateSort | 1990 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Handbook of experimental pharmacology |
| series2 | Handbook of experimental pharmacology |
| spelling | Chemotherapy of fungal diseases contributors Donald Armstrong ... Ed. John F. Ryley Berlin [u.a.] Springer 1990 XXV, 558 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Handbook of experimental pharmacology 96 Literaturangaben Mycoses cabt Drug Therapy cabt Mykose (DE-588)4075152-1 gnd rswk-swf Chemotherapie (DE-588)4127083-6 gnd rswk-swf Pharmakotherapie (DE-588)4076066-2 gnd rswk-swf Antimykotikum (DE-588)4002304-7 gnd rswk-swf Mykose (DE-588)4075152-1 s Pharmakotherapie (DE-588)4076066-2 s DE-604 Antimykotikum (DE-588)4002304-7 s Chemotherapie (DE-588)4127083-6 s Ryley, John F. Sonstige oth Armstrong, Donald 1931- Sonstige (DE-588)1137858389 oth Handbook of experimental pharmacology 96 (DE-604)BV002390716 96 GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001700568&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Chemotherapy of fungal diseases Handbook of experimental pharmacology Mycoses cabt Drug Therapy cabt Mykose (DE-588)4075152-1 gnd Chemotherapie (DE-588)4127083-6 gnd Pharmakotherapie (DE-588)4076066-2 gnd Antimykotikum (DE-588)4002304-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4075152-1 (DE-588)4127083-6 (DE-588)4076066-2 (DE-588)4002304-7 |
| title | Chemotherapy of fungal diseases |
| title_auth | Chemotherapy of fungal diseases |
| title_exact_search | Chemotherapy of fungal diseases |
| title_full | Chemotherapy of fungal diseases contributors Donald Armstrong ... Ed. John F. Ryley |
| title_fullStr | Chemotherapy of fungal diseases contributors Donald Armstrong ... Ed. John F. Ryley |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemotherapy of fungal diseases contributors Donald Armstrong ... Ed. John F. Ryley |
| title_short | Chemotherapy of fungal diseases |
| title_sort | chemotherapy of fungal diseases |
| topic | Mycoses cabt Drug Therapy cabt Mykose (DE-588)4075152-1 gnd Chemotherapie (DE-588)4127083-6 gnd Pharmakotherapie (DE-588)4076066-2 gnd Antimykotikum (DE-588)4002304-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Mycoses Drug Therapy Mykose Chemotherapie Pharmakotherapie Antimykotikum |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001700568&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV002390716 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ryleyjohnf chemotherapyoffungaldiseases AT armstrongdonald chemotherapyoffungaldiseases |